Metabolic Profiling of Chestnut Shell (<i>Castanea crenata</i>) Cultivars Using UPLC-QTOF-MS and Their Antioxidant Capacity
The inner shell of the chestnut (<i>Castanea crenata</i>) has long been used in Asia as a medicinal herb for improving digestion and blood circulation, and treating diarrhea. However, most chestnut shells are now treated as waste materials in industrial peeling processes. In this study,...
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MDPI AG
2022-12-01
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| Series: | Biomolecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/12/12/1797 |
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| author | Miso Nam Ja Myung Yu Young Ran Park Young-Sik Kim Jae-Ho Kim Min-Sun Kim |
| author_facet | Miso Nam Ja Myung Yu Young Ran Park Young-Sik Kim Jae-Ho Kim Min-Sun Kim |
| author_sort | Miso Nam |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The inner shell of the chestnut (<i>Castanea crenata</i>) has long been used in Asia as a medicinal herb for improving digestion and blood circulation, and treating diarrhea. However, most chestnut shells are now treated as waste materials in industrial peeling processes. In this study, we examined the metabolite variation among major cultivars of <i>C. crenata</i> shells using mass spectrometry. Among five representative cultivars, Okkwang, Porotan, and Ishizuuchi had higher levels of bioactive compounds, such as ellagic acid derivatives, ellagitannins, flavonoids, and gallic acid derivatives. Their antioxidant capacity was positively correlated with their chemical composition. The byproducts (whole shells) from the industrial peeling process were re-evaluated in comparison with the inner shell, a rich source of phenolic compounds. The phenolic acids and flavonoid glucoside derivatives were significantly higher in the whole shells, whereas the levels of flavonoids were higher in the inner shells. In addition, the whole shell extracts significantly reduced cellular reactive oxygen species production compared to the inner shell extracts. This study demonstrated the different biochemical benefits of different <i>C. crenata</i> cultivars through metabolic profiling and suggests that the whole shell could be used as a functional ingredient, as it has the highest levels of bioactive products and antioxidant effects. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T17:17:10Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-58cfbba347cf48b48feceb7fac2c3b47 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2218-273X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T17:17:10Z |
| publishDate | 2022-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biomolecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-58cfbba347cf48b48feceb7fac2c3b472023-11-24T13:33:32ZengMDPI AGBiomolecules2218-273X2022-12-011212179710.3390/biom12121797Metabolic Profiling of Chestnut Shell (<i>Castanea crenata</i>) Cultivars Using UPLC-QTOF-MS and Their Antioxidant CapacityMiso Nam0Ja Myung Yu1Young Ran Park2Young-Sik Kim3Jae-Ho Kim4Min-Sun Kim5Food Analysis Research Center, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju 55365, Republic of KoreaFood Analysis Research Center, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju 55365, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Herbology, College of Korean Medicine, Woosuk University, Jeonju 55338, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Herbology, College of Korean Medicine, Woosuk University, Jeonju 55338, Republic of KoreaEnterprise Solution Research Center, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju 55365, Republic of KoreaFood Analysis Research Center, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju 55365, Republic of KoreaThe inner shell of the chestnut (<i>Castanea crenata</i>) has long been used in Asia as a medicinal herb for improving digestion and blood circulation, and treating diarrhea. However, most chestnut shells are now treated as waste materials in industrial peeling processes. In this study, we examined the metabolite variation among major cultivars of <i>C. crenata</i> shells using mass spectrometry. Among five representative cultivars, Okkwang, Porotan, and Ishizuuchi had higher levels of bioactive compounds, such as ellagic acid derivatives, ellagitannins, flavonoids, and gallic acid derivatives. Their antioxidant capacity was positively correlated with their chemical composition. The byproducts (whole shells) from the industrial peeling process were re-evaluated in comparison with the inner shell, a rich source of phenolic compounds. The phenolic acids and flavonoid glucoside derivatives were significantly higher in the whole shells, whereas the levels of flavonoids were higher in the inner shells. In addition, the whole shell extracts significantly reduced cellular reactive oxygen species production compared to the inner shell extracts. This study demonstrated the different biochemical benefits of different <i>C. crenata</i> cultivars through metabolic profiling and suggests that the whole shell could be used as a functional ingredient, as it has the highest levels of bioactive products and antioxidant effects.https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/12/12/1797metabolic profiling<i>Castanea crenata</i> cultivarchestnut shellantioxidant capacitymass spectrometry |
| spellingShingle | Miso Nam Ja Myung Yu Young Ran Park Young-Sik Kim Jae-Ho Kim Min-Sun Kim Metabolic Profiling of Chestnut Shell (<i>Castanea crenata</i>) Cultivars Using UPLC-QTOF-MS and Their Antioxidant Capacity Biomolecules metabolic profiling <i>Castanea crenata</i> cultivar chestnut shell antioxidant capacity mass spectrometry |
| title | Metabolic Profiling of Chestnut Shell (<i>Castanea crenata</i>) Cultivars Using UPLC-QTOF-MS and Their Antioxidant Capacity |
| title_full | Metabolic Profiling of Chestnut Shell (<i>Castanea crenata</i>) Cultivars Using UPLC-QTOF-MS and Their Antioxidant Capacity |
| title_fullStr | Metabolic Profiling of Chestnut Shell (<i>Castanea crenata</i>) Cultivars Using UPLC-QTOF-MS and Their Antioxidant Capacity |
| title_full_unstemmed | Metabolic Profiling of Chestnut Shell (<i>Castanea crenata</i>) Cultivars Using UPLC-QTOF-MS and Their Antioxidant Capacity |
| title_short | Metabolic Profiling of Chestnut Shell (<i>Castanea crenata</i>) Cultivars Using UPLC-QTOF-MS and Their Antioxidant Capacity |
| title_sort | metabolic profiling of chestnut shell i castanea crenata i cultivars using uplc qtof ms and their antioxidant capacity |
| topic | metabolic profiling <i>Castanea crenata</i> cultivar chestnut shell antioxidant capacity mass spectrometry |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/12/12/1797 |
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