Simultaneous Heavy Metal-Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Removal by Native Tunisian Fungal Species
Multi-contamination by organic pollutants and toxic metals is common in anthropogenic and industrial environments. In this study, the five fungal strains <i>Chaetomium jodhpurense</i> (MH667651.1), <i>Chaetomium maderasense</i> (MH665977.1), <i>Paraconiothyrium variabil...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2023-02-01
|
| Series: | Journal of Fungi |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/9/3/299 |
| _version_ | 1797610794811129856 |
|---|---|
| author | Neila Hkiri Dario R. Olicón-Hernández Clementina Pozo Chedly Chouchani Nedra Asses Elisabet Aranda |
| author_facet | Neila Hkiri Dario R. Olicón-Hernández Clementina Pozo Chedly Chouchani Nedra Asses Elisabet Aranda |
| author_sort | Neila Hkiri |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Multi-contamination by organic pollutants and toxic metals is common in anthropogenic and industrial environments. In this study, the five fungal strains <i>Chaetomium jodhpurense</i> (MH667651.1), <i>Chaetomium maderasense</i> (MH665977.1), <i>Paraconiothyrium variabile</i> (MH667653.1), <i>Emmia lacerata</i>, and <i>Phoma betae</i> (MH667655.1), previously isolated in Tunisia, were investigated for the simultaneous removal and detoxification of phenanthrene (PHE) and benzo[a]anthracene (BAA), as well as heavy metals (HMs) (Cu, Zn, Pb and Ag) in Kirk’s media. The removal was analysed using HPLC, ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) coupled to a QToF mass spectrometer, transmission electron microscopy, and toxicology was assessed using phytotoxicity (<i>Lepidium sativum</i> seeds) and Microtox<sup>®</sup> (<i>Allivibrio fisherii</i>) assays. The PHE and BAA degradation rates, in free HMs cultures, reached 78.8% and 70.7%, respectively. However, the addition of HMs considerably affected the BAA degradation rate. The highest degradation rates were associated with the significant production of manganese-peroxidase, lignin peroxidase, and unspecific peroxygenase. The Zn and Cu removal efficacy was considerably higher with live cells than dead cells. Transmission electron microscopy confirmed the involvement of both bioaccumulation and biosorption processes in fungal HM removal. The environmental toxicological assays proved that simultaneous PAH and HM removal was accompanied by detoxification. The metabolites produced during co-treatment were not toxic for plant tissues, and the acute toxicity was reduced. The obtained results indicate that the tested fungi can be applied in the remediation of sites simultaneously contaminated with PAHs and HMs. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T06:20:03Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-590599e6e2c644fbb9c576b00e631658 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2309-608X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T06:20:03Z |
| publishDate | 2023-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Fungi |
| spelling | doaj.art-590599e6e2c644fbb9c576b00e6316582023-11-17T11:59:37ZengMDPI AGJournal of Fungi2309-608X2023-02-019329910.3390/jof9030299Simultaneous Heavy Metal-Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Removal by Native Tunisian Fungal SpeciesNeila Hkiri0Dario R. Olicón-Hernández1Clementina Pozo2Chedly Chouchani3Nedra Asses4Elisabet Aranda5Institute of Water Research, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, SpainLaboratorio de Bioquímica y Biotecnología de Hongos, Departamento de Microbiología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México 07738, MexicoInstitute of Water Research, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, SpainLaboratory of Environmental Sciences and Technologies, Higher Institute of Sciences and Technologies of the Environment, University of Carthage, Tunis 1000, TunisiaLaboratory of Microbial Ecology and Technology, National Institute of Applied Science and Technology, University of Carthage, Tunis 1000, TunisiaInstitute of Water Research, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, SpainMulti-contamination by organic pollutants and toxic metals is common in anthropogenic and industrial environments. In this study, the five fungal strains <i>Chaetomium jodhpurense</i> (MH667651.1), <i>Chaetomium maderasense</i> (MH665977.1), <i>Paraconiothyrium variabile</i> (MH667653.1), <i>Emmia lacerata</i>, and <i>Phoma betae</i> (MH667655.1), previously isolated in Tunisia, were investigated for the simultaneous removal and detoxification of phenanthrene (PHE) and benzo[a]anthracene (BAA), as well as heavy metals (HMs) (Cu, Zn, Pb and Ag) in Kirk’s media. The removal was analysed using HPLC, ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) coupled to a QToF mass spectrometer, transmission electron microscopy, and toxicology was assessed using phytotoxicity (<i>Lepidium sativum</i> seeds) and Microtox<sup>®</sup> (<i>Allivibrio fisherii</i>) assays. The PHE and BAA degradation rates, in free HMs cultures, reached 78.8% and 70.7%, respectively. However, the addition of HMs considerably affected the BAA degradation rate. The highest degradation rates were associated with the significant production of manganese-peroxidase, lignin peroxidase, and unspecific peroxygenase. The Zn and Cu removal efficacy was considerably higher with live cells than dead cells. Transmission electron microscopy confirmed the involvement of both bioaccumulation and biosorption processes in fungal HM removal. The environmental toxicological assays proved that simultaneous PAH and HM removal was accompanied by detoxification. The metabolites produced during co-treatment were not toxic for plant tissues, and the acute toxicity was reduced. The obtained results indicate that the tested fungi can be applied in the remediation of sites simultaneously contaminated with PAHs and HMs.https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/9/3/299polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbonsheavy metalsascomycetes fungimycoremediationphenanthreneextracellular enzymes |
| spellingShingle | Neila Hkiri Dario R. Olicón-Hernández Clementina Pozo Chedly Chouchani Nedra Asses Elisabet Aranda Simultaneous Heavy Metal-Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Removal by Native Tunisian Fungal Species Journal of Fungi polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons heavy metals ascomycetes fungi mycoremediation phenanthrene extracellular enzymes |
| title | Simultaneous Heavy Metal-Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Removal by Native Tunisian Fungal Species |
| title_full | Simultaneous Heavy Metal-Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Removal by Native Tunisian Fungal Species |
| title_fullStr | Simultaneous Heavy Metal-Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Removal by Native Tunisian Fungal Species |
| title_full_unstemmed | Simultaneous Heavy Metal-Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Removal by Native Tunisian Fungal Species |
| title_short | Simultaneous Heavy Metal-Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Removal by Native Tunisian Fungal Species |
| title_sort | simultaneous heavy metal polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon removal by native tunisian fungal species |
| topic | polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons heavy metals ascomycetes fungi mycoremediation phenanthrene extracellular enzymes |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/9/3/299 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT neilahkiri simultaneousheavymetalpolycyclicaromatichydrocarbonremovalbynativetunisianfungalspecies AT darioroliconhernandez simultaneousheavymetalpolycyclicaromatichydrocarbonremovalbynativetunisianfungalspecies AT clementinapozo simultaneousheavymetalpolycyclicaromatichydrocarbonremovalbynativetunisianfungalspecies AT chedlychouchani simultaneousheavymetalpolycyclicaromatichydrocarbonremovalbynativetunisianfungalspecies AT nedraasses simultaneousheavymetalpolycyclicaromatichydrocarbonremovalbynativetunisianfungalspecies AT elisabetaranda simultaneousheavymetalpolycyclicaromatichydrocarbonremovalbynativetunisianfungalspecies |