Relationships Between Evacuation Population Size, Earthquake Emergency Shelter Capacity, and Evacuation Time
Abstract Determining the location of earthquake emergency shelters and the allocation of affected population to them are key issues that face shelter planning and emergency management. To solve this emergency shelter location–allocation problem, evacuation time and the construction cost of shelters—...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
SpringerOpen
2017-12-01
|
| Series: | International Journal of Disaster Risk Science |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13753-017-0157-2 |
| _version_ | 1818309269426012160 |
|---|---|
| author | Xiujuan Zhao Wei Xu Yunjia Ma Lianije Qin Junlin Zhang Ying Wang |
| author_facet | Xiujuan Zhao Wei Xu Yunjia Ma Lianije Qin Junlin Zhang Ying Wang |
| author_sort | Xiujuan Zhao |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Determining the location of earthquake emergency shelters and the allocation of affected population to them are key issues that face shelter planning and emergency management. To solve this emergency shelter location–allocation problem, evacuation time and the construction cost of shelters—both influenced by the evacuation population size and its spatial distribution—are two important considerations. In this article, a mathematical model with two objectives—to minimize total weighted evacuation time (TWET) and total shelter area (TSA)—is allied with a modified particle swarm optimization algorithm to address the problem. The relationships between evacuation population size, evacuation time, and total shelter area are examined using Jinzhan Town in Chaoyang District of Beijing, China, as a case study. The results show that TWET has a power function relationship with TSA under different population size scenarios, and a linear function applies between evacuation population and TWET under different TSAs. The joint relationships of TSA, TWET, and population size show that TWET increases with population increase and TSA decrease, and compared with TSA, population influences TWET more strongly. Given a reliable projection of population change and spatial planning of a study area, this method can be useful for government decision making on the location of earthquake emergency shelters and on the allocation of evacuees to those shelters. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-13T07:27:29Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-58cf422b94594b6db82f1e0741b85a18 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2095-0055 2192-6395 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-13T07:27:29Z |
| publishDate | 2017-12-01 |
| publisher | SpringerOpen |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Disaster Risk Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-58cf422b94594b6db82f1e0741b85a182022-12-21T23:55:17ZengSpringerOpenInternational Journal of Disaster Risk Science2095-00552192-63952017-12-018445747010.1007/s13753-017-0157-2Relationships Between Evacuation Population Size, Earthquake Emergency Shelter Capacity, and Evacuation TimeXiujuan Zhao0Wei Xu1Yunjia Ma2Lianije Qin3Junlin Zhang4Ying Wang5State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal UniversityState Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal UniversityState Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal UniversityState Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal UniversityState Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal UniversityState Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal UniversityAbstract Determining the location of earthquake emergency shelters and the allocation of affected population to them are key issues that face shelter planning and emergency management. To solve this emergency shelter location–allocation problem, evacuation time and the construction cost of shelters—both influenced by the evacuation population size and its spatial distribution—are two important considerations. In this article, a mathematical model with two objectives—to minimize total weighted evacuation time (TWET) and total shelter area (TSA)—is allied with a modified particle swarm optimization algorithm to address the problem. The relationships between evacuation population size, evacuation time, and total shelter area are examined using Jinzhan Town in Chaoyang District of Beijing, China, as a case study. The results show that TWET has a power function relationship with TSA under different population size scenarios, and a linear function applies between evacuation population and TWET under different TSAs. The joint relationships of TSA, TWET, and population size show that TWET increases with population increase and TSA decrease, and compared with TSA, population influences TWET more strongly. Given a reliable projection of population change and spatial planning of a study area, this method can be useful for government decision making on the location of earthquake emergency shelters and on the allocation of evacuees to those shelters.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13753-017-0157-2China, earthquake shelter locationEvacuation population allocationTotal shelter areaTotal weighted evacuation time |
| spellingShingle | Xiujuan Zhao Wei Xu Yunjia Ma Lianije Qin Junlin Zhang Ying Wang Relationships Between Evacuation Population Size, Earthquake Emergency Shelter Capacity, and Evacuation Time International Journal of Disaster Risk Science China, earthquake shelter location Evacuation population allocation Total shelter area Total weighted evacuation time |
| title | Relationships Between Evacuation Population Size, Earthquake Emergency Shelter Capacity, and Evacuation Time |
| title_full | Relationships Between Evacuation Population Size, Earthquake Emergency Shelter Capacity, and Evacuation Time |
| title_fullStr | Relationships Between Evacuation Population Size, Earthquake Emergency Shelter Capacity, and Evacuation Time |
| title_full_unstemmed | Relationships Between Evacuation Population Size, Earthquake Emergency Shelter Capacity, and Evacuation Time |
| title_short | Relationships Between Evacuation Population Size, Earthquake Emergency Shelter Capacity, and Evacuation Time |
| title_sort | relationships between evacuation population size earthquake emergency shelter capacity and evacuation time |
| topic | China, earthquake shelter location Evacuation population allocation Total shelter area Total weighted evacuation time |
| url | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13753-017-0157-2 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT xiujuanzhao relationshipsbetweenevacuationpopulationsizeearthquakeemergencysheltercapacityandevacuationtime AT weixu relationshipsbetweenevacuationpopulationsizeearthquakeemergencysheltercapacityandevacuationtime AT yunjiama relationshipsbetweenevacuationpopulationsizeearthquakeemergencysheltercapacityandevacuationtime AT lianijeqin relationshipsbetweenevacuationpopulationsizeearthquakeemergencysheltercapacityandevacuationtime AT junlinzhang relationshipsbetweenevacuationpopulationsizeearthquakeemergencysheltercapacityandevacuationtime AT yingwang relationshipsbetweenevacuationpopulationsizeearthquakeemergencysheltercapacityandevacuationtime |