Bioproduction and optimization of newly characterized melanin pigment from Streptomyces djakartensis NSS-3 with its anticancer, antimicrobial, and radioprotective properties
Abstract Background Melanin is a natural pigment that is considered a promising biomaterial for numerous biotechnological applications across several industries. Melanin has biomedical applications as antimicrobial, anticancer, and antioxidant properties. Additionally, in the pharmaceutical and cosm...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2024-01-01
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| Series: | Microbial Cell Factories |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12934-023-02276-y |
| _version_ | 1797349573577932800 |
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| author | Nessma A. El-Zawawy El-Refaie Kenawy Sara Ahmed Shimaa El-Sapagh |
| author_facet | Nessma A. El-Zawawy El-Refaie Kenawy Sara Ahmed Shimaa El-Sapagh |
| author_sort | Nessma A. El-Zawawy |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Melanin is a natural pigment that is considered a promising biomaterial for numerous biotechnological applications across several industries. Melanin has biomedical applications as antimicrobial, anticancer, and antioxidant properties. Additionally, in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries, it is used in drug delivery and as a radioprotective agent. Also, melanin has environmental uses in the fields of bioremediation and the food industry. The biosynthesis of melanin pigment is an area of interest for researchers due to its multifunctionality, high compatibility, and biodegradability. Therefore, our present work is the first attempt to characterize and optimize the productivity of melanin pigment from Streptomyces djakartensis NSS-3 concerning its radioprotection and biological properties. Results Forty isolates of soil actinobacteria were isolated from the Wadi Allaqui Biosphere Reserve, Egypt. Only one isolate, ACT3, produced a dark brown melanin pigment extracellularly. This isolate was identified according to phenotypic properties and molecular phylogenetic analysis as Streptomyces djakartensis NSS-3 with accession number OP912881. Plackett–Burman experimental design (PBD) and response surface methodology (RSM) using a Box-Behnken design (BBD) were performed for optimum medium and culturing conditions for maximum pigment production, resulting in a 4.19-fold improvement in melanin production (118.73 mg/10 mL). The extracted melanin pigment was purified and characterized as belonging to nitrogen-free pyomelanin based on ultraviolet–visible spectrophotometry (UV–VIS), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and NMR studies. Purified melanin demonstrated potent scavenging activity with IC50 values of 18.03 µg/mL and revealed high potency as sunscreens (in vitro SPF = 18.5). Moreover, it showed a nontoxic effect on a normal cell line (WI38), while it had a concentration-dependent anticancer effect on HCT116, HEPG, and MCF7 cell lines with IC50 = 108.9, 43.83, and 81.99 µg/mL, respectively. Also, purified melanin had a detrimental effect on the tested MDR bacterial strains, of which PA-09 and SA-04 were clearly more susceptible to melanin compared with other strains with MICs of 6.25 and 25 µg/mL, respectively. Conclusion Our results demonstrated that the newly characterized pyomelanin from Streptomyces djakartensis NSS-3 has valuable biological properties due to its potential photoprotective, antioxidant, anticancer, antimicrobial, and lack of cytotoxic activities, which open up new prospects for using this natural melanin pigment in various biotechnological applications and avoiding chemical-based drugs. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T12:32:15Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5a2425c57f384ee793e94cc256dc0432 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1475-2859 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T12:32:15Z |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Microbial Cell Factories |
| spelling | doaj.art-5a2425c57f384ee793e94cc256dc04322024-01-21T12:40:28ZengBMCMicrobial Cell Factories1475-28592024-01-0123112610.1186/s12934-023-02276-yBioproduction and optimization of newly characterized melanin pigment from Streptomyces djakartensis NSS-3 with its anticancer, antimicrobial, and radioprotective propertiesNessma A. El-Zawawy0El-Refaie Kenawy1Sara Ahmed2Shimaa El-Sapagh3Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Tanta UniversityChemistry Department, Polymer Research Unit, Faculty of Science, Tanta UniversityDepartment of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Tanta UniversityDepartment of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Tanta UniversityAbstract Background Melanin is a natural pigment that is considered a promising biomaterial for numerous biotechnological applications across several industries. Melanin has biomedical applications as antimicrobial, anticancer, and antioxidant properties. Additionally, in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries, it is used in drug delivery and as a radioprotective agent. Also, melanin has environmental uses in the fields of bioremediation and the food industry. The biosynthesis of melanin pigment is an area of interest for researchers due to its multifunctionality, high compatibility, and biodegradability. Therefore, our present work is the first attempt to characterize and optimize the productivity of melanin pigment from Streptomyces djakartensis NSS-3 concerning its radioprotection and biological properties. Results Forty isolates of soil actinobacteria were isolated from the Wadi Allaqui Biosphere Reserve, Egypt. Only one isolate, ACT3, produced a dark brown melanin pigment extracellularly. This isolate was identified according to phenotypic properties and molecular phylogenetic analysis as Streptomyces djakartensis NSS-3 with accession number OP912881. Plackett–Burman experimental design (PBD) and response surface methodology (RSM) using a Box-Behnken design (BBD) were performed for optimum medium and culturing conditions for maximum pigment production, resulting in a 4.19-fold improvement in melanin production (118.73 mg/10 mL). The extracted melanin pigment was purified and characterized as belonging to nitrogen-free pyomelanin based on ultraviolet–visible spectrophotometry (UV–VIS), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and NMR studies. Purified melanin demonstrated potent scavenging activity with IC50 values of 18.03 µg/mL and revealed high potency as sunscreens (in vitro SPF = 18.5). Moreover, it showed a nontoxic effect on a normal cell line (WI38), while it had a concentration-dependent anticancer effect on HCT116, HEPG, and MCF7 cell lines with IC50 = 108.9, 43.83, and 81.99 µg/mL, respectively. Also, purified melanin had a detrimental effect on the tested MDR bacterial strains, of which PA-09 and SA-04 were clearly more susceptible to melanin compared with other strains with MICs of 6.25 and 25 µg/mL, respectively. Conclusion Our results demonstrated that the newly characterized pyomelanin from Streptomyces djakartensis NSS-3 has valuable biological properties due to its potential photoprotective, antioxidant, anticancer, antimicrobial, and lack of cytotoxic activities, which open up new prospects for using this natural melanin pigment in various biotechnological applications and avoiding chemical-based drugs.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12934-023-02276-yMelanin bioproductionActinobacteriaResponse surface optimizationRadioprotectionAntimicrobial |
| spellingShingle | Nessma A. El-Zawawy El-Refaie Kenawy Sara Ahmed Shimaa El-Sapagh Bioproduction and optimization of newly characterized melanin pigment from Streptomyces djakartensis NSS-3 with its anticancer, antimicrobial, and radioprotective properties Microbial Cell Factories Melanin bioproduction Actinobacteria Response surface optimization Radioprotection Antimicrobial |
| title | Bioproduction and optimization of newly characterized melanin pigment from Streptomyces djakartensis NSS-3 with its anticancer, antimicrobial, and radioprotective properties |
| title_full | Bioproduction and optimization of newly characterized melanin pigment from Streptomyces djakartensis NSS-3 with its anticancer, antimicrobial, and radioprotective properties |
| title_fullStr | Bioproduction and optimization of newly characterized melanin pigment from Streptomyces djakartensis NSS-3 with its anticancer, antimicrobial, and radioprotective properties |
| title_full_unstemmed | Bioproduction and optimization of newly characterized melanin pigment from Streptomyces djakartensis NSS-3 with its anticancer, antimicrobial, and radioprotective properties |
| title_short | Bioproduction and optimization of newly characterized melanin pigment from Streptomyces djakartensis NSS-3 with its anticancer, antimicrobial, and radioprotective properties |
| title_sort | bioproduction and optimization of newly characterized melanin pigment from streptomyces djakartensis nss 3 with its anticancer antimicrobial and radioprotective properties |
| topic | Melanin bioproduction Actinobacteria Response surface optimization Radioprotection Antimicrobial |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12934-023-02276-y |
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