Design and Analysis of a Flexible Smart Apparel MIMO Antenna for Bio-Healthcare Applications
This paper presents the design and development of a quad-port smart textile antenna for bio-healthcare applications. The antenna is designed to operate in the ultra-wideband (UWB) spectrum (3.1–12 GHz) with an impedance bandwidth of 8.9 GHz. The size of the unit cell and multiple-input multiple-outp...
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MDPI AG
2022-11-01
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| Series: | Micromachines |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-666X/13/11/1919 |
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| author | Thennarasi Govindan Sandeep Kumar Palaniswamy Malathi Kanagasabai Sachin Kumar Mohamed Marey Hala Mostafa |
| author_facet | Thennarasi Govindan Sandeep Kumar Palaniswamy Malathi Kanagasabai Sachin Kumar Mohamed Marey Hala Mostafa |
| author_sort | Thennarasi Govindan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This paper presents the design and development of a quad-port smart textile antenna for bio-healthcare applications. The antenna is designed to operate in the ultra-wideband (UWB) spectrum (3.1–12 GHz) with an impedance bandwidth of 8.9 GHz. The size of the unit cell and multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna are 0.25<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><msub><mi>λ</mi><mn>0</mn></msub></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> × 0.2<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><msub><mi>λ</mi><mn>0</mn></msub></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> × 0.015<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><msub><mi>λ</mi><mn>0</mn></msub></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> and 0.52<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><msub><mi>λ</mi><mn>0</mn></msub></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> × 0.52<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><msub><mi>λ</mi><mn>0</mn></msub></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> × 0.015<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><msub><mi>λ</mi><mn>0</mn></msub></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>, respectively. The antenna has a maximum efficiency of 93% and a peak gain of 4.62 dBi. The investigation of diversity metrics is performed and the results obtained are found to be ECC < 0.08 and DG < 9.99 dB. The computed CCL and TARC values are <0.13 bits/s/Hz and <−12 dB, respectively. The SAR analysis of the antenna shows a value of 0.471 Watt/Kg at 4 GHz, 0.39 Watt/Kg at 7 GHz, and 0.22 Watt/Kg at 10 GHz. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T18:49:52Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-59ff619fab024e7fa5fb62ef865b43ee |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-666X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T18:49:52Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
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| series | Micromachines |
| spelling | doaj.art-59ff619fab024e7fa5fb62ef865b43ee2023-11-24T05:55:13ZengMDPI AGMicromachines2072-666X2022-11-011311191910.3390/mi13111919Design and Analysis of a Flexible Smart Apparel MIMO Antenna for Bio-Healthcare ApplicationsThennarasi Govindan0Sandeep Kumar Palaniswamy1Malathi Kanagasabai2Sachin Kumar3Mohamed Marey4Hala Mostafa5Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, IndiaDepartment of Electronics and Communication Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, IndiaDepartment of Electronics and Communication Engineering, College of Engineering, Anna University, Chennai 600025, IndiaDepartment of Electronics and Communication Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, IndiaSmart Systems Engineering Laboratory, College of Engineering, Prince Sultan University, Riyadh 11586, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Information Technology, College of Computer and Information Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi ArabiaThis paper presents the design and development of a quad-port smart textile antenna for bio-healthcare applications. The antenna is designed to operate in the ultra-wideband (UWB) spectrum (3.1–12 GHz) with an impedance bandwidth of 8.9 GHz. The size of the unit cell and multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna are 0.25<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><msub><mi>λ</mi><mn>0</mn></msub></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> × 0.2<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><msub><mi>λ</mi><mn>0</mn></msub></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> × 0.015<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><msub><mi>λ</mi><mn>0</mn></msub></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> and 0.52<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><msub><mi>λ</mi><mn>0</mn></msub></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> × 0.52<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><msub><mi>λ</mi><mn>0</mn></msub></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> × 0.015<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><msub><mi>λ</mi><mn>0</mn></msub></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>, respectively. The antenna has a maximum efficiency of 93% and a peak gain of 4.62 dBi. The investigation of diversity metrics is performed and the results obtained are found to be ECC < 0.08 and DG < 9.99 dB. The computed CCL and TARC values are <0.13 bits/s/Hz and <−12 dB, respectively. The SAR analysis of the antenna shows a value of 0.471 Watt/Kg at 4 GHz, 0.39 Watt/Kg at 7 GHz, and 0.22 Watt/Kg at 10 GHz.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-666X/13/11/1919flexibleMIMO antennasmart apparelsmart textileUWBwearable |
| spellingShingle | Thennarasi Govindan Sandeep Kumar Palaniswamy Malathi Kanagasabai Sachin Kumar Mohamed Marey Hala Mostafa Design and Analysis of a Flexible Smart Apparel MIMO Antenna for Bio-Healthcare Applications Micromachines flexible MIMO antenna smart apparel smart textile UWB wearable |
| title | Design and Analysis of a Flexible Smart Apparel MIMO Antenna for Bio-Healthcare Applications |
| title_full | Design and Analysis of a Flexible Smart Apparel MIMO Antenna for Bio-Healthcare Applications |
| title_fullStr | Design and Analysis of a Flexible Smart Apparel MIMO Antenna for Bio-Healthcare Applications |
| title_full_unstemmed | Design and Analysis of a Flexible Smart Apparel MIMO Antenna for Bio-Healthcare Applications |
| title_short | Design and Analysis of a Flexible Smart Apparel MIMO Antenna for Bio-Healthcare Applications |
| title_sort | design and analysis of a flexible smart apparel mimo antenna for bio healthcare applications |
| topic | flexible MIMO antenna smart apparel smart textile UWB wearable |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-666X/13/11/1919 |
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