VHCF, Tribology Characteristics and UNSM Effects of Bainite and Martensite Spring Steels
It has been reported that the duplex bainite microstructure obtained by austempering (AT) shows higher strength, ductility and impact toughness than quench and tempered (QT) martensite structure in SAE9254 spring steel. However, there seems to be no research on the very high cycle fatigue (VHCF) and...
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MDPI AG
2022-05-01
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| Series: | Metals |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/12/6/901 |
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| author | Min Soo Suh Seung Hoon Nahm Chang Min Suh Young Sik Pyun |
| author_facet | Min Soo Suh Seung Hoon Nahm Chang Min Suh Young Sik Pyun |
| author_sort | Min Soo Suh |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | It has been reported that the duplex bainite microstructure obtained by austempering (AT) shows higher strength, ductility and impact toughness than quench and tempered (QT) martensite structure in SAE9254 spring steel. However, there seems to be no research on the very high cycle fatigue (VHCF) and tribology characteristics of bainite structure for durability design of next generation spring steel from the perspective of engineering and industrial applications. This is a follow-up study that quantitatively analyzed the mechanical properties, microstructural deformation characteristics, and impact toughness of bainite and martensite using EBSD (Electron Backscatter Diffraction) and SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope) analyses. In this study, VHCF, HCF, tribology characteristics and UNSM (ultrasonic nanocrystal surface modification) effects under duplex bainite and single martensite microstructures were quantitatively studied and analyzed by fracture mechanics from the engineering and industrial point of view to improve durability and weight reduction in spring steels. The bainite AT and martensite QT specimens showed a 56% and 33% increase in fatigue limit for as received AR specimens. Fisheye cracks in duplex bainite AT specimens are similar to ‘facet internal cracks’ that initiated in the absence of inclusions. Generally fisheye crack fracture mode is preferred in VHCF, but fisheye crack was not found in the QT and the AR specimens at all. The UNSM-treated specimens showed fatigue limits that were about 33~50% higher than the untreated specimens. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T23:03:54Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-595b8652d01d486bab42a7e5d607b4b0 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-4701 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T23:03:54Z |
| publishDate | 2022-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Metals |
| spelling | doaj.art-595b8652d01d486bab42a7e5d607b4b02023-11-23T17:56:59ZengMDPI AGMetals2075-47012022-05-0112690110.3390/met12060901VHCF, Tribology Characteristics and UNSM Effects of Bainite and Martensite Spring SteelsMin Soo Suh0Seung Hoon Nahm1Chang Min Suh2Young Sik Pyun3Korea Institute of Energy Research, Daejeon 34129, KoreaKorea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Daejeon 34113, KoreaSchool of Mechanical Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, KoreaDepartment of Fusion Science and Technology, Sun Moon University, Asan 31460, KoreaIt has been reported that the duplex bainite microstructure obtained by austempering (AT) shows higher strength, ductility and impact toughness than quench and tempered (QT) martensite structure in SAE9254 spring steel. However, there seems to be no research on the very high cycle fatigue (VHCF) and tribology characteristics of bainite structure for durability design of next generation spring steel from the perspective of engineering and industrial applications. This is a follow-up study that quantitatively analyzed the mechanical properties, microstructural deformation characteristics, and impact toughness of bainite and martensite using EBSD (Electron Backscatter Diffraction) and SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope) analyses. In this study, VHCF, HCF, tribology characteristics and UNSM (ultrasonic nanocrystal surface modification) effects under duplex bainite and single martensite microstructures were quantitatively studied and analyzed by fracture mechanics from the engineering and industrial point of view to improve durability and weight reduction in spring steels. The bainite AT and martensite QT specimens showed a 56% and 33% increase in fatigue limit for as received AR specimens. Fisheye cracks in duplex bainite AT specimens are similar to ‘facet internal cracks’ that initiated in the absence of inclusions. Generally fisheye crack fracture mode is preferred in VHCF, but fisheye crack was not found in the QT and the AR specimens at all. The UNSM-treated specimens showed fatigue limits that were about 33~50% higher than the untreated specimens.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/12/6/901spring steelbainitemartensiteaustemperingvery high cycle fatiguetribology |
| spellingShingle | Min Soo Suh Seung Hoon Nahm Chang Min Suh Young Sik Pyun VHCF, Tribology Characteristics and UNSM Effects of Bainite and Martensite Spring Steels Metals spring steel bainite martensite austempering very high cycle fatigue tribology |
| title | VHCF, Tribology Characteristics and UNSM Effects of Bainite and Martensite Spring Steels |
| title_full | VHCF, Tribology Characteristics and UNSM Effects of Bainite and Martensite Spring Steels |
| title_fullStr | VHCF, Tribology Characteristics and UNSM Effects of Bainite and Martensite Spring Steels |
| title_full_unstemmed | VHCF, Tribology Characteristics and UNSM Effects of Bainite and Martensite Spring Steels |
| title_short | VHCF, Tribology Characteristics and UNSM Effects of Bainite and Martensite Spring Steels |
| title_sort | vhcf tribology characteristics and unsm effects of bainite and martensite spring steels |
| topic | spring steel bainite martensite austempering very high cycle fatigue tribology |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/12/6/901 |
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