Comparison of the mucosal and systemic antibody responses in Covid-19 recovered patients with one dose of mRNA vaccine and unexposed subjects with three doses of mRNA vaccines
BackgroundImmunity acquired from natural SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccine wanes overtime. This longitudinal prospective study compared the effect of a booster vaccine (BNT162b2) in inducing the mucosal (nasal) and serological antibody between Covid-19 recovered patients and healthy unexposed subject...
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| Format: | Article |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2023-01-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Immunology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1127401/full |
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| author | Shaojun Liu Joseph G. S. Tsun Genevieve P. G. Fung Grace C. Y. Lui Kathy Y. Y. Chan Paul K. S. Chan Renee W. Y. Chan Renee W. Y. Chan Renee W. Y. Chan Renee W. Y. Chan |
| author_facet | Shaojun Liu Joseph G. S. Tsun Genevieve P. G. Fung Grace C. Y. Lui Kathy Y. Y. Chan Paul K. S. Chan Renee W. Y. Chan Renee W. Y. Chan Renee W. Y. Chan Renee W. Y. Chan |
| author_sort | Shaojun Liu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | BackgroundImmunity acquired from natural SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccine wanes overtime. This longitudinal prospective study compared the effect of a booster vaccine (BNT162b2) in inducing the mucosal (nasal) and serological antibody between Covid-19 recovered patients and healthy unexposed subjects with two dose of mRNA vaccine (vaccine-only group).MethodEleven recovered patients and eleven gender-and-age matched unexposed subjects who had mRNA vaccines were recruited. The SARS-CoV-2 spike 1 (S1) protein specific IgA, IgG and the ACE2 binding inhibition to the ancestral SARS-CoV-2 and omicron (BA.1) variant receptor binding domain were measured in their nasal epithelial lining fluid and plasma.ResultIn the recovered group, the booster expanded the nasal IgA dominancy inherited from natural infection to IgA and IgG. They also had a higher S1-specific nasal and plasma IgA and IgG levels with a better inhibition against the omicron BA.1 variant and ancestral SARS-CoV-2 when compared with vaccine-only subjects. The nasal S1-specific IgA induced by natural infection lasted longer than those induced by vaccines while the plasma antibodies of both groups maintained at a high level for at least 21 weeks after booster.ConclusionThe booster benefited all subjects to obtain neutralizing antibody (NAb) against omicron BA.1 variant in plasma while only the Covid-19 recovered subjects had an extra enrichment in nasal NAb against omicron BA.1 variant. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-10T19:35:31Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5a1f2ee599624e2cbf5bcf6e1ade09b7 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-3224 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-10T19:35:31Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Immunology |
| spelling | doaj.art-5a1f2ee599624e2cbf5bcf6e1ade09b72023-01-30T05:48:32ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Immunology1664-32242023-01-011410.3389/fimmu.2023.11274011127401Comparison of the mucosal and systemic antibody responses in Covid-19 recovered patients with one dose of mRNA vaccine and unexposed subjects with three doses of mRNA vaccinesShaojun Liu0Joseph G. S. Tsun1Genevieve P. G. Fung2Grace C. Y. Lui3Kathy Y. Y. Chan4Paul K. S. Chan5Renee W. Y. Chan6Renee W. Y. Chan7Renee W. Y. Chan8Renee W. Y. Chan9Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, ChinaDepartment of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, ChinaDepartment of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, ChinaDepartment of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, ChinaDepartment of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, ChinaDepartment of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, ChinaDepartment of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, ChinaHong Kong Hub of Paediatric Excellence, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, ChinaLaboratory for Paediatric Respiratory Research, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, ChinaThe Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK)- University Medical Center Utrecht (UMCU) Joint Research Laboratory of Respiratory Virus & Immunobiology, Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, ChinaBackgroundImmunity acquired from natural SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccine wanes overtime. This longitudinal prospective study compared the effect of a booster vaccine (BNT162b2) in inducing the mucosal (nasal) and serological antibody between Covid-19 recovered patients and healthy unexposed subjects with two dose of mRNA vaccine (vaccine-only group).MethodEleven recovered patients and eleven gender-and-age matched unexposed subjects who had mRNA vaccines were recruited. The SARS-CoV-2 spike 1 (S1) protein specific IgA, IgG and the ACE2 binding inhibition to the ancestral SARS-CoV-2 and omicron (BA.1) variant receptor binding domain were measured in their nasal epithelial lining fluid and plasma.ResultIn the recovered group, the booster expanded the nasal IgA dominancy inherited from natural infection to IgA and IgG. They also had a higher S1-specific nasal and plasma IgA and IgG levels with a better inhibition against the omicron BA.1 variant and ancestral SARS-CoV-2 when compared with vaccine-only subjects. The nasal S1-specific IgA induced by natural infection lasted longer than those induced by vaccines while the plasma antibodies of both groups maintained at a high level for at least 21 weeks after booster.ConclusionThe booster benefited all subjects to obtain neutralizing antibody (NAb) against omicron BA.1 variant in plasma while only the Covid-19 recovered subjects had an extra enrichment in nasal NAb against omicron BA.1 variant.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1127401/fullmucosal antibodylongitudinal studymRNA vaccinehybrid immunitySARS – CoV – 2 |
| spellingShingle | Shaojun Liu Joseph G. S. Tsun Genevieve P. G. Fung Grace C. Y. Lui Kathy Y. Y. Chan Paul K. S. Chan Renee W. Y. Chan Renee W. Y. Chan Renee W. Y. Chan Renee W. Y. Chan Comparison of the mucosal and systemic antibody responses in Covid-19 recovered patients with one dose of mRNA vaccine and unexposed subjects with three doses of mRNA vaccines Frontiers in Immunology mucosal antibody longitudinal study mRNA vaccine hybrid immunity SARS – CoV – 2 |
| title | Comparison of the mucosal and systemic antibody responses in Covid-19 recovered patients with one dose of mRNA vaccine and unexposed subjects with three doses of mRNA vaccines |
| title_full | Comparison of the mucosal and systemic antibody responses in Covid-19 recovered patients with one dose of mRNA vaccine and unexposed subjects with three doses of mRNA vaccines |
| title_fullStr | Comparison of the mucosal and systemic antibody responses in Covid-19 recovered patients with one dose of mRNA vaccine and unexposed subjects with three doses of mRNA vaccines |
| title_full_unstemmed | Comparison of the mucosal and systemic antibody responses in Covid-19 recovered patients with one dose of mRNA vaccine and unexposed subjects with three doses of mRNA vaccines |
| title_short | Comparison of the mucosal and systemic antibody responses in Covid-19 recovered patients with one dose of mRNA vaccine and unexposed subjects with three doses of mRNA vaccines |
| title_sort | comparison of the mucosal and systemic antibody responses in covid 19 recovered patients with one dose of mrna vaccine and unexposed subjects with three doses of mrna vaccines |
| topic | mucosal antibody longitudinal study mRNA vaccine hybrid immunity SARS – CoV – 2 |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1127401/full |
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