New approaches to the conservation of rare arable plants in Germany
Over the past decades, the rapid improvement of agricultural technology has caused a dramatic decrease of rare arable plants. This process has stimulated the development of various concepts to protect these species such as the field margin program or more recently the program ‘100 fields for biodive...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | deu |
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Julius Kühn-Institut
2014-02-01
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| Series: | Julius-Kühn-Archiv |
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| Online Access: | http://pub.jki.bund.de/index.php/JKA/article/view/2864/3057 |
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| author | Albrecht, Harald Prestele, Julia Altenfelder, Sara Wiesinger, Klaus Kollmann, Johannes |
| author_facet | Albrecht, Harald Prestele, Julia Altenfelder, Sara Wiesinger, Klaus Kollmann, Johannes |
| author_sort | Albrecht, Harald |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Over the past decades, the rapid improvement of agricultural technology has caused a dramatic decrease of rare arable plants. This process has stimulated the development of various concepts to protect these species such as the field margin program or more recently the program ‘100 fields for biodiversity’. For fields with sandy or calcareous soils, management practices to conserve the specific arable flora are well explored. For occasionally wet sites, however, which may also harbour various threatened species, little is known about suitable site conditions and conservation management. Studying seven seasonally flooded field sites close to Parstein (Brandenburg) showed that the flooding regime and particularly the duration of flooding strongly affect the composition of the apparent plant communities. Effects of different arable farming practices on the populations of the two target species Myosurus minimus and Elatine alsinastrum were less pronounced. Another urgent problem of arable plant conservation is that rare species frequently grow at sites where they are threatened by current cultivation. As management is less intense under organic farming, this system could provide suitable conditions for the conservation of threatened species. However, locally extinct species need to be actively reintroduced to overcome dispersal limitations. How these plants can be successfully established in fields under organic farming was studied in a field trial at Gräfelfing (Bavaria). Preliminary results on the winter annuals Legousia speculum-veneris and Consolida regalis indicate that rare arable plants can be successfully introduced to organic fields. Early autumn sowing and a low crop competition provide the most favourable conditions for their establishment. At reduced sowing rates, winter spelt allowed a much better establishment than winter rye. If the idea of transferring rare arable plants to organic farmland establishes in practice, results of this study could substantially contribute to the conservation of rare species in arable landscapes. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-16T07:40:36Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-58de5e643192469b8f1d66934012d493 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1868-9892 1868-9892 |
| language | deu |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-16T07:40:36Z |
| publishDate | 2014-02-01 |
| publisher | Julius Kühn-Institut |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Julius-Kühn-Archiv |
| spelling | doaj.art-58de5e643192469b8f1d66934012d4932022-12-21T22:39:05ZdeuJulius Kühn-InstitutJulius-Kühn-Archiv1868-98921868-98922014-02-0144318018910.5073/jka.2014.443.021New approaches to the conservation of rare arable plants in GermanyAlbrecht, HaraldPrestele, JuliaAltenfelder, SaraWiesinger, KlausKollmann, JohannesOver the past decades, the rapid improvement of agricultural technology has caused a dramatic decrease of rare arable plants. This process has stimulated the development of various concepts to protect these species such as the field margin program or more recently the program ‘100 fields for biodiversity’. For fields with sandy or calcareous soils, management practices to conserve the specific arable flora are well explored. For occasionally wet sites, however, which may also harbour various threatened species, little is known about suitable site conditions and conservation management. Studying seven seasonally flooded field sites close to Parstein (Brandenburg) showed that the flooding regime and particularly the duration of flooding strongly affect the composition of the apparent plant communities. Effects of different arable farming practices on the populations of the two target species Myosurus minimus and Elatine alsinastrum were less pronounced. Another urgent problem of arable plant conservation is that rare species frequently grow at sites where they are threatened by current cultivation. As management is less intense under organic farming, this system could provide suitable conditions for the conservation of threatened species. However, locally extinct species need to be actively reintroduced to overcome dispersal limitations. How these plants can be successfully established in fields under organic farming was studied in a field trial at Gräfelfing (Bavaria). Preliminary results on the winter annuals Legousia speculum-veneris and Consolida regalis indicate that rare arable plants can be successfully introduced to organic fields. Early autumn sowing and a low crop competition provide the most favourable conditions for their establishment. At reduced sowing rates, winter spelt allowed a much better establishment than winter rye. If the idea of transferring rare arable plants to organic farmland establishes in practice, results of this study could substantially contribute to the conservation of rare species in arable landscapes.http://pub.jki.bund.de/index.php/JKA/article/view/2864/3057arable weedfloodingmanagementorganic farmingspecies transferthreatened specieswet field |
| spellingShingle | Albrecht, Harald Prestele, Julia Altenfelder, Sara Wiesinger, Klaus Kollmann, Johannes New approaches to the conservation of rare arable plants in Germany Julius-Kühn-Archiv arable weed flooding management organic farming species transfer threatened species wet field |
| title | New approaches to the conservation of rare arable plants in Germany |
| title_full | New approaches to the conservation of rare arable plants in Germany |
| title_fullStr | New approaches to the conservation of rare arable plants in Germany |
| title_full_unstemmed | New approaches to the conservation of rare arable plants in Germany |
| title_short | New approaches to the conservation of rare arable plants in Germany |
| title_sort | new approaches to the conservation of rare arable plants in germany |
| topic | arable weed flooding management organic farming species transfer threatened species wet field |
| url | http://pub.jki.bund.de/index.php/JKA/article/view/2864/3057 |
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