Life expectancy by ethnic origin in Chile
BackgroundEthnic and racial differences in life expectancy have been well established in different societies. However, even though an important part of the population of Latin America is Indigenous, there is little knowledge about them.ObjectiveDetermine if there are ethnic differences in life expec...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2023-06-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Public Health |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2023.1147542/full |
| _version_ | 1797803790601027584 |
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| author | Moisés H. Sandoval Marcela E. Alvear Portaccio Cecilia Albala |
| author_facet | Moisés H. Sandoval Marcela E. Alvear Portaccio Cecilia Albala |
| author_sort | Moisés H. Sandoval |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | BackgroundEthnic and racial differences in life expectancy have been well established in different societies. However, even though an important part of the population of Latin America is Indigenous, there is little knowledge about them.ObjectiveDetermine if there are ethnic differences in life expectancy at birth and at 60 years in Chile, and if the Mapuche (largest Indigenous ethnic group) have similar life expectancy to other Indigenous peoples.MethodLife tables for the Mapuche and other Indigenous groups and non-Indigenous people were built using the 2017 census. Specifically, we used the questions of the number of live children born and the number of surviving children. With this information, using the indirect method of own children we determined infantile mortality. Then, using the relational logit model and the model life table (west), we estimated the survival function for all ages.ResultsIndigenous Chileans have seven years lower life expectancy at birth than the non-Indigenous population (76.2 vs. 83.2 years). The differential at age 60 is 6 years (20.3 vs. 26.4 years). We also found that Mapuche have an even greater disadvantage in survival than other ethnic groups. This is reflected in 2 years less life expectancy, both at birth and at 60 years.DiscussionOur results ratify the existence of marked ethnic-racial inequality in the extension of life in Chile and demonstrate a greater disadvantage in terms of survival of the Mapuche compared to other Indigenous and non-Indigenous groups. It is thus of great relevance to design policies that would decrease the existing inequalities in lifespan. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-13T05:26:21Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5a211034a9374a01b8541f13f66cf60e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-2565 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-13T05:26:21Z |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Public Health |
| spelling | doaj.art-5a211034a9374a01b8541f13f66cf60e2023-06-15T05:31:57ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Public Health2296-25652023-06-011110.3389/fpubh.2023.11475421147542Life expectancy by ethnic origin in ChileMoisés H. Sandoval0Marcela E. Alvear Portaccio1Cecilia Albala2Unidad de Nutrición Pública, Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, ChileUniversidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, ColombiaUnidad de Nutrición Pública, Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, ChileBackgroundEthnic and racial differences in life expectancy have been well established in different societies. However, even though an important part of the population of Latin America is Indigenous, there is little knowledge about them.ObjectiveDetermine if there are ethnic differences in life expectancy at birth and at 60 years in Chile, and if the Mapuche (largest Indigenous ethnic group) have similar life expectancy to other Indigenous peoples.MethodLife tables for the Mapuche and other Indigenous groups and non-Indigenous people were built using the 2017 census. Specifically, we used the questions of the number of live children born and the number of surviving children. With this information, using the indirect method of own children we determined infantile mortality. Then, using the relational logit model and the model life table (west), we estimated the survival function for all ages.ResultsIndigenous Chileans have seven years lower life expectancy at birth than the non-Indigenous population (76.2 vs. 83.2 years). The differential at age 60 is 6 years (20.3 vs. 26.4 years). We also found that Mapuche have an even greater disadvantage in survival than other ethnic groups. This is reflected in 2 years less life expectancy, both at birth and at 60 years.DiscussionOur results ratify the existence of marked ethnic-racial inequality in the extension of life in Chile and demonstrate a greater disadvantage in terms of survival of the Mapuche compared to other Indigenous and non-Indigenous groups. It is thus of great relevance to design policies that would decrease the existing inequalities in lifespan.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2023.1147542/fulllife expectancy (LE)ethnic differencesIndigenousnon-IndigenousChile |
| spellingShingle | Moisés H. Sandoval Marcela E. Alvear Portaccio Cecilia Albala Life expectancy by ethnic origin in Chile Frontiers in Public Health life expectancy (LE) ethnic differences Indigenous non-Indigenous Chile |
| title | Life expectancy by ethnic origin in Chile |
| title_full | Life expectancy by ethnic origin in Chile |
| title_fullStr | Life expectancy by ethnic origin in Chile |
| title_full_unstemmed | Life expectancy by ethnic origin in Chile |
| title_short | Life expectancy by ethnic origin in Chile |
| title_sort | life expectancy by ethnic origin in chile |
| topic | life expectancy (LE) ethnic differences Indigenous non-Indigenous Chile |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2023.1147542/full |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT moiseshsandoval lifeexpectancybyethnicorigininchile AT marcelaealvearportaccio lifeexpectancybyethnicorigininchile AT ceciliaalbala lifeexpectancybyethnicorigininchile |