Artesunate-tinospora combination treatment decreases nuclear factor kappa-B and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 expression in mouse malarial models
Background Cerebral malaria is a severe form of malaria caused by brain ischemia. Artesunate, an artemisinin derivative, is the standard WHO therapy for severe malaria. Tinospora crispa (brotowali) is a traditional plant with antiinflammatory, antioxidant and antiparasitic properties. The aim of thi...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Faculty of Medicine Trisakti University
2016-12-01
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| Series: | Universa Medicina |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://univmed.org/ejurnal/index.php/medicina/article/view/353 |
| _version_ | 1818514793405874176 |
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| author | Nur Izzati Loeki Enggar Fitri Mochammad Dalhar |
| author_facet | Nur Izzati Loeki Enggar Fitri Mochammad Dalhar |
| author_sort | Nur Izzati |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background
Cerebral malaria is a severe form of malaria caused by brain ischemia. Artesunate, an artemisinin derivative, is the standard WHO therapy for severe malaria. Tinospora crispa (brotowali) is a traditional plant with antiinflammatory, antioxidant and antiparasitic properties. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of combinations of artesunate and T. crispa extract on nuclear factor kappa-B (NFêB) and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) expression in the brain of mouse malaria models.
Methods
This was an experimental post-test only control group study using C57BL/6J mice infected with Plasmodium berghei, divided into 7 groups: negative control, positive control, group receiving artesunate 32 mg/kgBW, group receiving tinospora extract 3.5 mg/kgBW, and three groups receiving combinations of artesunate 32 mg/kgBW and tinospora extract 2.5 mg/kgBW, 3 mg/kgBW and 3.5 mg/BW, respectively. The expression of NFêB and ICAM-1 was measured by immunohistochemistry. One-way ANOVA was used to analyze the data.
Results
NFkB and ICAM-1 expression increased significantly in the positive controls compared to all other groups (p=0.000). NFkB expression was significantly lower in the groups receiving artesunate and tinospora at 3 mg/kgBW and 3.5 mg/kgBW, as compared with the artesunate only group (p=0.003; p=0.005) and the tinospora extract only group (p=0.001; p=0.003). NFkB expression in all combination treatment groups was similar to that in the negative controls (p>0.05), whereas ICAM-1 expression did not differ between single and combination treatment groups (p>0.05).
Conclusion
The combination of artesunate and T. crispa extract is better in decreasing NFêB and ICAM-1 expression in the brain of mouse malaria models. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T00:20:37Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-59f4eb6d58354fa78956d3cbb255f023 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1907-3062 2407-2230 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T00:20:37Z |
| publishDate | 2016-12-01 |
| publisher | Faculty of Medicine Trisakti University |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Universa Medicina |
| spelling | doaj.art-59f4eb6d58354fa78956d3cbb255f0232022-12-22T01:27:46ZengFaculty of Medicine Trisakti UniversityUniversa Medicina1907-30622407-22302016-12-0135322222810.18051/UnivMed.2016.v35.222-228280Artesunate-tinospora combination treatment decreases nuclear factor kappa-B and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 expression in mouse malarial modelsNur Izzati0Loeki Enggar Fitri1Mochammad Dalhar2Master of Biomedical Science Program, Study Program for Specialist in Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Brawijaya University/ RSUD dr.Saiful Anwar MalangDepartment of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Brawijaya University, MalanDepartment of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Brawijaya University/ RSUD dr.Saiful Anwar, MalangBackground Cerebral malaria is a severe form of malaria caused by brain ischemia. Artesunate, an artemisinin derivative, is the standard WHO therapy for severe malaria. Tinospora crispa (brotowali) is a traditional plant with antiinflammatory, antioxidant and antiparasitic properties. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of combinations of artesunate and T. crispa extract on nuclear factor kappa-B (NFêB) and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) expression in the brain of mouse malaria models. Methods This was an experimental post-test only control group study using C57BL/6J mice infected with Plasmodium berghei, divided into 7 groups: negative control, positive control, group receiving artesunate 32 mg/kgBW, group receiving tinospora extract 3.5 mg/kgBW, and three groups receiving combinations of artesunate 32 mg/kgBW and tinospora extract 2.5 mg/kgBW, 3 mg/kgBW and 3.5 mg/BW, respectively. The expression of NFêB and ICAM-1 was measured by immunohistochemistry. One-way ANOVA was used to analyze the data. Results NFkB and ICAM-1 expression increased significantly in the positive controls compared to all other groups (p=0.000). NFkB expression was significantly lower in the groups receiving artesunate and tinospora at 3 mg/kgBW and 3.5 mg/kgBW, as compared with the artesunate only group (p=0.003; p=0.005) and the tinospora extract only group (p=0.001; p=0.003). NFkB expression in all combination treatment groups was similar to that in the negative controls (p>0.05), whereas ICAM-1 expression did not differ between single and combination treatment groups (p>0.05). Conclusion The combination of artesunate and T. crispa extract is better in decreasing NFêB and ICAM-1 expression in the brain of mouse malaria models.https://univmed.org/ejurnal/index.php/medicina/article/view/353artesunatetinosporaicam-1malarianfkbmouse |
| spellingShingle | Nur Izzati Loeki Enggar Fitri Mochammad Dalhar Artesunate-tinospora combination treatment decreases nuclear factor kappa-B and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 expression in mouse malarial models Universa Medicina artesunate tinospora icam-1 malaria nfkb mouse |
| title | Artesunate-tinospora combination treatment decreases nuclear factor kappa-B and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 expression in mouse malarial models |
| title_full | Artesunate-tinospora combination treatment decreases nuclear factor kappa-B and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 expression in mouse malarial models |
| title_fullStr | Artesunate-tinospora combination treatment decreases nuclear factor kappa-B and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 expression in mouse malarial models |
| title_full_unstemmed | Artesunate-tinospora combination treatment decreases nuclear factor kappa-B and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 expression in mouse malarial models |
| title_short | Artesunate-tinospora combination treatment decreases nuclear factor kappa-B and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 expression in mouse malarial models |
| title_sort | artesunate tinospora combination treatment decreases nuclear factor kappa b and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 expression in mouse malarial models |
| topic | artesunate tinospora icam-1 malaria nfkb mouse |
| url | https://univmed.org/ejurnal/index.php/medicina/article/view/353 |
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