Value of GCET1, HGAL (GCET2), and LMO2 in the Determination of Germinal Center Phenotype in Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma
Objective: Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is a biologically heterogeneous disease that is classified into germinal center B-cell (GCB) and non-GCB subtypes, which are prognostically different. The Hans algorithm is the most widely used tool based on CD10, BCL6, and MUM1 expression, but some c...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Galenos Publishing House
2023-08-01
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| Series: | Turkish Journal of Hematology |
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| Online Access: | https://jag.journalagent.com/z4/download_fulltext.asp?pdir=tjh&un=TJH-22844 |
| _version_ | 1797729167328935936 |
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| author | Neslihan Berker Yasemin Özlük Gulcin Yegen İbrahim Öner Doğan |
| author_facet | Neslihan Berker Yasemin Özlük Gulcin Yegen İbrahim Öner Doğan |
| author_sort | Neslihan Berker |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Objective: Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is a biologically heterogeneous disease that is classified into germinal center B-cell (GCB) and non-GCB subtypes, which are prognostically different. The Hans algorithm is the most widely used tool based on CD10, BCL6, and MUM1 expression, but some cases with the non-GCB phenotype are still known to be misclassified. In this study, we investigate the extent to which GCET1, HGAL, and LMO2 protein expressions reflect GCB phenotype together with their roles in determining the GCB phenotype of DLBCL and their contributions to the performance of the Hans algorithm. Materials and Methods: Sixty-five cases of DLBCL-not otherwise specified, 40 cases of follicular lymphoma (FL), and 19 non-GC-derived lymphoma cases were included in this study. The DLBCL cases were grouped as CD10+ (Group A) or only MUM1+ (Group B), and the remaining cases constituted the intermediate group (Group C). GCET1, HGAL, and LMO2 expressions were evaluated. Results: In the FL group, GCET1, HGAL, and LMO2 were positive in 85%, 77.5%, and 100% of the cases, respectively. Among the non-GCderived lymphoma cases, all three markers were negative in cases of small lymphocytic lymphoma, plasmablastic lymphoma, peripheral T-cell lymphoma, and anaplastic large cell lymphoma. GCET1 and HGAL were negative in cases of marginal zone lymphoma (MZL) and mantle cell lymphoma (MCL). Two of the 3 MZL and 2 of the 4 MCL cases were positive for LMO2. In the DLBCL group, the number of cases with GCET1, HGAL, and LMO2 positivity was 18 (90%), 17 (85%), and 20 (100%), respectively, in Group A and 0 (0%), 2 (13.3%), and 2 (13.3%), respectively, in Group B. Considering these rates, when the cases in the intermediate group were evaluated, it was concluded that 13 cases typed as non-GCB according to the Hans algorithm may have the GCB phenotype. Conclusion: GCET1, HGAL, and LMO2 are highly sensitive markers for determining the germinal center cell phenotype and can increase the accuracy of the subclassification of DLBCL cases, especially for cases that are negative for CD10. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T11:26:06Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-58fcd8fe699e4c96ae55b06319b6d5bd |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1308-5263 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T11:26:06Z |
| publishDate | 2023-08-01 |
| publisher | Galenos Publishing House |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Turkish Journal of Hematology |
| spelling | doaj.art-58fcd8fe699e4c96ae55b06319b6d5bd2023-09-01T08:46:20ZengGalenos Publishing HouseTurkish Journal of Hematology1308-52632023-08-0140316217310.4274/tjh.galenos.2023.2023.0110TJH-22844Value of GCET1, HGAL (GCET2), and LMO2 in the Determination of Germinal Center Phenotype in Diffuse Large B-cell LymphomaNeslihan Berker0Yasemin Özlük1Gulcin Yegen2İbrahim Öner Doğan3Department of Pathology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, TürkiyeDepartment of Pathology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, TürkiyeDepartment of Pathology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Türkiyeİstanbul University İstanbul Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, İstanbul, Türkiye; Koç University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, İstanbul, TürkiyeObjective: Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is a biologically heterogeneous disease that is classified into germinal center B-cell (GCB) and non-GCB subtypes, which are prognostically different. The Hans algorithm is the most widely used tool based on CD10, BCL6, and MUM1 expression, but some cases with the non-GCB phenotype are still known to be misclassified. In this study, we investigate the extent to which GCET1, HGAL, and LMO2 protein expressions reflect GCB phenotype together with their roles in determining the GCB phenotype of DLBCL and their contributions to the performance of the Hans algorithm. Materials and Methods: Sixty-five cases of DLBCL-not otherwise specified, 40 cases of follicular lymphoma (FL), and 19 non-GC-derived lymphoma cases were included in this study. The DLBCL cases were grouped as CD10+ (Group A) or only MUM1+ (Group B), and the remaining cases constituted the intermediate group (Group C). GCET1, HGAL, and LMO2 expressions were evaluated. Results: In the FL group, GCET1, HGAL, and LMO2 were positive in 85%, 77.5%, and 100% of the cases, respectively. Among the non-GCderived lymphoma cases, all three markers were negative in cases of small lymphocytic lymphoma, plasmablastic lymphoma, peripheral T-cell lymphoma, and anaplastic large cell lymphoma. GCET1 and HGAL were negative in cases of marginal zone lymphoma (MZL) and mantle cell lymphoma (MCL). Two of the 3 MZL and 2 of the 4 MCL cases were positive for LMO2. In the DLBCL group, the number of cases with GCET1, HGAL, and LMO2 positivity was 18 (90%), 17 (85%), and 20 (100%), respectively, in Group A and 0 (0%), 2 (13.3%), and 2 (13.3%), respectively, in Group B. Considering these rates, when the cases in the intermediate group were evaluated, it was concluded that 13 cases typed as non-GCB according to the Hans algorithm may have the GCB phenotype. Conclusion: GCET1, HGAL, and LMO2 are highly sensitive markers for determining the germinal center cell phenotype and can increase the accuracy of the subclassification of DLBCL cases, especially for cases that are negative for CD10.https://jag.journalagent.com/z4/download_fulltext.asp?pdir=tjh&un=TJH-22844diffuse large b-cell lymphomaimmunohistochemistrygcet1gcet2 (hgal)lmo2hans algorithm |
| spellingShingle | Neslihan Berker Yasemin Özlük Gulcin Yegen İbrahim Öner Doğan Value of GCET1, HGAL (GCET2), and LMO2 in the Determination of Germinal Center Phenotype in Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma Turkish Journal of Hematology diffuse large b-cell lymphoma immunohistochemistry gcet1 gcet2 (hgal) lmo2 hans algorithm |
| title | Value of GCET1, HGAL (GCET2), and LMO2 in the Determination of Germinal Center Phenotype in Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma |
| title_full | Value of GCET1, HGAL (GCET2), and LMO2 in the Determination of Germinal Center Phenotype in Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma |
| title_fullStr | Value of GCET1, HGAL (GCET2), and LMO2 in the Determination of Germinal Center Phenotype in Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma |
| title_full_unstemmed | Value of GCET1, HGAL (GCET2), and LMO2 in the Determination of Germinal Center Phenotype in Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma |
| title_short | Value of GCET1, HGAL (GCET2), and LMO2 in the Determination of Germinal Center Phenotype in Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma |
| title_sort | value of gcet1 hgal gcet2 and lmo2 in the determination of germinal center phenotype in diffuse large b cell lymphoma |
| topic | diffuse large b-cell lymphoma immunohistochemistry gcet1 gcet2 (hgal) lmo2 hans algorithm |
| url | https://jag.journalagent.com/z4/download_fulltext.asp?pdir=tjh&un=TJH-22844 |
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