Warm Blood Meal Increases Digestion Rate and Milk Protein Production to Maximize Reproductive Output for the Tsetse Fly, <i>Glossina morsitans</i>
The ingestion of blood represents a significant burden that immediately increases water, oxidative, and thermal stress, but provides a significant nutrient source to generate resources necessary for the development of progeny. Thermal stress has been assumed to solely be a negative byproduct that ha...
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MDPI AG
2022-10-01
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| Series: | Insects |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/13/11/997 |
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| author | Joshua B. Benoit Chloé Lahondère Geoffrey M. Attardo Veronika Michalkova Kennan Oyen Yanyu Xiao Serap Aksoy |
| author_facet | Joshua B. Benoit Chloé Lahondère Geoffrey M. Attardo Veronika Michalkova Kennan Oyen Yanyu Xiao Serap Aksoy |
| author_sort | Joshua B. Benoit |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The ingestion of blood represents a significant burden that immediately increases water, oxidative, and thermal stress, but provides a significant nutrient source to generate resources necessary for the development of progeny. Thermal stress has been assumed to solely be a negative byproduct that has to be alleviated to prevent stress. Here, we examined if the short thermal bouts incurred during a warm blood meal are beneficial to reproduction. To do so, we examined the duration of pregnancy and milk gland protein expression in the tsetse fly, <i>Glossina morsitans</i>, that consumed a warm or cool blood meal. We noted that an optimal temperature for blood ingestion yielded a reduction in the duration of pregnancy. This decline in the duration of pregnancy is due to increased rate of blood digestion when consuming warm blood. This increased digestion likely provided more energy that leads to increased expression of transcript for milk-associated proteins. The shorter duration of pregnancy is predicted to yield an increase in population growth compared to those that consume cool or above host temperatures. These studies provide evidence that consumption of a warm blood meal is likely beneficial for specific aspects of vector biology. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T18:58:35Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5964e35a059b418fb07be570ddd4dc1d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-4450 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T18:58:35Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Insects |
| spelling | doaj.art-5964e35a059b418fb07be570ddd4dc1d2023-11-24T05:13:14ZengMDPI AGInsects2075-44502022-10-01131199710.3390/insects13110997Warm Blood Meal Increases Digestion Rate and Milk Protein Production to Maximize Reproductive Output for the Tsetse Fly, <i>Glossina morsitans</i>Joshua B. Benoit0Chloé Lahondère1Geoffrey M. Attardo2Veronika Michalkova3Kennan Oyen4Yanyu Xiao5Serap Aksoy6Division of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, 60 College St., New Haven, CT 06510, USADepartment of Biochemistry, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USADivision of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, 60 College St., New Haven, CT 06510, USADivision of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, 60 College St., New Haven, CT 06510, USADepartment of Biological Sciences, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221, USADepartment of Mathematical Sciences, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221, USADivision of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, 60 College St., New Haven, CT 06510, USAThe ingestion of blood represents a significant burden that immediately increases water, oxidative, and thermal stress, but provides a significant nutrient source to generate resources necessary for the development of progeny. Thermal stress has been assumed to solely be a negative byproduct that has to be alleviated to prevent stress. Here, we examined if the short thermal bouts incurred during a warm blood meal are beneficial to reproduction. To do so, we examined the duration of pregnancy and milk gland protein expression in the tsetse fly, <i>Glossina morsitans</i>, that consumed a warm or cool blood meal. We noted that an optimal temperature for blood ingestion yielded a reduction in the duration of pregnancy. This decline in the duration of pregnancy is due to increased rate of blood digestion when consuming warm blood. This increased digestion likely provided more energy that leads to increased expression of transcript for milk-associated proteins. The shorter duration of pregnancy is predicted to yield an increase in population growth compared to those that consume cool or above host temperatures. These studies provide evidence that consumption of a warm blood meal is likely beneficial for specific aspects of vector biology.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/13/11/997tsetsedigestionthermal stressreproduction |
| spellingShingle | Joshua B. Benoit Chloé Lahondère Geoffrey M. Attardo Veronika Michalkova Kennan Oyen Yanyu Xiao Serap Aksoy Warm Blood Meal Increases Digestion Rate and Milk Protein Production to Maximize Reproductive Output for the Tsetse Fly, <i>Glossina morsitans</i> Insects tsetse digestion thermal stress reproduction |
| title | Warm Blood Meal Increases Digestion Rate and Milk Protein Production to Maximize Reproductive Output for the Tsetse Fly, <i>Glossina morsitans</i> |
| title_full | Warm Blood Meal Increases Digestion Rate and Milk Protein Production to Maximize Reproductive Output for the Tsetse Fly, <i>Glossina morsitans</i> |
| title_fullStr | Warm Blood Meal Increases Digestion Rate and Milk Protein Production to Maximize Reproductive Output for the Tsetse Fly, <i>Glossina morsitans</i> |
| title_full_unstemmed | Warm Blood Meal Increases Digestion Rate and Milk Protein Production to Maximize Reproductive Output for the Tsetse Fly, <i>Glossina morsitans</i> |
| title_short | Warm Blood Meal Increases Digestion Rate and Milk Protein Production to Maximize Reproductive Output for the Tsetse Fly, <i>Glossina morsitans</i> |
| title_sort | warm blood meal increases digestion rate and milk protein production to maximize reproductive output for the tsetse fly i glossina morsitans i |
| topic | tsetse digestion thermal stress reproduction |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/13/11/997 |
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