Phthalates and bone mineral density: a systematic review

Abstract Background Exposure to endocrine disruptors, such as phthalates, may impact bone mineral density (BMD) through a variety of mechanisms. Studies of phthalate exposure and BMD in humans are scarce. Objectives To synthesize published data on the association between phthalate metabolites and BM...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Nina Z. Heilmann, Katherine W. Reeves, Susan E. Hankinson
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2022-11-01
Series:Environmental Health
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12940-022-00920-5