Distribution of the Water-Soluble Astaxanthin Binding Carotenoprotein (AstaP) in Scenedesmaceae
Photooxidative stress-inducible water-soluble astaxanthin-binding proteins, designated as AstaP, were identified in two Scenedesmaceae strains, <i>Coelastrella astaxanthina</i> Ki-4 and <i>Scenedesmus obtusus</i> Oki-4N; both strains were isolated under high light conditions....
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MDPI AG
2021-06-01
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author | Hiroki Toyoshima Ami Miyata Risako Yoshida Taichiro Ishige Shinichi Takaichi Shinji Kawasaki |
author_facet | Hiroki Toyoshima Ami Miyata Risako Yoshida Taichiro Ishige Shinichi Takaichi Shinji Kawasaki |
author_sort | Hiroki Toyoshima |
collection | DOAJ |
description | Photooxidative stress-inducible water-soluble astaxanthin-binding proteins, designated as AstaP, were identified in two Scenedesmaceae strains, <i>Coelastrella astaxanthina</i> Ki-4 and <i>Scenedesmus obtusus</i> Oki-4N; both strains were isolated under high light conditions. These AstaPs are classified as a novel family of carotenoprotein and are useful for providing valuable astaxanthin in water-soluble form; however, the distribution of AstaP orthologs in other microalgae remains unknown. Here, we examined the distribution of AstaP orthologs in the family Scenedesmaceae with two model microalgae, <i>Chlamydomonas reinhardtii</i> and <i>Chlorella variabilis</i>. The expression of AstaP orthologs under photooxidative stress conditions was detected in cell extracts of Scenedesmaceae strains, but not in model algal strains. Aqueous orange proteins produced by Scenedesmaceae strains were shown to bind astaxanthin. The protein from <i>Scenedesmus costatus</i> SAG 46.88 was purified. It was named ScosAstaP and found to bind astaxanthin. The deduced amino acid sequence from a gene encoding ScosAstaP showed 62% identity to Ki-4 AstaP. The expression of the genes encoding AstaP orthologs was shown to be inducible under photooxidative stress conditions; however, the production amounts of AstaP orthologs were estimated to be approximately 5 to 10 times lower than that of Ki-4 and Oki-4N. |
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spelling | doaj.art-5a18e4eff8144f29a2dfd5a0cba85a3a2023-11-22T00:57:06ZengMDPI AGMarine Drugs1660-33972021-06-0119634910.3390/md19060349Distribution of the Water-Soluble Astaxanthin Binding Carotenoprotein (AstaP) in ScenedesmaceaeHiroki Toyoshima0Ami Miyata1Risako Yoshida2Taichiro Ishige3Shinichi Takaichi4Shinji Kawasaki5Department of Bioscience, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1-1-1 Sakuragaoka, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 156-8502, JapanDepartment of Bioscience, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1-1-1 Sakuragaoka, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 156-8502, JapanDepartment of Bioscience, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1-1-1 Sakuragaoka, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 156-8502, JapanNODAI Genome Research Centre, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1-1-1 Sakuragaoka, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 156-8502, JapanDepartment of Molecular Microbiology, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1-1-1 Sakuragaoka, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 156-8502, JapanDepartment of Bioscience, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1-1-1 Sakuragaoka, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 156-8502, JapanPhotooxidative stress-inducible water-soluble astaxanthin-binding proteins, designated as AstaP, were identified in two Scenedesmaceae strains, <i>Coelastrella astaxanthina</i> Ki-4 and <i>Scenedesmus obtusus</i> Oki-4N; both strains were isolated under high light conditions. These AstaPs are classified as a novel family of carotenoprotein and are useful for providing valuable astaxanthin in water-soluble form; however, the distribution of AstaP orthologs in other microalgae remains unknown. Here, we examined the distribution of AstaP orthologs in the family Scenedesmaceae with two model microalgae, <i>Chlamydomonas reinhardtii</i> and <i>Chlorella variabilis</i>. The expression of AstaP orthologs under photooxidative stress conditions was detected in cell extracts of Scenedesmaceae strains, but not in model algal strains. Aqueous orange proteins produced by Scenedesmaceae strains were shown to bind astaxanthin. The protein from <i>Scenedesmus costatus</i> SAG 46.88 was purified. It was named ScosAstaP and found to bind astaxanthin. The deduced amino acid sequence from a gene encoding ScosAstaP showed 62% identity to Ki-4 AstaP. The expression of the genes encoding AstaP orthologs was shown to be inducible under photooxidative stress conditions; however, the production amounts of AstaP orthologs were estimated to be approximately 5 to 10 times lower than that of Ki-4 and Oki-4N.https://www.mdpi.com/1660-3397/19/6/349astaxanthin<i>Scenedesmus</i><i>Coelastrella</i>carotenoproteinastaxanthin-binding protein |
spellingShingle | Hiroki Toyoshima Ami Miyata Risako Yoshida Taichiro Ishige Shinichi Takaichi Shinji Kawasaki Distribution of the Water-Soluble Astaxanthin Binding Carotenoprotein (AstaP) in Scenedesmaceae Marine Drugs astaxanthin <i>Scenedesmus</i> <i>Coelastrella</i> carotenoprotein astaxanthin-binding protein |
title | Distribution of the Water-Soluble Astaxanthin Binding Carotenoprotein (AstaP) in Scenedesmaceae |
title_full | Distribution of the Water-Soluble Astaxanthin Binding Carotenoprotein (AstaP) in Scenedesmaceae |
title_fullStr | Distribution of the Water-Soluble Astaxanthin Binding Carotenoprotein (AstaP) in Scenedesmaceae |
title_full_unstemmed | Distribution of the Water-Soluble Astaxanthin Binding Carotenoprotein (AstaP) in Scenedesmaceae |
title_short | Distribution of the Water-Soluble Astaxanthin Binding Carotenoprotein (AstaP) in Scenedesmaceae |
title_sort | distribution of the water soluble astaxanthin binding carotenoprotein astap in scenedesmaceae |
topic | astaxanthin <i>Scenedesmus</i> <i>Coelastrella</i> carotenoprotein astaxanthin-binding protein |
url | https://www.mdpi.com/1660-3397/19/6/349 |
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