Dairy Cows Experimentally Infected With Bovine Leukemia Virus Showed an Increased Milk Production in Lactation Numbers 3–4: A 4-Year Longitudinal Study
Bovine leukemia virus (BLV) is widespread in global cattle populations, but the effects of its infection on milk quantity and quality have not been clearly elucidated in animal models. In this study, 30 healthy first-lactation cows were selected from ≈2,988 cows in a BLV-free farm with the same crit...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-07-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Microbiology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2022.946463/full |
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| author | Yi Yang Yi Yang Zaicheng Gong Yi Lu Xubin Lu Jilei Zhang Ye Meng Yalan Peng Shuangfeng Chu Wenqiang Cao Xiaoli Hao Jie Sun Heng Wang Aijian Qin Aijian Qin Chengming Wang Shaobin Shang Shaobin Shang Zhangping Yang |
| author_facet | Yi Yang Yi Yang Zaicheng Gong Yi Lu Xubin Lu Jilei Zhang Ye Meng Yalan Peng Shuangfeng Chu Wenqiang Cao Xiaoli Hao Jie Sun Heng Wang Aijian Qin Aijian Qin Chengming Wang Shaobin Shang Shaobin Shang Zhangping Yang |
| author_sort | Yi Yang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Bovine leukemia virus (BLV) is widespread in global cattle populations, but the effects of its infection on milk quantity and quality have not been clearly elucidated in animal models. In this study, 30 healthy first-lactation cows were selected from ≈2,988 cows in a BLV-free farm with the same criteria of parity, age, lactation number, as well as milk yield, SCS, and composition (fat, protein, and lactose). Subsequently, these cows were randomly assigned to the intervention (n = 15) or control (n = 15) group, and reared in different cowsheds. Cows in the intervention group were inoculated with 1 × phosphate-buffered solution (PBS) resuspended in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from a BLV-positive cow, while the controls were inoculated with the inactivated PBMC from the same individual. From June 2016 to July 2021, milk weight (kg) was automatically recorded by milk sensors, and milk SCS and composition were originated from monthly performed dairy herd improvement (DHI) testing. Fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET)–qPCR and ELISA showed that cows in the intervention group were successfully infected with BLV, while cows in the control group were free of BLV for the entire period. At 45 days post-inoculation (DPI), the numbers of whole blood cells (WBCs) (P = 0.010), lymphocytes (LYMs) (P = 0.002), and monocytes (MNCs) (P = 0.001) and the expression levels of IFN-γ (P = 0.013), IL-10 (P = 0.031), and IL-12p70 (P = 0.008) increased significantly in the BLV infected cows compared to the non-infected. In lactation numbers 2–4, the intervention group had significantly higher overall milk yield (P < 0.001), fat (P = 0.031), and protein (P = 0.050) than the control group, while milk SCS (P = 0.038) and lactose (P = 0.036) decreased significantly. Further analysis indicated that BLV infection was associated with increased milk yield at each lactation stage in lactation numbers 3–4 (P = 0.021 or P < 0.001), but not with SCS and milk composition. Together, this 4-year longitudinal study revealed that artificial inoculation of BLV increased the milk yield in cows in this BLV challenge model. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T07:19:18Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-594dc3350e7245ada2e37872d47a94a8 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-302X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T07:19:18Z |
| publishDate | 2022-07-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-594dc3350e7245ada2e37872d47a94a82022-12-22T03:42:22ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Microbiology1664-302X2022-07-011310.3389/fmicb.2022.946463946463Dairy Cows Experimentally Infected With Bovine Leukemia Virus Showed an Increased Milk Production in Lactation Numbers 3–4: A 4-Year Longitudinal StudyYi Yang0Yi Yang1Zaicheng Gong2Yi Lu3Xubin Lu4Jilei Zhang5Ye Meng6Yalan Peng7Shuangfeng Chu8Wenqiang Cao9Xiaoli Hao10Jie Sun11Heng Wang12Aijian Qin13Aijian Qin14Chengming Wang15Shaobin Shang16Shaobin Shang17Zhangping Yang18Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, ChinaInternational Corporation Laboratory of Agriculture and Agricultural Products Safety, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, ChinaJiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, ChinaJiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, ChinaCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, ChinaDivision of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United StatesJiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, ChinaJiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, ChinaCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, ChinaJiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, ChinaJiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, ChinaShenzhen Academy of Inspection and Quarantine Sciences, Shenzhen, ChinaJiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, ChinaJiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, ChinaInternational Corporation Laboratory of Agriculture and Agricultural Products Safety, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, ChinaDepartment of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United StatesJiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, ChinaInternational Corporation Laboratory of Agriculture and Agricultural Products Safety, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, ChinaCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, ChinaBovine leukemia virus (BLV) is widespread in global cattle populations, but the effects of its infection on milk quantity and quality have not been clearly elucidated in animal models. In this study, 30 healthy first-lactation cows were selected from ≈2,988 cows in a BLV-free farm with the same criteria of parity, age, lactation number, as well as milk yield, SCS, and composition (fat, protein, and lactose). Subsequently, these cows were randomly assigned to the intervention (n = 15) or control (n = 15) group, and reared in different cowsheds. Cows in the intervention group were inoculated with 1 × phosphate-buffered solution (PBS) resuspended in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from a BLV-positive cow, while the controls were inoculated with the inactivated PBMC from the same individual. From June 2016 to July 2021, milk weight (kg) was automatically recorded by milk sensors, and milk SCS and composition were originated from monthly performed dairy herd improvement (DHI) testing. Fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET)–qPCR and ELISA showed that cows in the intervention group were successfully infected with BLV, while cows in the control group were free of BLV for the entire period. At 45 days post-inoculation (DPI), the numbers of whole blood cells (WBCs) (P = 0.010), lymphocytes (LYMs) (P = 0.002), and monocytes (MNCs) (P = 0.001) and the expression levels of IFN-γ (P = 0.013), IL-10 (P = 0.031), and IL-12p70 (P = 0.008) increased significantly in the BLV infected cows compared to the non-infected. In lactation numbers 2–4, the intervention group had significantly higher overall milk yield (P < 0.001), fat (P = 0.031), and protein (P = 0.050) than the control group, while milk SCS (P = 0.038) and lactose (P = 0.036) decreased significantly. Further analysis indicated that BLV infection was associated with increased milk yield at each lactation stage in lactation numbers 3–4 (P = 0.021 or P < 0.001), but not with SCS and milk composition. Together, this 4-year longitudinal study revealed that artificial inoculation of BLV increased the milk yield in cows in this BLV challenge model.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2022.946463/fullbovine leukemia virusartificially inoculationmilk yieldsomatic cell scorenutrition compositions |
| spellingShingle | Yi Yang Yi Yang Zaicheng Gong Yi Lu Xubin Lu Jilei Zhang Ye Meng Yalan Peng Shuangfeng Chu Wenqiang Cao Xiaoli Hao Jie Sun Heng Wang Aijian Qin Aijian Qin Chengming Wang Shaobin Shang Shaobin Shang Zhangping Yang Dairy Cows Experimentally Infected With Bovine Leukemia Virus Showed an Increased Milk Production in Lactation Numbers 3–4: A 4-Year Longitudinal Study Frontiers in Microbiology bovine leukemia virus artificially inoculation milk yield somatic cell score nutrition compositions |
| title | Dairy Cows Experimentally Infected With Bovine Leukemia Virus Showed an Increased Milk Production in Lactation Numbers 3–4: A 4-Year Longitudinal Study |
| title_full | Dairy Cows Experimentally Infected With Bovine Leukemia Virus Showed an Increased Milk Production in Lactation Numbers 3–4: A 4-Year Longitudinal Study |
| title_fullStr | Dairy Cows Experimentally Infected With Bovine Leukemia Virus Showed an Increased Milk Production in Lactation Numbers 3–4: A 4-Year Longitudinal Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Dairy Cows Experimentally Infected With Bovine Leukemia Virus Showed an Increased Milk Production in Lactation Numbers 3–4: A 4-Year Longitudinal Study |
| title_short | Dairy Cows Experimentally Infected With Bovine Leukemia Virus Showed an Increased Milk Production in Lactation Numbers 3–4: A 4-Year Longitudinal Study |
| title_sort | dairy cows experimentally infected with bovine leukemia virus showed an increased milk production in lactation numbers 3 4 a 4 year longitudinal study |
| topic | bovine leukemia virus artificially inoculation milk yield somatic cell score nutrition compositions |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2022.946463/full |
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