The browsing ratio as an index of the impact of deer browsing on tree seedlings
The possibility of maintaining forested vegetation under deer browsing depends on the success of regeneration processes. Several indices have been proposed to estimate the pressure of deer browsing based on the incidence of browsing on woody plant seedlings. The maintenance of seedling populations i...
Main Authors: | Nobuhiro Akashi, Akira Unno, Hiroyuki Uno |
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Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Elsevier
2022-06-01
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Series: | Trees, Forests and People |
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666719322000838 |
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