A Retrospective Assessment of Sputum Samples and Antimicrobial Resistance in COVID-19 Patients
Data on bacterial or fungal pathogens and their impact on the mortality rates of Western Romanian COVID-19 patients are scarce. As a result, the purpose of this research was to determine the prevalence of bacterial and fungal co- and superinfections in Western Romanian adults with COVID-19, hospital...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-04-01
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| Series: | Pathogens |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/12/4/620 |
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| author | Talida Georgiana Cut Adelina Mavrea Alin Adrian Cumpanas Dorin Novacescu Cristian Iulian Oancea Felix Bratosin Adelina Raluca Marinescu Ruxandra Laza Alexandra Mocanu Alexandru Silvius Pescariu Diana Manolescu Raluca Dumache Alexandra Enache Elena Hogea Voichita Elena Lazureanu |
| author_facet | Talida Georgiana Cut Adelina Mavrea Alin Adrian Cumpanas Dorin Novacescu Cristian Iulian Oancea Felix Bratosin Adelina Raluca Marinescu Ruxandra Laza Alexandra Mocanu Alexandru Silvius Pescariu Diana Manolescu Raluca Dumache Alexandra Enache Elena Hogea Voichita Elena Lazureanu |
| author_sort | Talida Georgiana Cut |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Data on bacterial or fungal pathogens and their impact on the mortality rates of Western Romanian COVID-19 patients are scarce. As a result, the purpose of this research was to determine the prevalence of bacterial and fungal co- and superinfections in Western Romanian adults with COVID-19, hospitalized in in-ward settings during the second half of the pandemic, and its distribution according to sociodemographic and clinical conditions. The unicentric retrospective observational study was conducted on 407 eligible patients. Expectorate sputum was selected as the sampling technique followed by routine microbiological investigations. A total of 31.5% of samples tested positive for <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>, followed by 26.2% having co-infections with <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> among patients admitted with COVID-19. The third most common <i>Pathogenic bacteria</i> identified in the sputum samples was <i>Escherichia coli</i>, followed by <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> in 9.3% of samples. Commensal human pathogens caused respiratory infections in 67 patients, the most prevalent being <i>Streptococcus penumoniae</i>, followed by methicillin-sensitive and methicillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>. A total of 53.4% of sputum samples tested positive for <i>Candida</i> spp., followed by 41.1% of samples with <i>Aspergillus</i> spp. growth. The three groups with positive microbial growth on sputum cultures had an equally proportional distribution of patients admitted to the ICU, with an average of 30%, compared with only 17.3% among hospitalized COVID-19 patients with negative sputum cultures (<i>p</i> = 0.003). More than 80% of all positive samples showed multidrug resistance. The high prevalence of bacterial and fungal co-infections and superinfections in COVID-19 patients mandates for strict and effective antimicrobial stewardship and infection control policies. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T04:39:16Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-58d6305cd20e46c98430261df2f058d8 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-0817 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T04:39:16Z |
| publishDate | 2023-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Pathogens |
| spelling | doaj.art-58d6305cd20e46c98430261df2f058d82023-11-17T20:49:19ZengMDPI AGPathogens2076-08172023-04-0112462010.3390/pathogens12040620A Retrospective Assessment of Sputum Samples and Antimicrobial Resistance in COVID-19 PatientsTalida Georgiana Cut0Adelina Mavrea1Alin Adrian Cumpanas2Dorin Novacescu3Cristian Iulian Oancea4Felix Bratosin5Adelina Raluca Marinescu6Ruxandra Laza7Alexandra Mocanu8Alexandru Silvius Pescariu9Diana Manolescu10Raluca Dumache11Alexandra Enache12Elena Hogea13Voichita Elena Lazureanu14Department XIII, Discipline of Infectious Diseases, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, E. Murgu Square, Nr. 2, 300041 Timisoara, RomaniaDepartment VII, Internal Medicine II, Discipline of Cardiology, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, E. Murgu Square, Nr. 2, 300041 Timisoara, RomaniaDepartment XV, Discipline of Urology, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, E. Murgu Square, Nr. 2, 300041 Timisoara, RomaniaDoctoral School, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, E. Murgu Square, Nr. 2, 300041 Timisoara, RomaniaDepartment XIII, Discipline of Pneumology, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, E. Murgu Square, Nr. 2, 300041 Timisoara, RomaniaDepartment XIII, Discipline of Infectious Diseases, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, E. Murgu Square, Nr. 2, 300041 Timisoara, RomaniaDepartment XIII, Discipline of Infectious Diseases, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, E. Murgu Square, Nr. 2, 300041 Timisoara, RomaniaDepartment XIII, Discipline of Infectious Diseases, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, E. Murgu Square, Nr. 2, 300041 Timisoara, RomaniaDepartment XIII, Discipline of Infectious Diseases, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, E. Murgu Square, Nr. 2, 300041 Timisoara, RomaniaAcademy of Romanian Scientists, Splaiul Independentei, Nr. 54, 50085 Bucharest, RomaniaDepartment XV, Discipline of Radiology, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, E. Murgu Square, Nr. 2, 300041 Timisoara, RomaniaCenter for Ethics in Human Genetic Identifications, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, E. Murgu Square, Nr. 2, 300041 Timisoara, RomaniaCenter for Ethics in Human Genetic Identifications, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, E. Murgu Square, Nr. 2, 300041 Timisoara, RomaniaDepartment XIV, Discipline of Microbiology, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, E. Murgu Square, Nr. 2, 300041 Timisoara, RomaniaDepartment XIII, Discipline of Infectious Diseases, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, E. Murgu Square, Nr. 2, 300041 Timisoara, RomaniaData on bacterial or fungal pathogens and their impact on the mortality rates of Western Romanian COVID-19 patients are scarce. As a result, the purpose of this research was to determine the prevalence of bacterial and fungal co- and superinfections in Western Romanian adults with COVID-19, hospitalized in in-ward settings during the second half of the pandemic, and its distribution according to sociodemographic and clinical conditions. The unicentric retrospective observational study was conducted on 407 eligible patients. Expectorate sputum was selected as the sampling technique followed by routine microbiological investigations. A total of 31.5% of samples tested positive for <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>, followed by 26.2% having co-infections with <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> among patients admitted with COVID-19. The third most common <i>Pathogenic bacteria</i> identified in the sputum samples was <i>Escherichia coli</i>, followed by <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> in 9.3% of samples. Commensal human pathogens caused respiratory infections in 67 patients, the most prevalent being <i>Streptococcus penumoniae</i>, followed by methicillin-sensitive and methicillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>. A total of 53.4% of sputum samples tested positive for <i>Candida</i> spp., followed by 41.1% of samples with <i>Aspergillus</i> spp. growth. The three groups with positive microbial growth on sputum cultures had an equally proportional distribution of patients admitted to the ICU, with an average of 30%, compared with only 17.3% among hospitalized COVID-19 patients with negative sputum cultures (<i>p</i> = 0.003). More than 80% of all positive samples showed multidrug resistance. The high prevalence of bacterial and fungal co-infections and superinfections in COVID-19 patients mandates for strict and effective antimicrobial stewardship and infection control policies.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/12/4/620SARS-CoV-2co-infectionsuperinfectionmultidrug resistanceoutcome |
| spellingShingle | Talida Georgiana Cut Adelina Mavrea Alin Adrian Cumpanas Dorin Novacescu Cristian Iulian Oancea Felix Bratosin Adelina Raluca Marinescu Ruxandra Laza Alexandra Mocanu Alexandru Silvius Pescariu Diana Manolescu Raluca Dumache Alexandra Enache Elena Hogea Voichita Elena Lazureanu A Retrospective Assessment of Sputum Samples and Antimicrobial Resistance in COVID-19 Patients Pathogens SARS-CoV-2 co-infection superinfection multidrug resistance outcome |
| title | A Retrospective Assessment of Sputum Samples and Antimicrobial Resistance in COVID-19 Patients |
| title_full | A Retrospective Assessment of Sputum Samples and Antimicrobial Resistance in COVID-19 Patients |
| title_fullStr | A Retrospective Assessment of Sputum Samples and Antimicrobial Resistance in COVID-19 Patients |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Retrospective Assessment of Sputum Samples and Antimicrobial Resistance in COVID-19 Patients |
| title_short | A Retrospective Assessment of Sputum Samples and Antimicrobial Resistance in COVID-19 Patients |
| title_sort | retrospective assessment of sputum samples and antimicrobial resistance in covid 19 patients |
| topic | SARS-CoV-2 co-infection superinfection multidrug resistance outcome |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/12/4/620 |
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