CLINICAL LIVER MORPHOLOGY: CYTOTOXIC LYMPHOCYTES
Background. The liver is the organ of the immune system, in which various populations of lymphocytes are representatives of congenital and acquired immunity: NK cells, NKT cells, LGL cells, CD8 + (CTL) cells that participate in cytotoxic reactions. The aim of the study is to present the structu...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | Belarusian |
| Published: |
Grodno State Medical University
2018-08-01
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| Series: | Žurnal Grodnenskogo Gosudarstvennogo Medicinskogo Universiteta |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://journal-grsmu.by/index.php/ojs/article/view/2281/2084 |
| Summary: | Background. The liver is the organ of the immune system, in which various populations of lymphocytes are
representatives of congenital and acquired immunity: NK cells, NKT cells, LGL cells, CD8 + (CTL) cells that
participate in cytotoxic reactions.
The aim of the study is to present the structural and functional characteristics of the main populations of cytotoxic
lymphocytes that take an active part in the development of inflammation in viral liver damage.
Material and methods. Morphological evaluation of intravital hepatic biopsy specimens of patients with chronic
viral hepatitis was performed by light and electron microscopy with the use of classical and original techniques for
fixing and staining preparations.
Results. A detailed description of the structure of the main populations of lymphocytes in the liver (NK cells, NKT
cells, LGL cells, CD8 + cells) and their basic immunomorphological data and cytotoxic characteristics are presented.
The main methods used in clinical practice for morphological evaluation of the activity of inflammation in the liver
are described.
Conclusions. The most studied participants in the development of cytotoxicity in chronic viral hepatitis are
lymphocytes, which cause direct and indirect damage to hepatocytes: NK cells, NKT cells, LGL and CTL (CD8+ T
cells) cells that differ by their phenotypic as well as structural and functional characteristics. The classical method
of light microscopy of liver biopsy samples does not allow to differentiate populations of cytotoxic lymphocytes, in
contrast to light microscopy of semi-thin sections and electron microscopy. An additional morphological indicator
for the evaluation of activity and monitoring of inflammation in the liver can be a morphological (quantitative)
characteristic of the cellular population of lymphocytes of the congenital and adaptive immunity. |
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| ISSN: | 2221-8785 2413-0109 |