Seawater Culture Increases Omega-3 Long-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (N-3 LC-PUFA) Levels in Japanese Sea Bass (<i>Lateolabrax japonicus</i>), Probably by Upregulating Elovl5
The fatty acid compositions of the fish muscle and liver are substantially affected by rearing environment. However, the mechanisms underlying this effect have not been thoroughly described. In this study, we investigated the effects of different culture patterns, i.e., marine cage culture and fresh...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2020-09-01
|
| Series: | Animals |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/10/9/1681 |
| _version_ | 1797553378505523200 |
|---|---|
| author | Xiaojing Dong Jianqiao Wang Peng Ji Longsheng Sun Shuyan Miao Yanju Lei Xuedi Du |
| author_facet | Xiaojing Dong Jianqiao Wang Peng Ji Longsheng Sun Shuyan Miao Yanju Lei Xuedi Du |
| author_sort | Xiaojing Dong |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The fatty acid compositions of the fish muscle and liver are substantially affected by rearing environment. However, the mechanisms underlying this effect have not been thoroughly described. In this study, we investigated the effects of different culture patterns, i.e., marine cage culture and freshwater pond culture, on long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA) biosynthesis in an aquaculturally important fish, the Japanese sea bass (<i>Lateolabrax japonicus</i>). Fish were obtained from two commercial farms in the Guangdong province, one of which raises Japanese sea bass in freshwater, while the other cultures sea bass in marine cages. Fish were fed the same commercial diet. We found that omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 LC-PUFA) levels in the livers and muscles of the marine cage cultured fish were significantly higher than those in the livers and muscles of the freshwater pond cultured fish. Quantitative real-time PCRs indicated that fatty acid desaturase 2 (<i>FADS2</i>) transcript abundance was significantly lower in the livers of the marine cage reared fish as compared to the freshwater pond reared fish, but that fatty acid elongase 5 (<i>Elovl5</i>) transcript abundance was significantly higher. Consistent with this, two of the 28 CpG loci in the <i>FADS2</i> promoter region were heavily methylated in the marine cage cultured fish, but were only slightly methylated in freshwater pond cultured fish (n = 5 per group). Although the <i>Elovl5</i> promoter was less methylated in the marine cage reared fish as compared to the freshwater pond reared fish, this difference was not significant. Thus, our results might indicate that <i>Elovl5</i>, not <i>FADS2</i>, plays an important role in the enhancing LC-PUFA synthesis in marine cage cultures. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T16:15:36Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-59a7c34202154aa4917e6b7d06b56948 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2615 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T16:15:36Z |
| publishDate | 2020-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Animals |
| spelling | doaj.art-59a7c34202154aa4917e6b7d06b569482023-11-20T14:06:22ZengMDPI AGAnimals2076-26152020-09-01109168110.3390/ani10091681Seawater Culture Increases Omega-3 Long-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (N-3 LC-PUFA) Levels in Japanese Sea Bass (<i>Lateolabrax japonicus</i>), Probably by Upregulating Elovl5Xiaojing Dong0Jianqiao Wang1Peng Ji2Longsheng Sun3Shuyan Miao4Yanju Lei5Xuedi Du6Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, ChinaLaboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, ChinaLaboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, ChinaLaboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, ChinaLaboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, ChinaCollaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Health Production of Fisheries in Hunan Province, Key Laboratory of Health Aquaculture and Product Processing in Dongting Lake Area of Hunan Province, Zoology Key Laboratory of Hunan Higher Education, Hunan University of Arts and Science, Changde 415000, ChinaLaboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, ChinaThe fatty acid compositions of the fish muscle and liver are substantially affected by rearing environment. However, the mechanisms underlying this effect have not been thoroughly described. In this study, we investigated the effects of different culture patterns, i.e., marine cage culture and freshwater pond culture, on long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA) biosynthesis in an aquaculturally important fish, the Japanese sea bass (<i>Lateolabrax japonicus</i>). Fish were obtained from two commercial farms in the Guangdong province, one of which raises Japanese sea bass in freshwater, while the other cultures sea bass in marine cages. Fish were fed the same commercial diet. We found that omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 LC-PUFA) levels in the livers and muscles of the marine cage cultured fish were significantly higher than those in the livers and muscles of the freshwater pond cultured fish. Quantitative real-time PCRs indicated that fatty acid desaturase 2 (<i>FADS2</i>) transcript abundance was significantly lower in the livers of the marine cage reared fish as compared to the freshwater pond reared fish, but that fatty acid elongase 5 (<i>Elovl5</i>) transcript abundance was significantly higher. Consistent with this, two of the 28 CpG loci in the <i>FADS2</i> promoter region were heavily methylated in the marine cage cultured fish, but were only slightly methylated in freshwater pond cultured fish (n = 5 per group). Although the <i>Elovl5</i> promoter was less methylated in the marine cage reared fish as compared to the freshwater pond reared fish, this difference was not significant. Thus, our results might indicate that <i>Elovl5</i>, not <i>FADS2</i>, plays an important role in the enhancing LC-PUFA synthesis in marine cage cultures.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/10/9/1681sea bassfreshwater pond culturemarine cage culturen-3 LC-PUFAgene promoter methylation |
| spellingShingle | Xiaojing Dong Jianqiao Wang Peng Ji Longsheng Sun Shuyan Miao Yanju Lei Xuedi Du Seawater Culture Increases Omega-3 Long-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (N-3 LC-PUFA) Levels in Japanese Sea Bass (<i>Lateolabrax japonicus</i>), Probably by Upregulating Elovl5 Animals sea bass freshwater pond culture marine cage culture n-3 LC-PUFA gene promoter methylation |
| title | Seawater Culture Increases Omega-3 Long-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (N-3 LC-PUFA) Levels in Japanese Sea Bass (<i>Lateolabrax japonicus</i>), Probably by Upregulating Elovl5 |
| title_full | Seawater Culture Increases Omega-3 Long-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (N-3 LC-PUFA) Levels in Japanese Sea Bass (<i>Lateolabrax japonicus</i>), Probably by Upregulating Elovl5 |
| title_fullStr | Seawater Culture Increases Omega-3 Long-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (N-3 LC-PUFA) Levels in Japanese Sea Bass (<i>Lateolabrax japonicus</i>), Probably by Upregulating Elovl5 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Seawater Culture Increases Omega-3 Long-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (N-3 LC-PUFA) Levels in Japanese Sea Bass (<i>Lateolabrax japonicus</i>), Probably by Upregulating Elovl5 |
| title_short | Seawater Culture Increases Omega-3 Long-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (N-3 LC-PUFA) Levels in Japanese Sea Bass (<i>Lateolabrax japonicus</i>), Probably by Upregulating Elovl5 |
| title_sort | seawater culture increases omega 3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids n 3 lc pufa levels in japanese sea bass i lateolabrax japonicus i probably by upregulating elovl5 |
| topic | sea bass freshwater pond culture marine cage culture n-3 LC-PUFA gene promoter methylation |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/10/9/1681 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT xiaojingdong seawatercultureincreasesomega3longchainpolyunsaturatedfattyacidsn3lcpufalevelsinjapaneseseabassilateolabraxjaponicusiprobablybyupregulatingelovl5 AT jianqiaowang seawatercultureincreasesomega3longchainpolyunsaturatedfattyacidsn3lcpufalevelsinjapaneseseabassilateolabraxjaponicusiprobablybyupregulatingelovl5 AT pengji seawatercultureincreasesomega3longchainpolyunsaturatedfattyacidsn3lcpufalevelsinjapaneseseabassilateolabraxjaponicusiprobablybyupregulatingelovl5 AT longshengsun seawatercultureincreasesomega3longchainpolyunsaturatedfattyacidsn3lcpufalevelsinjapaneseseabassilateolabraxjaponicusiprobablybyupregulatingelovl5 AT shuyanmiao seawatercultureincreasesomega3longchainpolyunsaturatedfattyacidsn3lcpufalevelsinjapaneseseabassilateolabraxjaponicusiprobablybyupregulatingelovl5 AT yanjulei seawatercultureincreasesomega3longchainpolyunsaturatedfattyacidsn3lcpufalevelsinjapaneseseabassilateolabraxjaponicusiprobablybyupregulatingelovl5 AT xuedidu seawatercultureincreasesomega3longchainpolyunsaturatedfattyacidsn3lcpufalevelsinjapaneseseabassilateolabraxjaponicusiprobablybyupregulatingelovl5 |