Exercise rescues mitochondrial coupling in aged skeletal muscle: a comparison of different modalities in preventing sarcopenia
Abstract Skeletal muscle aging is associated with a decline in motor function and loss of muscle mass- a condition known as sarcopenia. The underlying mechanisms that drive this pathology are associated with a failure in energy generation in skeletal muscle, either from age-related decline in mitoch...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2021-02-01
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| Series: | Journal of Translational Medicine |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12967-021-02737-1 |
| _version_ | 1819053474984230912 |
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| author | Colin Harper Venkatesh Gopalan Jorming Goh |
| author_facet | Colin Harper Venkatesh Gopalan Jorming Goh |
| author_sort | Colin Harper |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Skeletal muscle aging is associated with a decline in motor function and loss of muscle mass- a condition known as sarcopenia. The underlying mechanisms that drive this pathology are associated with a failure in energy generation in skeletal muscle, either from age-related decline in mitochondrial function, or from disuse. To an extent, lifelong exercise is efficacious in preserving the energetic properties of skeletal muscle and thus may delay the onset of sarcopenia. This review discusses the cellular and molecular changes in skeletal muscle mitochondria during the aging process and how different exercise modalities work to reverse these changes. A key factor that will be described is the efficiency of mitochondrial coupling—ATP production relative to O2 uptake in myocytes and how that efficiency is a main driver for age-associated decline in skeletal muscle function. With that, we postulate the most effective exercise modality and protocol for reversing the molecular hallmarks of skeletal muscle aging and staving off sarcopenia. Two other concepts pertinent to mitochondrial efficiency in exercise-trained skeletal muscle will be integrated in this review, including- mitophagy, the removal of dysfunctional mitochondrial via autophagy, as well as the implications of muscle fiber type changes with sarcopenia on mitochondrial function. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-21T12:36:19Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-58d096207a634d7f926453146d1c0033 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1479-5876 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-21T12:36:19Z |
| publishDate | 2021-02-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Translational Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-58d096207a634d7f926453146d1c00332022-12-21T19:03:53ZengBMCJournal of Translational Medicine1479-58762021-02-0119111710.1186/s12967-021-02737-1Exercise rescues mitochondrial coupling in aged skeletal muscle: a comparison of different modalities in preventing sarcopeniaColin Harper0Venkatesh Gopalan1Jorming Goh2Clinical Translation Unit (CTU), Tulane UniversityAgency for Science, Technology & Research (A*STAR), Singapore Bioimaging Consortium (SBIC)Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS)Abstract Skeletal muscle aging is associated with a decline in motor function and loss of muscle mass- a condition known as sarcopenia. The underlying mechanisms that drive this pathology are associated with a failure in energy generation in skeletal muscle, either from age-related decline in mitochondrial function, or from disuse. To an extent, lifelong exercise is efficacious in preserving the energetic properties of skeletal muscle and thus may delay the onset of sarcopenia. This review discusses the cellular and molecular changes in skeletal muscle mitochondria during the aging process and how different exercise modalities work to reverse these changes. A key factor that will be described is the efficiency of mitochondrial coupling—ATP production relative to O2 uptake in myocytes and how that efficiency is a main driver for age-associated decline in skeletal muscle function. With that, we postulate the most effective exercise modality and protocol for reversing the molecular hallmarks of skeletal muscle aging and staving off sarcopenia. Two other concepts pertinent to mitochondrial efficiency in exercise-trained skeletal muscle will be integrated in this review, including- mitophagy, the removal of dysfunctional mitochondrial via autophagy, as well as the implications of muscle fiber type changes with sarcopenia on mitochondrial function.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12967-021-02737-1Skeletal muscleMitochondriaAgingExercise |
| spellingShingle | Colin Harper Venkatesh Gopalan Jorming Goh Exercise rescues mitochondrial coupling in aged skeletal muscle: a comparison of different modalities in preventing sarcopenia Journal of Translational Medicine Skeletal muscle Mitochondria Aging Exercise |
| title | Exercise rescues mitochondrial coupling in aged skeletal muscle: a comparison of different modalities in preventing sarcopenia |
| title_full | Exercise rescues mitochondrial coupling in aged skeletal muscle: a comparison of different modalities in preventing sarcopenia |
| title_fullStr | Exercise rescues mitochondrial coupling in aged skeletal muscle: a comparison of different modalities in preventing sarcopenia |
| title_full_unstemmed | Exercise rescues mitochondrial coupling in aged skeletal muscle: a comparison of different modalities in preventing sarcopenia |
| title_short | Exercise rescues mitochondrial coupling in aged skeletal muscle: a comparison of different modalities in preventing sarcopenia |
| title_sort | exercise rescues mitochondrial coupling in aged skeletal muscle a comparison of different modalities in preventing sarcopenia |
| topic | Skeletal muscle Mitochondria Aging Exercise |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12967-021-02737-1 |
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