Adolescent Intermittent Ethanol Drives Modest Neuroinflammation but Does Not Escalate Drinking in Male Rats
During adolescence, the brain is highly susceptible to alcohol-induced damage and subsequent neuroimmune responses, effects which may enhance development of an alcohol use disorder (AUD). Neuroimmune reactions are implicated in adolescent alcohol exposure escalating adulthood drinking. Therefore, we...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2023-11-01
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| Series: | Cells |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/12/21/2572 |
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| author | Jessica I. Wooden Lauren E. Peacoe Chinchusha Anasooya Shaji Jennifer K. Melbourne Cassie M. Chandler Michael T. Bardo Kimberly Nixon |
| author_facet | Jessica I. Wooden Lauren E. Peacoe Chinchusha Anasooya Shaji Jennifer K. Melbourne Cassie M. Chandler Michael T. Bardo Kimberly Nixon |
| author_sort | Jessica I. Wooden |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | During adolescence, the brain is highly susceptible to alcohol-induced damage and subsequent neuroimmune responses, effects which may enhance development of an alcohol use disorder (AUD). Neuroimmune reactions are implicated in adolescent alcohol exposure escalating adulthood drinking. Therefore, we investigated whether intermittent alcohol exposure in male, adolescent rats (AIE) escalated adult drinking via two-bottle choice (2BC). We also examined the influence of housing environment across three groups: standard (group-housed with enrichment during 2BC), impoverished (group-housed without enrichment during 2BC), or isolation (single-housed without bedding or enrichment throughout). In the standard group immediately after AIE/saline and after 2BC, we also examined the expression of microglial marker, Iba1, reactive astrocyte marker, vimentin, and neuronal cell death dye, FluoroJade B (FJB). We did not observe an escalation of adulthood drinking following AIE, regardless of housing condition. Further, only a modest neuroimmune response occurred after AIE in the standard group: no significant microglial reactivity or neuronal cell death was apparent using this model, although some astrocyte reactivity was detected in adolescence following AIE that resolved by adulthood. These data suggest that the lack of neuroimmune response in adolescence in this model may underlie the lack of escalation of alcohol drinking, which could not be modified through isolation stress. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T11:31:37Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-59e18004e79a4d4590e0c0ac61e66216 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4409 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T11:31:37Z |
| publishDate | 2023-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cells |
| spelling | doaj.art-59e18004e79a4d4590e0c0ac61e662162023-11-10T15:00:49ZengMDPI AGCells2073-44092023-11-011221257210.3390/cells12212572Adolescent Intermittent Ethanol Drives Modest Neuroinflammation but Does Not Escalate Drinking in Male RatsJessica I. Wooden0Lauren E. Peacoe1Chinchusha Anasooya Shaji2Jennifer K. Melbourne3Cassie M. Chandler4Michael T. Bardo5Kimberly Nixon6Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USADivision of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USADivision of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USADivision of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USADepartment of Psychology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USADepartment of Psychology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USADivision of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USADuring adolescence, the brain is highly susceptible to alcohol-induced damage and subsequent neuroimmune responses, effects which may enhance development of an alcohol use disorder (AUD). Neuroimmune reactions are implicated in adolescent alcohol exposure escalating adulthood drinking. Therefore, we investigated whether intermittent alcohol exposure in male, adolescent rats (AIE) escalated adult drinking via two-bottle choice (2BC). We also examined the influence of housing environment across three groups: standard (group-housed with enrichment during 2BC), impoverished (group-housed without enrichment during 2BC), or isolation (single-housed without bedding or enrichment throughout). In the standard group immediately after AIE/saline and after 2BC, we also examined the expression of microglial marker, Iba1, reactive astrocyte marker, vimentin, and neuronal cell death dye, FluoroJade B (FJB). We did not observe an escalation of adulthood drinking following AIE, regardless of housing condition. Further, only a modest neuroimmune response occurred after AIE in the standard group: no significant microglial reactivity or neuronal cell death was apparent using this model, although some astrocyte reactivity was detected in adolescence following AIE that resolved by adulthood. These data suggest that the lack of neuroimmune response in adolescence in this model may underlie the lack of escalation of alcohol drinking, which could not be modified through isolation stress.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/12/21/2572adolescenceethanolmicrogliaastrocytessocial isolationstress |
| spellingShingle | Jessica I. Wooden Lauren E. Peacoe Chinchusha Anasooya Shaji Jennifer K. Melbourne Cassie M. Chandler Michael T. Bardo Kimberly Nixon Adolescent Intermittent Ethanol Drives Modest Neuroinflammation but Does Not Escalate Drinking in Male Rats Cells adolescence ethanol microglia astrocytes social isolation stress |
| title | Adolescent Intermittent Ethanol Drives Modest Neuroinflammation but Does Not Escalate Drinking in Male Rats |
| title_full | Adolescent Intermittent Ethanol Drives Modest Neuroinflammation but Does Not Escalate Drinking in Male Rats |
| title_fullStr | Adolescent Intermittent Ethanol Drives Modest Neuroinflammation but Does Not Escalate Drinking in Male Rats |
| title_full_unstemmed | Adolescent Intermittent Ethanol Drives Modest Neuroinflammation but Does Not Escalate Drinking in Male Rats |
| title_short | Adolescent Intermittent Ethanol Drives Modest Neuroinflammation but Does Not Escalate Drinking in Male Rats |
| title_sort | adolescent intermittent ethanol drives modest neuroinflammation but does not escalate drinking in male rats |
| topic | adolescence ethanol microglia astrocytes social isolation stress |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/12/21/2572 |
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