Epigallocatechin Gallate Stabilized by Cyclodextrin Inactivates Influenza Virus and Human Coronavirus 229E
Natural products are attractive antiviral agents because they are environment-friendly and mostly harmless. Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCg), a type of catechin, is a well-known natural antiviral agent that can inhibit various viruses. However, EGCg easily oxidizes and loses its physiological activit...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-09-01
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| Series: | Microorganisms |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/10/9/1796 |
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| author | Ryosuke Matsuura Arisa Kawamura Yasunobu Matsumoto Yoshiki Iida Masanori Kanayama Masahiko Kurokawa Yoko Aida |
| author_facet | Ryosuke Matsuura Arisa Kawamura Yasunobu Matsumoto Yoshiki Iida Masanori Kanayama Masahiko Kurokawa Yoko Aida |
| author_sort | Ryosuke Matsuura |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Natural products are attractive antiviral agents because they are environment-friendly and mostly harmless. Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCg), a type of catechin, is a well-known natural antiviral agent that can inhibit various viruses. However, EGCg easily oxidizes and loses its physiological activity. Although this problem can be overcome by combining EGCg with cyclodextrin (CD-EGCg), which makes it stable in water at high concentrations, the antiviral effect of this compound remains unclear. Here, we show that in Madin–Darby canine kidney (MDCK) and MRC-5 cells, CD-EGCg is cytotoxic for 50% of cells at 85.61 and 65.34 ppm, respectively. Furthermore, CD-EGCg mainly shows its antiviral effect during the adsorption step for all four influenza virus strains (median effect concentration (EC<sub>50</sub>) was 0.93 to 2.78 ppm). Its antiviral effect post-adsorption is less intense, and no inhibitory effect is observed on influenza viruses pre-adsorption. Moreover, human coronavirus 229E (HCoV-229E) was inhibited at the adsorption step in short contact (EC<sub>50</sub> = 2.5 ppm) and long contact conditions (EC<sub>50</sub> = 0.5 ppm) by mixing CD-EGCg with HCoV-229E. These results suggest that CD-EGCg effectively inhibits various viruses that require an adsorption step, and is an effective tool for preventing infection. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T23:05:48Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5a27695ee0db4fbc9827ab03a5015087 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2607 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T23:05:48Z |
| publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Microorganisms |
| spelling | doaj.art-5a27695ee0db4fbc9827ab03a50150872023-11-23T17:53:23ZengMDPI AGMicroorganisms2076-26072022-09-01109179610.3390/microorganisms10091796Epigallocatechin Gallate Stabilized by Cyclodextrin Inactivates Influenza Virus and Human Coronavirus 229ERyosuke Matsuura0Arisa Kawamura1Yasunobu Matsumoto2Yoshiki Iida3Masanori Kanayama4Masahiko Kurokawa5Yoko Aida6Laboratory of Global Infectious Diseases Control Science, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, JapanLaboratory of Global Infectious Diseases Control Science, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, JapanLaboratory of Global Infectious Diseases Control Science, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, JapanHPG Co., Ltd., 3-18-9 Hatchobori, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-00332, JapanHPG Co., Ltd., 3-18-9 Hatchobori, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-00332, JapanGraduate School of Clinical Pharmacy, Kyushu University of Health and Welfare, 1714-1 Yoshino-cho, Nobeoka, Miyazaki 882-8508, JapanLaboratory of Global Infectious Diseases Control Science, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, JapanNatural products are attractive antiviral agents because they are environment-friendly and mostly harmless. Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCg), a type of catechin, is a well-known natural antiviral agent that can inhibit various viruses. However, EGCg easily oxidizes and loses its physiological activity. Although this problem can be overcome by combining EGCg with cyclodextrin (CD-EGCg), which makes it stable in water at high concentrations, the antiviral effect of this compound remains unclear. Here, we show that in Madin–Darby canine kidney (MDCK) and MRC-5 cells, CD-EGCg is cytotoxic for 50% of cells at 85.61 and 65.34 ppm, respectively. Furthermore, CD-EGCg mainly shows its antiviral effect during the adsorption step for all four influenza virus strains (median effect concentration (EC<sub>50</sub>) was 0.93 to 2.78 ppm). Its antiviral effect post-adsorption is less intense, and no inhibitory effect is observed on influenza viruses pre-adsorption. Moreover, human coronavirus 229E (HCoV-229E) was inhibited at the adsorption step in short contact (EC<sub>50</sub> = 2.5 ppm) and long contact conditions (EC<sub>50</sub> = 0.5 ppm) by mixing CD-EGCg with HCoV-229E. These results suggest that CD-EGCg effectively inhibits various viruses that require an adsorption step, and is an effective tool for preventing infection.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/10/9/1796epigallocatechin gallatecyclodextrininfluenza virusHCoV-229Eadsorptioninactivation |
| spellingShingle | Ryosuke Matsuura Arisa Kawamura Yasunobu Matsumoto Yoshiki Iida Masanori Kanayama Masahiko Kurokawa Yoko Aida Epigallocatechin Gallate Stabilized by Cyclodextrin Inactivates Influenza Virus and Human Coronavirus 229E Microorganisms epigallocatechin gallate cyclodextrin influenza virus HCoV-229E adsorption inactivation |
| title | Epigallocatechin Gallate Stabilized by Cyclodextrin Inactivates Influenza Virus and Human Coronavirus 229E |
| title_full | Epigallocatechin Gallate Stabilized by Cyclodextrin Inactivates Influenza Virus and Human Coronavirus 229E |
| title_fullStr | Epigallocatechin Gallate Stabilized by Cyclodextrin Inactivates Influenza Virus and Human Coronavirus 229E |
| title_full_unstemmed | Epigallocatechin Gallate Stabilized by Cyclodextrin Inactivates Influenza Virus and Human Coronavirus 229E |
| title_short | Epigallocatechin Gallate Stabilized by Cyclodextrin Inactivates Influenza Virus and Human Coronavirus 229E |
| title_sort | epigallocatechin gallate stabilized by cyclodextrin inactivates influenza virus and human coronavirus 229e |
| topic | epigallocatechin gallate cyclodextrin influenza virus HCoV-229E adsorption inactivation |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/10/9/1796 |
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