Authentication of Transylvanian Spirits Based on Isotope and Elemental Signatures in Conjunction with Statistical Methods
The potential association between stable isotope ratios of light elements and mineral content, in conjunction with unsupervised and supervised statistical methods, for differentiation of spirits, with respect to some previously defined criteria, is reviewed in this work. Thus, based on linear discri...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-12-01
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| Series: | Foods |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/10/12/3000 |
| _version_ | 1797504707920396288 |
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| author | Dana Alina Magdas Gabriela Cristea Adrian Pîrnau Ioana Feher Ariana Raluca Hategan Adriana Dehelean |
| author_facet | Dana Alina Magdas Gabriela Cristea Adrian Pîrnau Ioana Feher Ariana Raluca Hategan Adriana Dehelean |
| author_sort | Dana Alina Magdas |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The potential association between stable isotope ratios of light elements and mineral content, in conjunction with unsupervised and supervised statistical methods, for differentiation of spirits, with respect to some previously defined criteria, is reviewed in this work. Thus, based on linear discriminant analysis (LDA), it was possible to differentiate the geographical origin of distillates in a percentage of 96.2% for the initial validation, and the cross-validation step of the method returned 84.6% of correctly classified samples. An excellent separation was also obtained for the differentiation of spirits producers, 100% in initial classification, and 95.7% in cross-validation, respectively. For the varietal recognition, the best differentiation was achieved for apricot and pear distillates, a 100% discrimination being obtained in both classifications (initial and cross-validation). Good classification percentages were also obtained for plum and apple distillates, where models with 88.2% and 82.4% in initial and cross-validation, respectively, were achieved for plum differentiation. A similar value in the cross-validation procedure was reached for the apple spirits. The lowest classification percent was obtained for quince distillates (76.5% in initial classification followed by 70.4% in cross-validation). Our results have high practical importance, especially for trademark recognition, taking into account that fruit distillates are high-value commodities; therefore, the temptation of “fraud”, i.e., by passing regular distillates as branded ones, could occur. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T04:08:10Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-59a1e03de5504deca87dfdcd490e2a57 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2304-8158 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T04:08:10Z |
| publishDate | 2021-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Foods |
| spelling | doaj.art-59a1e03de5504deca87dfdcd490e2a572023-11-23T08:17:24ZengMDPI AGFoods2304-81582021-12-011012300010.3390/foods10123000Authentication of Transylvanian Spirits Based on Isotope and Elemental Signatures in Conjunction with Statistical MethodsDana Alina Magdas0Gabriela Cristea1Adrian Pîrnau2Ioana Feher3Ariana Raluca Hategan4Adriana Dehelean5National Institute for Research and Development of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies, P.O. Box 700, 400293 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaNational Institute for Research and Development of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies, P.O. Box 700, 400293 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaNational Institute for Research and Development of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies, P.O. Box 700, 400293 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaNational Institute for Research and Development of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies, P.O. Box 700, 400293 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaNational Institute for Research and Development of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies, P.O. Box 700, 400293 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaNational Institute for Research and Development of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies, P.O. Box 700, 400293 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaThe potential association between stable isotope ratios of light elements and mineral content, in conjunction with unsupervised and supervised statistical methods, for differentiation of spirits, with respect to some previously defined criteria, is reviewed in this work. Thus, based on linear discriminant analysis (LDA), it was possible to differentiate the geographical origin of distillates in a percentage of 96.2% for the initial validation, and the cross-validation step of the method returned 84.6% of correctly classified samples. An excellent separation was also obtained for the differentiation of spirits producers, 100% in initial classification, and 95.7% in cross-validation, respectively. For the varietal recognition, the best differentiation was achieved for apricot and pear distillates, a 100% discrimination being obtained in both classifications (initial and cross-validation). Good classification percentages were also obtained for plum and apple distillates, where models with 88.2% and 82.4% in initial and cross-validation, respectively, were achieved for plum differentiation. A similar value in the cross-validation procedure was reached for the apple spirits. The lowest classification percent was obtained for quince distillates (76.5% in initial classification followed by 70.4% in cross-validation). Our results have high practical importance, especially for trademark recognition, taking into account that fruit distillates are high-value commodities; therefore, the temptation of “fraud”, i.e., by passing regular distillates as branded ones, could occur.https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/10/12/3000fruit distillatesstable isotopeselemental contentLDAdiscrimination |
| spellingShingle | Dana Alina Magdas Gabriela Cristea Adrian Pîrnau Ioana Feher Ariana Raluca Hategan Adriana Dehelean Authentication of Transylvanian Spirits Based on Isotope and Elemental Signatures in Conjunction with Statistical Methods Foods fruit distillates stable isotopes elemental content LDA discrimination |
| title | Authentication of Transylvanian Spirits Based on Isotope and Elemental Signatures in Conjunction with Statistical Methods |
| title_full | Authentication of Transylvanian Spirits Based on Isotope and Elemental Signatures in Conjunction with Statistical Methods |
| title_fullStr | Authentication of Transylvanian Spirits Based on Isotope and Elemental Signatures in Conjunction with Statistical Methods |
| title_full_unstemmed | Authentication of Transylvanian Spirits Based on Isotope and Elemental Signatures in Conjunction with Statistical Methods |
| title_short | Authentication of Transylvanian Spirits Based on Isotope and Elemental Signatures in Conjunction with Statistical Methods |
| title_sort | authentication of transylvanian spirits based on isotope and elemental signatures in conjunction with statistical methods |
| topic | fruit distillates stable isotopes elemental content LDA discrimination |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/10/12/3000 |
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