Phytochemicals, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Potentials and LC-MS Analysis of <i>Centaurea parviflora</i> Desf. Extracts
<i>Centaurea parviflora</i> (<i>C. parviflora</i>), belonging to the family Asteraceae, is an Algerian medicinal plant used in folk medicine to treat different diseases related to hyperglycemic and inflammatory disorders, as well as in food. The present study aimed to assess...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2023-02-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| author | Fatima Zohra Hechaichi Hamdi Bendif Chawki Bensouici Sulaiman A. Alsalamah Boutheina Zaidi Mustapha Mounir Bouhenna Nabila Souilah Mohammed I. Alghonaim Abderrahim Benslama Samir Medjekal Ashraf A. Qurtam Mohamed Djamel Miara Fehmi Boufahja |
| author_facet | Fatima Zohra Hechaichi Hamdi Bendif Chawki Bensouici Sulaiman A. Alsalamah Boutheina Zaidi Mustapha Mounir Bouhenna Nabila Souilah Mohammed I. Alghonaim Abderrahim Benslama Samir Medjekal Ashraf A. Qurtam Mohamed Djamel Miara Fehmi Boufahja |
| author_sort | Fatima Zohra Hechaichi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Centaurea parviflora</i> (<i>C. parviflora</i>), belonging to the family Asteraceae, is an Algerian medicinal plant used in folk medicine to treat different diseases related to hyperglycemic and inflammatory disorders, as well as in food. The present study aimed to assess the total phenolic content, in vitro antioxidant and antimicrobial activity and phytochemical profile of the extracts of <i>C. parviflora</i>. The extraction of phenolic compounds from aerial parts was conducted using solvents of increasing polarity starting from methanol, resulting in crude extract (CE), to chloroform extract (CHE), ethyl acetate extract (EAE) and butanol extract (BUE). The total phenolic, flavonoid and flavonol contents of the extracts were determined using the Folin–Ciocalteu and AlCl<sub>3</sub> methods, respectively. The antioxidant activity was measured with seven methods: 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay, galvinoxyl free-radical-scavenging test, 2,2′-Azino-Bis(3-Ethylbenzothiazoline-6-Sulfonic Acid) (ABTS) assay, cupric reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC), reducing power, Fe<sup>+2</sup>-phenanthroline reduction assay and superoxide-scavenging test. The disc-diffusion method aimed at testing the sensitivity of bacterial strains toward our extracts. A qualitative analysis with thin-layer chromatography of the methanolic extract was performed. Moreover, HPLC-DAD-MS was used to establish the phytochemical profile of the BUE. The BUE was found to contain high amounts of total phenolics (175.27 ± 2.79 µg GAE/mg E), flavonoids (59.89 ± 0.91 µg QE/mg E) and flavonols (47.30 ± 0.51 µg RE/mg E). Using TLC, different components such as flavonoids and polyphenols were noted. The highest radical-scavenging ability was recorded for the BUE against DPPH (IC<sub>50</sub> = 59.38 ± 0.72 µg/mL), galvinoxyl (IC<sub>50</sub> = 36.25 ± 0.42 µg/mL), ABTS (IC<sub>50</sub> = 49.52 ± 1.54 µg/mL) and superoxide (IC<sub>50</sub> = 13.61 ± 0.38 µg/mL). The BUE had the best reducing power according to the CUPRAC (A<sub>0.5</sub> = 71.80 ± 1.22 μg/mL), phenanthroline test (A<sub>0.5</sub> = 20.29 ± 1.16 μg/mL) and FRAP (A<sub>0.5</sub> = 119.17 ± 0.29 μg/mL). The LC-MS analysis of BUE allowed us to identify eight compounds including six phenolic acids and two flavonoids: quinic acid, five chlorogenic acid derivatives, rutin and quercetin 3-<i><span style="font-variant: small-caps;">o</span></i>-glucoside. This preliminary investigation revealed that the extracts of <i>C. parviflora</i> have a good biopharmaceutical activity. The BUE possesses an interesting potential for pharmaceutical/nutraceutical applications. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T07:16:28Z |
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| id | doaj.art-5903c680658e4c0f9cec7b4387f71551 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T07:16:28Z |
| publishDate | 2023-02-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-5903c680658e4c0f9cec7b4387f715512023-11-17T08:14:24ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492023-02-01285226310.3390/molecules28052263Phytochemicals, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Potentials and LC-MS Analysis of <i>Centaurea parviflora</i> Desf. ExtractsFatima Zohra Hechaichi0Hamdi Bendif1Chawki Bensouici2Sulaiman A. Alsalamah3Boutheina Zaidi4Mustapha Mounir Bouhenna5Nabila Souilah6Mohammed I. Alghonaim7Abderrahim Benslama8Samir Medjekal9Ashraf A. Qurtam10Mohamed Djamel Miara11Fehmi Boufahja12Biodiversity and Biotechnological Techniques for Plant Resources Valorization Laboratory, Department of Natural and Life Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, University of Msila, Msila 28000, AlgeriaBiodiversity and Biotechnological Techniques for Plant Resources Valorization Laboratory, Department of Natural and Life Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, University of Msila, Msila 28000, AlgeriaBiotechnology Research Center, UV 03, BP E7, Ali Mendjeli, Constantine 25000, AlgeriaBiology Department, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11623, Saudi ArabiaFaculty of Nature and Life Sciences, University of Constantine, Constantine 25000, AlgeriaScientific and Technical Research Center in Physico-Chemical Analysis, Algiers 16000, AlgeriaLaboratory for the Optimization of Agricultural Production in Sub-Humid Zones (LOPAZS), Department of Agricultural Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, University of Skikda, Skikda 21000, AlgeriaBiology Department, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11623, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Microbiology and Biochemistry, University of Msila, Msila 28000, AlgeriaDepartment of Microbiology and Biochemistry, University of Msila, Msila 28000, AlgeriaBiology Department, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11623, Saudi ArabiaDepartment and Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, University of Tiaret, Tiaret 14000, AlgeriaBiology Department, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia<i>Centaurea parviflora</i> (<i>C. parviflora</i>), belonging to the family Asteraceae, is an Algerian medicinal plant used in folk medicine to treat different diseases related to hyperglycemic and inflammatory disorders, as well as in food. The present study aimed to assess the total phenolic content, in vitro antioxidant and antimicrobial activity and phytochemical profile of the extracts of <i>C. parviflora</i>. The extraction of phenolic compounds from aerial parts was conducted using solvents of increasing polarity starting from methanol, resulting in crude extract (CE), to chloroform extract (CHE), ethyl acetate extract (EAE) and butanol extract (BUE). The total phenolic, flavonoid and flavonol contents of the extracts were determined using the Folin–Ciocalteu and AlCl<sub>3</sub> methods, respectively. The antioxidant activity was measured with seven methods: 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay, galvinoxyl free-radical-scavenging test, 2,2′-Azino-Bis(3-Ethylbenzothiazoline-6-Sulfonic Acid) (ABTS) assay, cupric reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC), reducing power, Fe<sup>+2</sup>-phenanthroline reduction assay and superoxide-scavenging test. The disc-diffusion method aimed at testing the sensitivity of bacterial strains toward our extracts. A qualitative analysis with thin-layer chromatography of the methanolic extract was performed. Moreover, HPLC-DAD-MS was used to establish the phytochemical profile of the BUE. The BUE was found to contain high amounts of total phenolics (175.27 ± 2.79 µg GAE/mg E), flavonoids (59.89 ± 0.91 µg QE/mg E) and flavonols (47.30 ± 0.51 µg RE/mg E). Using TLC, different components such as flavonoids and polyphenols were noted. The highest radical-scavenging ability was recorded for the BUE against DPPH (IC<sub>50</sub> = 59.38 ± 0.72 µg/mL), galvinoxyl (IC<sub>50</sub> = 36.25 ± 0.42 µg/mL), ABTS (IC<sub>50</sub> = 49.52 ± 1.54 µg/mL) and superoxide (IC<sub>50</sub> = 13.61 ± 0.38 µg/mL). The BUE had the best reducing power according to the CUPRAC (A<sub>0.5</sub> = 71.80 ± 1.22 μg/mL), phenanthroline test (A<sub>0.5</sub> = 20.29 ± 1.16 μg/mL) and FRAP (A<sub>0.5</sub> = 119.17 ± 0.29 μg/mL). The LC-MS analysis of BUE allowed us to identify eight compounds including six phenolic acids and two flavonoids: quinic acid, five chlorogenic acid derivatives, rutin and quercetin 3-<i><span style="font-variant: small-caps;">o</span></i>-glucoside. This preliminary investigation revealed that the extracts of <i>C. parviflora</i> have a good biopharmaceutical activity. The BUE possesses an interesting potential for pharmaceutical/nutraceutical applications.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/5/2263antioxidant activityantimicrobialTLC<i>Centaurea parviflora</i>LC-MSflavonoids |
| spellingShingle | Fatima Zohra Hechaichi Hamdi Bendif Chawki Bensouici Sulaiman A. Alsalamah Boutheina Zaidi Mustapha Mounir Bouhenna Nabila Souilah Mohammed I. Alghonaim Abderrahim Benslama Samir Medjekal Ashraf A. Qurtam Mohamed Djamel Miara Fehmi Boufahja Phytochemicals, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Potentials and LC-MS Analysis of <i>Centaurea parviflora</i> Desf. Extracts Molecules antioxidant activity antimicrobial TLC <i>Centaurea parviflora</i> LC-MS flavonoids |
| title | Phytochemicals, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Potentials and LC-MS Analysis of <i>Centaurea parviflora</i> Desf. Extracts |
| title_full | Phytochemicals, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Potentials and LC-MS Analysis of <i>Centaurea parviflora</i> Desf. Extracts |
| title_fullStr | Phytochemicals, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Potentials and LC-MS Analysis of <i>Centaurea parviflora</i> Desf. Extracts |
| title_full_unstemmed | Phytochemicals, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Potentials and LC-MS Analysis of <i>Centaurea parviflora</i> Desf. Extracts |
| title_short | Phytochemicals, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Potentials and LC-MS Analysis of <i>Centaurea parviflora</i> Desf. Extracts |
| title_sort | phytochemicals antioxidant and antimicrobial potentials and lc ms analysis of i centaurea parviflora i desf extracts |
| topic | antioxidant activity antimicrobial TLC <i>Centaurea parviflora</i> LC-MS flavonoids |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/5/2263 |
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