Sublethal Effects of Crude Oil and Chemical Dispersants on Multiple Life History Stages of the Eastern Oyster, <i>Crassostrea virginica</i>
The eastern oyster <i>Crassostrea virginica</i> is an ecologically and economically important species that is vulnerable to oil pollution. We assessed sublethal effects of soluble fractions of crude oil alone (WAF) and crude oil in combination with Corexit 9500 dispersant (CEWAF) on oyst...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-10-01
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| Series: | Journal of Marine Science and Engineering |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/8/10/808 |
| _version_ | 1797550520177524736 |
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| author | Sara M. Garcia Kevin T. Du Clos Olivia H. Hawkins Brad J. Gemmell |
| author_facet | Sara M. Garcia Kevin T. Du Clos Olivia H. Hawkins Brad J. Gemmell |
| author_sort | Sara M. Garcia |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The eastern oyster <i>Crassostrea virginica</i> is an ecologically and economically important species that is vulnerable to oil pollution. We assessed sublethal effects of soluble fractions of crude oil alone (WAF) and crude oil in combination with Corexit 9500 dispersant (CEWAF) on oysters at three life history stages. Veliger swimming, pediveliger settlement, and adult clearance rates were quantified after 24 h exposures to the contaminants. Veliger swimming speeds were not significantly impacted by 24 h exposures to WAF or CEWAF. A larger proportion of veligers were inactive following WAF and CEWAF exposure as compared to the control, but the effect was greater for pediveligers, and pediveliger settlement in the highest concentration CEWAF treatment decreased by 50% compared to controls. Thus, pediveligers may be particularly vulnerable to oil exposure. In the adults, we found significant clearance rates reductions that persisted 33 days after acute exposure to CEWAF. Knowledge of sublethal effects of oil and dispersant at multiple life history stages aids understanding of how this important species will respond to an oil spill. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T15:31:29Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-59ffe917b5bb4c52ac7d8a6d50bcc90c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2077-1312 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T15:31:29Z |
| publishDate | 2020-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Marine Science and Engineering |
| spelling | doaj.art-59ffe917b5bb4c52ac7d8a6d50bcc90c2023-11-20T17:37:23ZengMDPI AGJournal of Marine Science and Engineering2077-13122020-10-0181080810.3390/jmse8100808Sublethal Effects of Crude Oil and Chemical Dispersants on Multiple Life History Stages of the Eastern Oyster, <i>Crassostrea virginica</i>Sara M. Garcia0Kevin T. Du Clos1Olivia H. Hawkins2Brad J. Gemmell3Department of Integrative Biology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USADepartment of Integrative Biology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USADepartment of Integrative Biology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USADepartment of Integrative Biology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USAThe eastern oyster <i>Crassostrea virginica</i> is an ecologically and economically important species that is vulnerable to oil pollution. We assessed sublethal effects of soluble fractions of crude oil alone (WAF) and crude oil in combination with Corexit 9500 dispersant (CEWAF) on oysters at three life history stages. Veliger swimming, pediveliger settlement, and adult clearance rates were quantified after 24 h exposures to the contaminants. Veliger swimming speeds were not significantly impacted by 24 h exposures to WAF or CEWAF. A larger proportion of veligers were inactive following WAF and CEWAF exposure as compared to the control, but the effect was greater for pediveligers, and pediveliger settlement in the highest concentration CEWAF treatment decreased by 50% compared to controls. Thus, pediveligers may be particularly vulnerable to oil exposure. In the adults, we found significant clearance rates reductions that persisted 33 days after acute exposure to CEWAF. Knowledge of sublethal effects of oil and dispersant at multiple life history stages aids understanding of how this important species will respond to an oil spill.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/8/10/808larvaesettlementclearance rateCorexitveligerpediveliger |
| spellingShingle | Sara M. Garcia Kevin T. Du Clos Olivia H. Hawkins Brad J. Gemmell Sublethal Effects of Crude Oil and Chemical Dispersants on Multiple Life History Stages of the Eastern Oyster, <i>Crassostrea virginica</i> Journal of Marine Science and Engineering larvae settlement clearance rate Corexit veliger pediveliger |
| title | Sublethal Effects of Crude Oil and Chemical Dispersants on Multiple Life History Stages of the Eastern Oyster, <i>Crassostrea virginica</i> |
| title_full | Sublethal Effects of Crude Oil and Chemical Dispersants on Multiple Life History Stages of the Eastern Oyster, <i>Crassostrea virginica</i> |
| title_fullStr | Sublethal Effects of Crude Oil and Chemical Dispersants on Multiple Life History Stages of the Eastern Oyster, <i>Crassostrea virginica</i> |
| title_full_unstemmed | Sublethal Effects of Crude Oil and Chemical Dispersants on Multiple Life History Stages of the Eastern Oyster, <i>Crassostrea virginica</i> |
| title_short | Sublethal Effects of Crude Oil and Chemical Dispersants on Multiple Life History Stages of the Eastern Oyster, <i>Crassostrea virginica</i> |
| title_sort | sublethal effects of crude oil and chemical dispersants on multiple life history stages of the eastern oyster i crassostrea virginica i |
| topic | larvae settlement clearance rate Corexit veliger pediveliger |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/8/10/808 |
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