Lasiodiplodia theobromae as a causal pathogen of leaf blight, stem canker, and pod rot of Theobroma cacao in Malaysia
Abstract Symptoms of leaf blight, stem canker, and pod rot were observed on T. cacao during a series of samplings conducted in several states of Malaysia from September 2018 to March 2019. The identity of the pathogen that was responsible for the diseases was determined using morphological character...
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| Format: | Article |
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Nature Portfolio
2022-05-01
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| Series: | Scientific Reports |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-13057-9 |
| _version_ | 1811254236724330496 |
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| author | Abd Rahim Huda-Shakirah Nik Mohd Izham Mohamed Nor Latiffah Zakaria Yin-Hui Leong Masratul Hawa Mohd |
| author_facet | Abd Rahim Huda-Shakirah Nik Mohd Izham Mohamed Nor Latiffah Zakaria Yin-Hui Leong Masratul Hawa Mohd |
| author_sort | Abd Rahim Huda-Shakirah |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Symptoms of leaf blight, stem canker, and pod rot were observed on T. cacao during a series of samplings conducted in several states of Malaysia from September 2018 to March 2019. The identity of the pathogen that was responsible for the diseases was determined using morphological characteristics, DNA sequences, and phylogenetic analyses of multiple genes, namely, internal transcribed spacer (ITS), elongation translation factor 1-alpha (tef1-α), β-tubulin (tub2), and RNA polymerase subunit II (rpb2). A total of 57 isolates recovered from diseased leaves of T. cacao (13 isolates), stems (20 isolates), and pods (24 isolates) showed morphological features that resembled Lasiodiplodia sp. The identity of the isolates was further determined up to the species level by comparing DNA sequences and phylogenetic analyses of multiple genes. The phylogenetic analysis of the combined dataset of ITS, tef1-α, tub2, and rpb2 elucidated that all of the isolates obtained were Lasiodiplodia theobromae as supported by 97% bootstrap value. The results of pathogenicity tests revealed L. theobromae as the causal pathogen of leaf blight, stem canker, and pod rot of T. cacao. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T17:03:25Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-59b94fd980fd416ca6308680eaae4890 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T17:03:25Z |
| publishDate | 2022-05-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj.art-59b94fd980fd416ca6308680eaae48902022-12-22T03:24:00ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222022-05-0112111410.1038/s41598-022-13057-9Lasiodiplodia theobromae as a causal pathogen of leaf blight, stem canker, and pod rot of Theobroma cacao in MalaysiaAbd Rahim Huda-Shakirah0Nik Mohd Izham Mohamed Nor1Latiffah Zakaria2Yin-Hui Leong3Masratul Hawa Mohd4School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains MalaysiaSchool of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains MalaysiaSchool of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains MalaysiaNational Poison Centre, Universiti Sains MalaysiaSchool of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains MalaysiaAbstract Symptoms of leaf blight, stem canker, and pod rot were observed on T. cacao during a series of samplings conducted in several states of Malaysia from September 2018 to March 2019. The identity of the pathogen that was responsible for the diseases was determined using morphological characteristics, DNA sequences, and phylogenetic analyses of multiple genes, namely, internal transcribed spacer (ITS), elongation translation factor 1-alpha (tef1-α), β-tubulin (tub2), and RNA polymerase subunit II (rpb2). A total of 57 isolates recovered from diseased leaves of T. cacao (13 isolates), stems (20 isolates), and pods (24 isolates) showed morphological features that resembled Lasiodiplodia sp. The identity of the isolates was further determined up to the species level by comparing DNA sequences and phylogenetic analyses of multiple genes. The phylogenetic analysis of the combined dataset of ITS, tef1-α, tub2, and rpb2 elucidated that all of the isolates obtained were Lasiodiplodia theobromae as supported by 97% bootstrap value. The results of pathogenicity tests revealed L. theobromae as the causal pathogen of leaf blight, stem canker, and pod rot of T. cacao.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-13057-9 |
| spellingShingle | Abd Rahim Huda-Shakirah Nik Mohd Izham Mohamed Nor Latiffah Zakaria Yin-Hui Leong Masratul Hawa Mohd Lasiodiplodia theobromae as a causal pathogen of leaf blight, stem canker, and pod rot of Theobroma cacao in Malaysia Scientific Reports |
| title | Lasiodiplodia theobromae as a causal pathogen of leaf blight, stem canker, and pod rot of Theobroma cacao in Malaysia |
| title_full | Lasiodiplodia theobromae as a causal pathogen of leaf blight, stem canker, and pod rot of Theobroma cacao in Malaysia |
| title_fullStr | Lasiodiplodia theobromae as a causal pathogen of leaf blight, stem canker, and pod rot of Theobroma cacao in Malaysia |
| title_full_unstemmed | Lasiodiplodia theobromae as a causal pathogen of leaf blight, stem canker, and pod rot of Theobroma cacao in Malaysia |
| title_short | Lasiodiplodia theobromae as a causal pathogen of leaf blight, stem canker, and pod rot of Theobroma cacao in Malaysia |
| title_sort | lasiodiplodia theobromae as a causal pathogen of leaf blight stem canker and pod rot of theobroma cacao in malaysia |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-13057-9 |
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