The Hallmarks of Cervical Cancer: Molecular Mechanisms Induced by Human Papillomavirus
Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) and, specifically, high-risk HPVs (HR-HPVs) are identified as necessary factors in the development of cancer of the lower genital tract, with CaCU standing out as the most prevalent tumor. This review summarizes ten mechanisms activated by HR-HPVs during cervical carcin...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2024-01-01
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| Series: | Biology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/13/2/77 |
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| author | Pedro Rosendo-Chalma Verónica Antonio-Véjar Jonnathan Gerardo Ortiz Tejedor Jose Ortiz Segarra Bernardo Vega Crespo Gabriele Davide Bigoni-Ordóñez |
| author_facet | Pedro Rosendo-Chalma Verónica Antonio-Véjar Jonnathan Gerardo Ortiz Tejedor Jose Ortiz Segarra Bernardo Vega Crespo Gabriele Davide Bigoni-Ordóñez |
| author_sort | Pedro Rosendo-Chalma |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) and, specifically, high-risk HPVs (HR-HPVs) are identified as necessary factors in the development of cancer of the lower genital tract, with CaCU standing out as the most prevalent tumor. This review summarizes ten mechanisms activated by HR-HPVs during cervical carcinogenesis, which are broadly associated with at least seven of the fourteen distinctive physiological capacities of cancer in the newly established model by Hanahan in 2022. These mechanisms involve infection by human papillomavirus, cellular tropism, genetic predisposition to uterine cervical cancer (CaCU), viral load, viral physical state, regulation of epigenetic mechanisms, loss of function of the E2 protein, deregulated expression of E6/E7 oncogenes, regulation of host cell protein function, and acquisition of the mesenchymal phenotype. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-07T22:41:38Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-59d43d55149a4b1984afb03341aebb20 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-7737 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-07T22:41:38Z |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biology |
| spelling | doaj.art-59d43d55149a4b1984afb03341aebb202024-02-23T15:08:07ZengMDPI AGBiology2079-77372024-01-011327710.3390/biology13020077The Hallmarks of Cervical Cancer: Molecular Mechanisms Induced by Human PapillomavirusPedro Rosendo-Chalma0Verónica Antonio-Véjar1Jonnathan Gerardo Ortiz Tejedor2Jose Ortiz Segarra3Bernardo Vega Crespo4Gabriele Davide Bigoni-Ordóñez5Laboratorio de Virus y Cáncer, Unidad de Investigación Biomédica en Cáncer of Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (IIB-UNAM), Mexico City 14080, MexicoLaboratorio de Biomedicina Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo 39090, Guerrero, MexicoUnidad Académica de Posgrado, Universidad Católica de Cuenca, Cuenca 010101, EcuadorCarrera de Medicina, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad de Cuenca, Cuenca 010107, EcuadorCarrera de Medicina, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad de Cuenca, Cuenca 010107, EcuadorCarrera de Laboratorio Clínico, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad de Cuenca, Cuenca 010107, EcuadorHuman papillomaviruses (HPVs) and, specifically, high-risk HPVs (HR-HPVs) are identified as necessary factors in the development of cancer of the lower genital tract, with CaCU standing out as the most prevalent tumor. This review summarizes ten mechanisms activated by HR-HPVs during cervical carcinogenesis, which are broadly associated with at least seven of the fourteen distinctive physiological capacities of cancer in the newly established model by Hanahan in 2022. These mechanisms involve infection by human papillomavirus, cellular tropism, genetic predisposition to uterine cervical cancer (CaCU), viral load, viral physical state, regulation of epigenetic mechanisms, loss of function of the E2 protein, deregulated expression of E6/E7 oncogenes, regulation of host cell protein function, and acquisition of the mesenchymal phenotype.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/13/2/77HPVuterine cervical cancerviral loadviral physical stateintegrationmethylation |
| spellingShingle | Pedro Rosendo-Chalma Verónica Antonio-Véjar Jonnathan Gerardo Ortiz Tejedor Jose Ortiz Segarra Bernardo Vega Crespo Gabriele Davide Bigoni-Ordóñez The Hallmarks of Cervical Cancer: Molecular Mechanisms Induced by Human Papillomavirus Biology HPV uterine cervical cancer viral load viral physical state integration methylation |
| title | The Hallmarks of Cervical Cancer: Molecular Mechanisms Induced by Human Papillomavirus |
| title_full | The Hallmarks of Cervical Cancer: Molecular Mechanisms Induced by Human Papillomavirus |
| title_fullStr | The Hallmarks of Cervical Cancer: Molecular Mechanisms Induced by Human Papillomavirus |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Hallmarks of Cervical Cancer: Molecular Mechanisms Induced by Human Papillomavirus |
| title_short | The Hallmarks of Cervical Cancer: Molecular Mechanisms Induced by Human Papillomavirus |
| title_sort | hallmarks of cervical cancer molecular mechanisms induced by human papillomavirus |
| topic | HPV uterine cervical cancer viral load viral physical state integration methylation |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/13/2/77 |
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