Accumulation and Transmission of ‘<i>Candidatus</i> Liberibacter solanacearum’ Haplotypes by the Nymphs of Two Psyllid Vectors
‘<i>Candidatus</i> Liberibacter solanacearum’ (Lso) is a plant pathogenic bacterium transmitted by psyllids that causes significant agricultural damage. Several Lso haplotypes have been reported. Among them, LsoA and LsoB are transmitted by the potato psyllid <i>Bactericera cockere...
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MDPI AG
2023-12-01
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| Series: | Insects |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/14/12/956 |
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| author | Junepyo Oh Maria Azucena Mendoza Herrera Brenda Leal-Galvan Svetlana Kontsedalov Murad Ghanim Cecilia Tamborindeguy |
| author_facet | Junepyo Oh Maria Azucena Mendoza Herrera Brenda Leal-Galvan Svetlana Kontsedalov Murad Ghanim Cecilia Tamborindeguy |
| author_sort | Junepyo Oh |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | ‘<i>Candidatus</i> Liberibacter solanacearum’ (Lso) is a plant pathogenic bacterium transmitted by psyllids that causes significant agricultural damage. Several Lso haplotypes have been reported. Among them, LsoA and LsoB are transmitted by the potato psyllid <i>Bactericera cockerelli</i> and infect solanaceous crops, and LsoD is transmitted by the carrot psyllid <i>B. trigonica</i> and infects apiaceous crops. Several studies evaluated the transmission of these haplotypes by adult psyllids. However, fewer data are available on the transmission of different Lso haplotypes by psyllid nymphs. In this study, we investigated the transmission of these three haplotypes by psyllid nymphs to expand our basic understanding of Lso transmission. Specifically, the objective was to determine if the haplotypes differed in their transmission rates by nymphs and if LsoA and LsoB accumulated at different rates in the guts of nymphs as it occurs in adults. First, we quantified LsoA and LsoB titers in the guts of third- and fifth-instar potato psyllid nymphs. We found similar LsoA titers in the two nymphal stages, while LsoB titer was lower in the gut of the third-instar nymphs compared to fifth-instar nymphs. Second, we assessed the transmission efficiency of LsoA and LsoB by third-instar nymphs to tomato plants, revealing that LsoA was transmitted earlier and with higher efficiency than LsoB. Finally, we examined the transmission of LsoD by carrot psyllid nymphs to celery plants and demonstrated an age-related difference in the transmission rate. These findings provide valuable insights into the transmission dynamics of different Lso haplotypes by nymphal vectors, shedding light on their epidemiology and interactions with their psyllid vectors. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T20:39:45Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T20:39:45Z |
| publishDate | 2023-12-01 |
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| record_format | Article |
| series | Insects |
| spelling | doaj.art-59126edd687b446c9ed23a44c4ef7e602023-12-22T14:16:20ZengMDPI AGInsects2075-44502023-12-01141295610.3390/insects14120956Accumulation and Transmission of ‘<i>Candidatus</i> Liberibacter solanacearum’ Haplotypes by the Nymphs of Two Psyllid VectorsJunepyo Oh0Maria Azucena Mendoza Herrera1Brenda Leal-Galvan2Svetlana Kontsedalov3Murad Ghanim4Cecilia Tamborindeguy5Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USADepartment of Entomology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USADepartment of Entomology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USADepartment of Entomology, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, HaMaccabim Road 68, P.O. Box 15159, Rishon LeZion 7505101, IsraelDepartment of Entomology, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, HaMaccabim Road 68, P.O. Box 15159, Rishon LeZion 7505101, IsraelDepartment of Entomology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA‘<i>Candidatus</i> Liberibacter solanacearum’ (Lso) is a plant pathogenic bacterium transmitted by psyllids that causes significant agricultural damage. Several Lso haplotypes have been reported. Among them, LsoA and LsoB are transmitted by the potato psyllid <i>Bactericera cockerelli</i> and infect solanaceous crops, and LsoD is transmitted by the carrot psyllid <i>B. trigonica</i> and infects apiaceous crops. Several studies evaluated the transmission of these haplotypes by adult psyllids. However, fewer data are available on the transmission of different Lso haplotypes by psyllid nymphs. In this study, we investigated the transmission of these three haplotypes by psyllid nymphs to expand our basic understanding of Lso transmission. Specifically, the objective was to determine if the haplotypes differed in their transmission rates by nymphs and if LsoA and LsoB accumulated at different rates in the guts of nymphs as it occurs in adults. First, we quantified LsoA and LsoB titers in the guts of third- and fifth-instar potato psyllid nymphs. We found similar LsoA titers in the two nymphal stages, while LsoB titer was lower in the gut of the third-instar nymphs compared to fifth-instar nymphs. Second, we assessed the transmission efficiency of LsoA and LsoB by third-instar nymphs to tomato plants, revealing that LsoA was transmitted earlier and with higher efficiency than LsoB. Finally, we examined the transmission of LsoD by carrot psyllid nymphs to celery plants and demonstrated an age-related difference in the transmission rate. These findings provide valuable insights into the transmission dynamics of different Lso haplotypes by nymphal vectors, shedding light on their epidemiology and interactions with their psyllid vectors.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/14/12/956‘<i>Candidatus</i> Liberibacter solanacearum’potato psyllidcarrot psyllidzebra chiptransmission |
| spellingShingle | Junepyo Oh Maria Azucena Mendoza Herrera Brenda Leal-Galvan Svetlana Kontsedalov Murad Ghanim Cecilia Tamborindeguy Accumulation and Transmission of ‘<i>Candidatus</i> Liberibacter solanacearum’ Haplotypes by the Nymphs of Two Psyllid Vectors Insects ‘<i>Candidatus</i> Liberibacter solanacearum’ potato psyllid carrot psyllid zebra chip transmission |
| title | Accumulation and Transmission of ‘<i>Candidatus</i> Liberibacter solanacearum’ Haplotypes by the Nymphs of Two Psyllid Vectors |
| title_full | Accumulation and Transmission of ‘<i>Candidatus</i> Liberibacter solanacearum’ Haplotypes by the Nymphs of Two Psyllid Vectors |
| title_fullStr | Accumulation and Transmission of ‘<i>Candidatus</i> Liberibacter solanacearum’ Haplotypes by the Nymphs of Two Psyllid Vectors |
| title_full_unstemmed | Accumulation and Transmission of ‘<i>Candidatus</i> Liberibacter solanacearum’ Haplotypes by the Nymphs of Two Psyllid Vectors |
| title_short | Accumulation and Transmission of ‘<i>Candidatus</i> Liberibacter solanacearum’ Haplotypes by the Nymphs of Two Psyllid Vectors |
| title_sort | accumulation and transmission of i candidatus i liberibacter solanacearum haplotypes by the nymphs of two psyllid vectors |
| topic | ‘<i>Candidatus</i> Liberibacter solanacearum’ potato psyllid carrot psyllid zebra chip transmission |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/14/12/956 |
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