Prospects of Searching for Type Ia Supernovae with 2.5-m Wide Field Survey Telescope
Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) are thermonuclear explosions of carbon-oxygen white dwarfs (WDs) and are well-known as a distance indicator. However, it is still unclear how WDs increase their mass near the Chandrasekhar limit and how the thermonuclear runaway happens. The observational clues associated...
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MDPI AG
2022-12-01
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| Series: | Universe |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1997/9/1/7 |
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| author | Maokai Hu Lei Hu Ji-an Jiang Lin Xiao Lulu Fan Junjie Wei Xuefeng Wu |
| author_facet | Maokai Hu Lei Hu Ji-an Jiang Lin Xiao Lulu Fan Junjie Wei Xuefeng Wu |
| author_sort | Maokai Hu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) are thermonuclear explosions of carbon-oxygen white dwarfs (WDs) and are well-known as a distance indicator. However, it is still unclear how WDs increase their mass near the Chandrasekhar limit and how the thermonuclear runaway happens. The observational clues associated with these open questions, such as the photometric data within hours to days since the explosion, are scarce. Thus, an essential way is to discover SNe Ia at specific epochs with optimal surveys. The 2.5 m Wide Field Survey Telescope (WFST) is an upcoming survey facility deployed in western China. In this paper, we assess the detectability of SNe Ia with mock observations of the WFST. Followed by the volumetric rate, we generate a spectral series of SNe Ia based on a data-based model and introduce the line-of-sight extinction to calculate the brightness from the observer. By comparing with the detection limit of the WFST, which is affected by the observing conditions, we can count the number of SNe Ia discovered by mock WFST observations. We expect that the WFST can find more than <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mn>3.0</mn><mo>×</mo><msup><mn>10</mn><mn>4</mn></msup></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> pre-maximum SNe Ia within one year of running. In particular, the WFST could discover about 45 bright SNe Ia, 99 early phase SNe Ia, or <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mn>1.1</mn><mo>×</mo><msup><mn>10</mn><mn>4</mn></msup></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> well-observed SNe Ia with the hypothesized Wide, Deep, or Medium modes, respectively, suggesting that the WFST will be an influential facility in time-domain astronomy. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T11:05:05Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-592786500fff47f5a49f637ddb30205e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2218-1997 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T11:05:05Z |
| publishDate | 2022-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Universe |
| spelling | doaj.art-592786500fff47f5a49f637ddb30205e2023-12-01T00:58:47ZengMDPI AGUniverse2218-19972022-12-0191710.3390/universe9010007Prospects of Searching for Type Ia Supernovae with 2.5-m Wide Field Survey TelescopeMaokai Hu0Lei Hu1Ji-an Jiang2Lin Xiao3Lulu Fan4Junjie Wei5Xuefeng Wu6Purple Mountain Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210023, ChinaPurple Mountain Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210023, ChinaNational Astronomical Observatory of Japan, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, 2-21-1 Osawa, Tokyo 181-8588, JapanDepartment of Physics, College of Physical Sciences and Technology, Hebei University, Wusidong Road 180, Baoding 071002, ChinaSchool of Astronomy and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, ChinaPurple Mountain Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210023, ChinaPurple Mountain Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210023, ChinaType Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) are thermonuclear explosions of carbon-oxygen white dwarfs (WDs) and are well-known as a distance indicator. However, it is still unclear how WDs increase their mass near the Chandrasekhar limit and how the thermonuclear runaway happens. The observational clues associated with these open questions, such as the photometric data within hours to days since the explosion, are scarce. Thus, an essential way is to discover SNe Ia at specific epochs with optimal surveys. The 2.5 m Wide Field Survey Telescope (WFST) is an upcoming survey facility deployed in western China. In this paper, we assess the detectability of SNe Ia with mock observations of the WFST. Followed by the volumetric rate, we generate a spectral series of SNe Ia based on a data-based model and introduce the line-of-sight extinction to calculate the brightness from the observer. By comparing with the detection limit of the WFST, which is affected by the observing conditions, we can count the number of SNe Ia discovered by mock WFST observations. We expect that the WFST can find more than <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mn>3.0</mn><mo>×</mo><msup><mn>10</mn><mn>4</mn></msup></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> pre-maximum SNe Ia within one year of running. In particular, the WFST could discover about 45 bright SNe Ia, 99 early phase SNe Ia, or <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mn>1.1</mn><mo>×</mo><msup><mn>10</mn><mn>4</mn></msup></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> well-observed SNe Ia with the hypothesized Wide, Deep, or Medium modes, respectively, suggesting that the WFST will be an influential facility in time-domain astronomy.https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1997/9/1/7type Ia supernovae: generallight curvestelescopes |
| spellingShingle | Maokai Hu Lei Hu Ji-an Jiang Lin Xiao Lulu Fan Junjie Wei Xuefeng Wu Prospects of Searching for Type Ia Supernovae with 2.5-m Wide Field Survey Telescope Universe type Ia supernovae: general light curves telescopes |
| title | Prospects of Searching for Type Ia Supernovae with 2.5-m Wide Field Survey Telescope |
| title_full | Prospects of Searching for Type Ia Supernovae with 2.5-m Wide Field Survey Telescope |
| title_fullStr | Prospects of Searching for Type Ia Supernovae with 2.5-m Wide Field Survey Telescope |
| title_full_unstemmed | Prospects of Searching for Type Ia Supernovae with 2.5-m Wide Field Survey Telescope |
| title_short | Prospects of Searching for Type Ia Supernovae with 2.5-m Wide Field Survey Telescope |
| title_sort | prospects of searching for type ia supernovae with 2 5 m wide field survey telescope |
| topic | type Ia supernovae: general light curves telescopes |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1997/9/1/7 |
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