Emerging Contaminants: An Overview of Recent Trends for Their Treatment and Management Using Light-Driven Processes
The management of contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) in water bodies is particularly challenging due to the difficulty in detection and their recalcitrant degradation by conventional means. In this review, CECs are characterized to give insights into the potential degradation performance of sim...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-08-01
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| Series: | Water |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/13/17/2340 |
| _version_ | 1797520812122570752 |
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| author | Brandon Chuan Yee Lee Fang Yee Lim Wei Hao Loh Say Leong Ong Jiangyong Hu |
| author_facet | Brandon Chuan Yee Lee Fang Yee Lim Wei Hao Loh Say Leong Ong Jiangyong Hu |
| author_sort | Brandon Chuan Yee Lee |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The management of contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) in water bodies is particularly challenging due to the difficulty in detection and their recalcitrant degradation by conventional means. In this review, CECs are characterized to give insights into the potential degradation performance of similar compounds. A two-pronged approach was then proposed for the overall management of CECs. Light-driven oxidation processes, namely photo/Fenton, photocatalysis, photolysis, UV/Ozone were discussed. Advances to overcome current limitations in these light-driven processes were proposed, focusing on recent trends and innovations. Light-based detection methodology was also discussed for the management of CECs. Lastly, a cost–benefit analysis on various light-based processes was conducted to access the suitability for CECs degradation. It was found that the UV/Ozone process might not be suitable due to the complication with pH adjustments and limited light wavelength. It was found that E<sub>EO</sub> values were in this sequence: UV only > UV/combination > photocatalyst > UV/O<sub>3</sub> > UV/Fenton > solar/Fenton. The solar/Fenton process has the least computed E<sub>EO</sub> < 5 kWh m<sup>−3</sup> and great potential for further development. Newer innovations such as solar/catalyst can also be explored with potentially lower E<sub>EO</sub> values. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T08:01:59Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5a21930dbfd744b49081651ca0cdeb8d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4441 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T08:01:59Z |
| publishDate | 2021-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Water |
| spelling | doaj.art-5a21930dbfd744b49081651ca0cdeb8d2023-11-22T11:24:19ZengMDPI AGWater2073-44412021-08-011317234010.3390/w13172340Emerging Contaminants: An Overview of Recent Trends for Their Treatment and Management Using Light-Driven ProcessesBrandon Chuan Yee Lee0Fang Yee Lim1Wei Hao Loh2Say Leong Ong3Jiangyong Hu4Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, Block E1A, #07-01, 1 Engineering Drive 2, Singapore 117576, SingaporeDepartment of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, Block E1A, #07-01, 1 Engineering Drive 2, Singapore 117576, SingaporeDepartment of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, Block E1A, #07-01, 1 Engineering Drive 2, Singapore 117576, SingaporeDepartment of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, Block E1A, #07-01, 1 Engineering Drive 2, Singapore 117576, SingaporeDepartment of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, Block E1A, #07-01, 1 Engineering Drive 2, Singapore 117576, SingaporeThe management of contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) in water bodies is particularly challenging due to the difficulty in detection and their recalcitrant degradation by conventional means. In this review, CECs are characterized to give insights into the potential degradation performance of similar compounds. A two-pronged approach was then proposed for the overall management of CECs. Light-driven oxidation processes, namely photo/Fenton, photocatalysis, photolysis, UV/Ozone were discussed. Advances to overcome current limitations in these light-driven processes were proposed, focusing on recent trends and innovations. Light-based detection methodology was also discussed for the management of CECs. Lastly, a cost–benefit analysis on various light-based processes was conducted to access the suitability for CECs degradation. It was found that the UV/Ozone process might not be suitable due to the complication with pH adjustments and limited light wavelength. It was found that E<sub>EO</sub> values were in this sequence: UV only > UV/combination > photocatalyst > UV/O<sub>3</sub> > UV/Fenton > solar/Fenton. The solar/Fenton process has the least computed E<sub>EO</sub> < 5 kWh m<sup>−3</sup> and great potential for further development. Newer innovations such as solar/catalyst can also be explored with potentially lower E<sub>EO</sub> values.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/13/17/2340emerging contaminantsadvanced oxidation processenvironmental pollutant managementlight-driven technologyE<sub>EO</sub> |
| spellingShingle | Brandon Chuan Yee Lee Fang Yee Lim Wei Hao Loh Say Leong Ong Jiangyong Hu Emerging Contaminants: An Overview of Recent Trends for Their Treatment and Management Using Light-Driven Processes Water emerging contaminants advanced oxidation process environmental pollutant management light-driven technology E<sub>EO</sub> |
| title | Emerging Contaminants: An Overview of Recent Trends for Their Treatment and Management Using Light-Driven Processes |
| title_full | Emerging Contaminants: An Overview of Recent Trends for Their Treatment and Management Using Light-Driven Processes |
| title_fullStr | Emerging Contaminants: An Overview of Recent Trends for Their Treatment and Management Using Light-Driven Processes |
| title_full_unstemmed | Emerging Contaminants: An Overview of Recent Trends for Their Treatment and Management Using Light-Driven Processes |
| title_short | Emerging Contaminants: An Overview of Recent Trends for Their Treatment and Management Using Light-Driven Processes |
| title_sort | emerging contaminants an overview of recent trends for their treatment and management using light driven processes |
| topic | emerging contaminants advanced oxidation process environmental pollutant management light-driven technology E<sub>EO</sub> |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/13/17/2340 |
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