The Occurrence of Zearalenone in South Korean Feedstuffs between 2009 and 2016
Mycotoxins produced by Fusarium plant pathogen species have harmful effects on humans and livestock by natural contamination in food and feed. Zearalenone, one of the well-known Fusarium mycotoxins, causes hyperestrogenism and toxicosis resulting in reproductive dysfunction in animals. This study in...
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MDPI AG
2017-07-01
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| Series: | Toxins |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/9/7/223 |
| _version_ | 1811306307852959744 |
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| author | Hansub Chang Woori Kim Ju-Hee Park Dongho Kim Choong-Ryeol Kim Soohyun Chung Chan Lee |
| author_facet | Hansub Chang Woori Kim Ju-Hee Park Dongho Kim Choong-Ryeol Kim Soohyun Chung Chan Lee |
| author_sort | Hansub Chang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Mycotoxins produced by Fusarium plant pathogen species have harmful effects on humans and livestock by natural contamination in food and feed. Zearalenone, one of the well-known Fusarium mycotoxins, causes hyperestrogenism and toxicosis resulting in reproductive dysfunction in animals. This study investigated the occurrence of zearalenone in feedstuffs (compound feeds, feed ingredients) between 2009 and 2016 in South Korea to obtain information on zearalenone contamination in feeds for management. A total of 653 animal feed samples (494 compound feeds, 159 feed ingredients) produced domestically were sampled five times from 2009 to 2016 (2009, 2010, 2012, 2014, and 2016) from feed factories in South Korea. The levels of zearalenone were analyzed every year by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) after pretreatment with an immunoaffinity column showing limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) of 0.1–3 μg/kg and 0.3–8 μg/kg, respectively. Four feed samples out of 494 compound feeds exceeded the EU and South Korea commission regulations over the eight-year test period, and no feed ingredients exceeded the guidelines. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T08:43:16Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-58cf40d1ba754c01b2aa056ec2c23a88 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6651 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T08:43:16Z |
| publishDate | 2017-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Toxins |
| spelling | doaj.art-58cf40d1ba754c01b2aa056ec2c23a882022-12-22T02:53:50ZengMDPI AGToxins2072-66512017-07-019722310.3390/toxins9070223toxins9070223The Occurrence of Zearalenone in South Korean Feedstuffs between 2009 and 2016Hansub Chang0Woori Kim1Ju-Hee Park2Dongho Kim3Choong-Ryeol Kim4Soohyun Chung5Chan Lee6National Agricultural Products Quality Management Service, 141, Yongjeon-ro, Gimcheon-si 39660, Gyeongsangbuk-do, KoreaAdvanced Food Safety Research Group, BrainKorea21 Plus, Department of Food Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong-si 17546, Gyeonggi-do, KoreaAdvanced Food Safety Research Group, BrainKorea21 Plus, Department of Food Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong-si 17546, Gyeonggi-do, KoreaNational Agricultural Products Quality Management Service, 141, Yongjeon-ro, Gimcheon-si 39660, Gyeongsangbuk-do, KoreaNational Agricultural Products Quality Management Service, 141, Yongjeon-ro, Gimcheon-si 39660, Gyeongsangbuk-do, KoreaDepartment of Integrated Biomedical and Life Science, Korea University, Seoul 02841, KoreaAdvanced Food Safety Research Group, BrainKorea21 Plus, Department of Food Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong-si 17546, Gyeonggi-do, KoreaMycotoxins produced by Fusarium plant pathogen species have harmful effects on humans and livestock by natural contamination in food and feed. Zearalenone, one of the well-known Fusarium mycotoxins, causes hyperestrogenism and toxicosis resulting in reproductive dysfunction in animals. This study investigated the occurrence of zearalenone in feedstuffs (compound feeds, feed ingredients) between 2009 and 2016 in South Korea to obtain information on zearalenone contamination in feeds for management. A total of 653 animal feed samples (494 compound feeds, 159 feed ingredients) produced domestically were sampled five times from 2009 to 2016 (2009, 2010, 2012, 2014, and 2016) from feed factories in South Korea. The levels of zearalenone were analyzed every year by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) after pretreatment with an immunoaffinity column showing limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) of 0.1–3 μg/kg and 0.3–8 μg/kg, respectively. Four feed samples out of 494 compound feeds exceeded the EU and South Korea commission regulations over the eight-year test period, and no feed ingredients exceeded the guidelines.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/9/7/223mycotoxinzearalenonefeedstuffs |
| spellingShingle | Hansub Chang Woori Kim Ju-Hee Park Dongho Kim Choong-Ryeol Kim Soohyun Chung Chan Lee The Occurrence of Zearalenone in South Korean Feedstuffs between 2009 and 2016 Toxins mycotoxin zearalenone feedstuffs |
| title | The Occurrence of Zearalenone in South Korean Feedstuffs between 2009 and 2016 |
| title_full | The Occurrence of Zearalenone in South Korean Feedstuffs between 2009 and 2016 |
| title_fullStr | The Occurrence of Zearalenone in South Korean Feedstuffs between 2009 and 2016 |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Occurrence of Zearalenone in South Korean Feedstuffs between 2009 and 2016 |
| title_short | The Occurrence of Zearalenone in South Korean Feedstuffs between 2009 and 2016 |
| title_sort | occurrence of zearalenone in south korean feedstuffs between 2009 and 2016 |
| topic | mycotoxin zearalenone feedstuffs |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/9/7/223 |
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