Evaluation of Nanofiltration Membranes for the Purification of Monosaccharides: Influence of pH, Temperature, and Sulfates on the Solute Retention and Fouling

Furfural, acetic acid, and sulfates are found in the hemicellulose (HMC) fraction of lignocellulosic biomass. Separation of furfural, acetic acid, and sulfates from monosaccharides by four nanofiltration (NF) membranes was evaluated with a model solution of glucose, xylose, furfural, acetic acid, an...

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Main Authors: Buddhika Rathnayake, Hanna Valkama, Markku Ohenoja, Jasmiina Haverinen, Riitta L. Keiski
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2022-11-01
Series:Membranes
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0375/12/12/1210
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author Buddhika Rathnayake
Hanna Valkama
Markku Ohenoja
Jasmiina Haverinen
Riitta L. Keiski
author_facet Buddhika Rathnayake
Hanna Valkama
Markku Ohenoja
Jasmiina Haverinen
Riitta L. Keiski
author_sort Buddhika Rathnayake
collection DOAJ
description Furfural, acetic acid, and sulfates are found in the hemicellulose (HMC) fraction of lignocellulosic biomass. Separation of furfural, acetic acid, and sulfates from monosaccharides by four nanofiltration (NF) membranes was evaluated with a model solution of glucose, xylose, furfural, acetic acid, and sulfates. Results showed that Alfa Laval NF99HF is the most promising membrane to purify monosaccharides, with the retentions of xylose (85%), glucose (95%), and with the minimum sulfate retention. pH has the highest impact on the retention of all solutes and there is no significant effect of temperature on the retentions of sulphates and acetic acid. Lower pH and temperature are favored to maximize the monosaccharide retention and to remove acetic acid while retaining more furfural with the monosaccharides. Moreover, fouling tendency is maximized at lower pH and higher temperatures. According to the statistical analysis, the retentions of glucose, xylose, furfural, sulfates, and acetic acid are 95%, 90%, 20%, 88%, and 0%, respectively at pH 3 and 25 °C. The presence of sulfates favors the separation of acetic acid and furfural from monosaccharides.
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spelling doaj.art-59ccbea7ac24497586129ca3d3ae38672023-11-24T16:35:21ZengMDPI AGMembranes2077-03752022-11-011212121010.3390/membranes12121210Evaluation of Nanofiltration Membranes for the Purification of Monosaccharides: Influence of pH, Temperature, and Sulfates on the Solute Retention and FoulingBuddhika Rathnayake0Hanna Valkama1Markku Ohenoja2Jasmiina Haverinen3Riitta L. Keiski4Environmental and Chemical Engineering Research Unit, Faculty of Technology, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 4300, FI-90014 Oulu, FinlandEnvironmental and Chemical Engineering Research Unit, Faculty of Technology, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 4300, FI-90014 Oulu, FinlandEnvironmental and Chemical Engineering Research Unit, Faculty of Technology, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 4300, FI-90014 Oulu, FinlandUnit of Measurement Technology, Kajaani University Consortium, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 127, FI-87400 Kajaani, FinlandEnvironmental and Chemical Engineering Research Unit, Faculty of Technology, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 4300, FI-90014 Oulu, FinlandFurfural, acetic acid, and sulfates are found in the hemicellulose (HMC) fraction of lignocellulosic biomass. Separation of furfural, acetic acid, and sulfates from monosaccharides by four nanofiltration (NF) membranes was evaluated with a model solution of glucose, xylose, furfural, acetic acid, and sulfates. Results showed that Alfa Laval NF99HF is the most promising membrane to purify monosaccharides, with the retentions of xylose (85%), glucose (95%), and with the minimum sulfate retention. pH has the highest impact on the retention of all solutes and there is no significant effect of temperature on the retentions of sulphates and acetic acid. Lower pH and temperature are favored to maximize the monosaccharide retention and to remove acetic acid while retaining more furfural with the monosaccharides. Moreover, fouling tendency is maximized at lower pH and higher temperatures. According to the statistical analysis, the retentions of glucose, xylose, furfural, sulfates, and acetic acid are 95%, 90%, 20%, 88%, and 0%, respectively at pH 3 and 25 °C. The presence of sulfates favors the separation of acetic acid and furfural from monosaccharides.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0375/12/12/1210nanofiltrationlignocellulosic biomassmonosaccharide recoverynegative retentionfoulingdiafiltration
spellingShingle Buddhika Rathnayake
Hanna Valkama
Markku Ohenoja
Jasmiina Haverinen
Riitta L. Keiski
Evaluation of Nanofiltration Membranes for the Purification of Monosaccharides: Influence of pH, Temperature, and Sulfates on the Solute Retention and Fouling
Membranes
nanofiltration
lignocellulosic biomass
monosaccharide recovery
negative retention
fouling
diafiltration
title Evaluation of Nanofiltration Membranes for the Purification of Monosaccharides: Influence of pH, Temperature, and Sulfates on the Solute Retention and Fouling
title_full Evaluation of Nanofiltration Membranes for the Purification of Monosaccharides: Influence of pH, Temperature, and Sulfates on the Solute Retention and Fouling
title_fullStr Evaluation of Nanofiltration Membranes for the Purification of Monosaccharides: Influence of pH, Temperature, and Sulfates on the Solute Retention and Fouling
title_full_unstemmed Evaluation of Nanofiltration Membranes for the Purification of Monosaccharides: Influence of pH, Temperature, and Sulfates on the Solute Retention and Fouling
title_short Evaluation of Nanofiltration Membranes for the Purification of Monosaccharides: Influence of pH, Temperature, and Sulfates on the Solute Retention and Fouling
title_sort evaluation of nanofiltration membranes for the purification of monosaccharides influence of ph temperature and sulfates on the solute retention and fouling
topic nanofiltration
lignocellulosic biomass
monosaccharide recovery
negative retention
fouling
diafiltration
url https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0375/12/12/1210
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