Green Synthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles from Pomegranate (<i>Punica granatum</i>) Extracts and Characterization of Their Antibacterial Activity
This study assessed the antimicrobial efficacy of synthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles produced using aqueous extracts of pomegranate leaves and flowers designated ZnO-NPs-PL, ZnO-NPs-PF. In the study, oxides of zinc were successfully employed to fabricate nanoparticles using extracts from leaves an...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-10-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/25/19/4521 |
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| author | Ugochi Lydia Ifeanyichukwu Omolola Esther Fayemi Collins Njie Ateba |
| author_facet | Ugochi Lydia Ifeanyichukwu Omolola Esther Fayemi Collins Njie Ateba |
| author_sort | Ugochi Lydia Ifeanyichukwu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This study assessed the antimicrobial efficacy of synthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles produced using aqueous extracts of pomegranate leaves and flowers designated ZnO-NPs-PL, ZnO-NPs-PF. In the study, oxides of zinc were successfully employed to fabricate nanoparticles using extracts from leaves and flowers of pomegranate (<i>Punica granatum</i>). The nanoparticles obtained were characterized spectroscopically. X-ray diffractive analysis (XRD) revealed the elemental components and nature of the synthesized particles. The fabricated zinc oxide nanoparticle (ZnO-NPs) showed a crystalline structure. The morphology of the nanoparticles as shown by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was unevenly spherical and the functional groups involved in stabilization, reduction and capping were confirmed using Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FT-IR) Spectroscopy. Confirmation of the nanoparticles by UV–Vis analysis showed absorption bands of 284 and 357 nm for pomegranate leaf and flower extract, respectively, mediated ZnO-NPs. Evaluation of the antimicrobial efficacy of the fabricated nanoparticles showed that ZnO-NPs were effective against all selected pathogenic strains, <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, <i>Bacillus cereus</i>, <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>, <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i>, <i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i>, <i>Salmonella diarizonae</i>, <i>Salmonella typhi</i>, <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i>, <i>Enterococcus faecium</i>, <i>Escherichia coli</i>, <i>Moraxella catarrhalis</i>, <i>Aeromonas hydrophila and Listeria monocytogenes</i>, used in the analysis. The effectiveness of these nanoparticles could be linked to their sizes and shapes as obtained using a transmission electron microscope (TEM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Our reports revealed that increasing the concentration of the nanoparticles resulted in an increase in the antibacterial activity exerted by the nanoparticles, thus suggesting that both ZnO-NPs can effectively be used as alternative antibacterial agents. Further research is required to assess their mechanisms of action and toxicity. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T15:52:51Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-58fad308bcf04a048c4520760d7c7d8a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T15:52:51Z |
| publishDate | 2020-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-58fad308bcf04a048c4520760d7c7d8a2023-11-20T15:54:00ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492020-10-012519452110.3390/molecules25194521Green Synthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles from Pomegranate (<i>Punica granatum</i>) Extracts and Characterization of Their Antibacterial ActivityUgochi Lydia Ifeanyichukwu0Omolola Esther Fayemi1Collins Njie Ateba2Food Security and Safety Niche Area, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North West University, Private Bag X2046, Mmabatho 2735, South AfricaDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North West University, Private Bag X2046, Mmabatho 2735, South AfricaFood Security and Safety Niche Area, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North West University, Private Bag X2046, Mmabatho 2735, South AfricaThis study assessed the antimicrobial efficacy of synthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles produced using aqueous extracts of pomegranate leaves and flowers designated ZnO-NPs-PL, ZnO-NPs-PF. In the study, oxides of zinc were successfully employed to fabricate nanoparticles using extracts from leaves and flowers of pomegranate (<i>Punica granatum</i>). The nanoparticles obtained were characterized spectroscopically. X-ray diffractive analysis (XRD) revealed the elemental components and nature of the synthesized particles. The fabricated zinc oxide nanoparticle (ZnO-NPs) showed a crystalline structure. The morphology of the nanoparticles as shown by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was unevenly spherical and the functional groups involved in stabilization, reduction and capping were confirmed using Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FT-IR) Spectroscopy. Confirmation of the nanoparticles by UV–Vis analysis showed absorption bands of 284 and 357 nm for pomegranate leaf and flower extract, respectively, mediated ZnO-NPs. Evaluation of the antimicrobial efficacy of the fabricated nanoparticles showed that ZnO-NPs were effective against all selected pathogenic strains, <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, <i>Bacillus cereus</i>, <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>, <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i>, <i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i>, <i>Salmonella diarizonae</i>, <i>Salmonella typhi</i>, <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i>, <i>Enterococcus faecium</i>, <i>Escherichia coli</i>, <i>Moraxella catarrhalis</i>, <i>Aeromonas hydrophila and Listeria monocytogenes</i>, used in the analysis. The effectiveness of these nanoparticles could be linked to their sizes and shapes as obtained using a transmission electron microscope (TEM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Our reports revealed that increasing the concentration of the nanoparticles resulted in an increase in the antibacterial activity exerted by the nanoparticles, thus suggesting that both ZnO-NPs can effectively be used as alternative antibacterial agents. Further research is required to assess their mechanisms of action and toxicity.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/25/19/4521biosynthesisnanoparticlesbiocontrolantimicrobial efficacy |
| spellingShingle | Ugochi Lydia Ifeanyichukwu Omolola Esther Fayemi Collins Njie Ateba Green Synthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles from Pomegranate (<i>Punica granatum</i>) Extracts and Characterization of Their Antibacterial Activity Molecules biosynthesis nanoparticles biocontrol antimicrobial efficacy |
| title | Green Synthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles from Pomegranate (<i>Punica granatum</i>) Extracts and Characterization of Their Antibacterial Activity |
| title_full | Green Synthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles from Pomegranate (<i>Punica granatum</i>) Extracts and Characterization of Their Antibacterial Activity |
| title_fullStr | Green Synthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles from Pomegranate (<i>Punica granatum</i>) Extracts and Characterization of Their Antibacterial Activity |
| title_full_unstemmed | Green Synthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles from Pomegranate (<i>Punica granatum</i>) Extracts and Characterization of Their Antibacterial Activity |
| title_short | Green Synthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles from Pomegranate (<i>Punica granatum</i>) Extracts and Characterization of Their Antibacterial Activity |
| title_sort | green synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles from pomegranate i punica granatum i extracts and characterization of their antibacterial activity |
| topic | biosynthesis nanoparticles biocontrol antimicrobial efficacy |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/25/19/4521 |
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