Kinetic Study of the Diels–Alder Reaction between Maleimide and Furan-Containing Polystyrene Using Infrared Spectroscopy
The Diels–Alder (D–A) reaction between furan and maleimide is a thermally reversible reaction that has become a vital chemical technique for designing polymer structures and functions. The kinetics of this reaction, particularly in polymer bulk states, have significant practical implications. In thi...
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MDPI AG
2024-02-01
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| Series: | Polymers |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/16/3/441 |
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| author | Tongtong Wang Dali Gao Hua Yin Jiawei Zhao Xingguo Wang Hui Niu |
| author_facet | Tongtong Wang Dali Gao Hua Yin Jiawei Zhao Xingguo Wang Hui Niu |
| author_sort | Tongtong Wang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The Diels–Alder (D–A) reaction between furan and maleimide is a thermally reversible reaction that has become a vital chemical technique for designing polymer structures and functions. The kinetics of this reaction, particularly in polymer bulk states, have significant practical implications. In this study, we investigated the feasibility of utilizing infrared spectroscopy to measure the D–A reaction kinetics in bulk-state polymer. Specifically, we synthesized furan-functionalized polystyrene and added a maleimide small-molecule compound to form a D–A adduct. The intensity of the characteristic absorption peak of the D–A adduct was quantitatively measured by infrared spectroscopy, and the dependence of conversion of the D–A reaction on time was obtained at different temperatures. Subsequently, the D–A reaction apparent kinetic coefficient <i>k</i><sub>app</sub> and the Arrhenius activation energy <i>E</i><sub>a,D–A</sub> were calculated. These results were compared with those determined from <sup>1</sup>H-NMR in the polymer solution states. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T03:49:45Z |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4360 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T03:49:45Z |
| publishDate | 2024-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Polymers |
| spelling | doaj.art-5a3abc3fe21a4d1e8134de418be354b72024-02-09T15:21:04ZengMDPI AGPolymers2073-43602024-02-0116344110.3390/polym16030441Kinetic Study of the Diels–Alder Reaction between Maleimide and Furan-Containing Polystyrene Using Infrared SpectroscopyTongtong Wang0Dali Gao1Hua Yin2Jiawei Zhao3Xingguo Wang4Hui Niu5Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, ChinaSINOPEC (Beijing) Research Institute of Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., Beijing 100013, ChinaSINOPEC (Beijing) Research Institute of Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., Beijing 100013, ChinaSINOPEC (Beijing) Research Institute of Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., Beijing 100013, ChinaSINOPEC (Beijing) Research Institute of Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., Beijing 100013, ChinaDepartment of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, ChinaThe Diels–Alder (D–A) reaction between furan and maleimide is a thermally reversible reaction that has become a vital chemical technique for designing polymer structures and functions. The kinetics of this reaction, particularly in polymer bulk states, have significant practical implications. In this study, we investigated the feasibility of utilizing infrared spectroscopy to measure the D–A reaction kinetics in bulk-state polymer. Specifically, we synthesized furan-functionalized polystyrene and added a maleimide small-molecule compound to form a D–A adduct. The intensity of the characteristic absorption peak of the D–A adduct was quantitatively measured by infrared spectroscopy, and the dependence of conversion of the D–A reaction on time was obtained at different temperatures. Subsequently, the D–A reaction apparent kinetic coefficient <i>k</i><sub>app</sub> and the Arrhenius activation energy <i>E</i><sub>a,D–A</sub> were calculated. These results were compared with those determined from <sup>1</sup>H-NMR in the polymer solution states.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/16/3/441Diels–Alder reactionkineticsinfrared spectroscopy |
| spellingShingle | Tongtong Wang Dali Gao Hua Yin Jiawei Zhao Xingguo Wang Hui Niu Kinetic Study of the Diels–Alder Reaction between Maleimide and Furan-Containing Polystyrene Using Infrared Spectroscopy Polymers Diels–Alder reaction kinetics infrared spectroscopy |
| title | Kinetic Study of the Diels–Alder Reaction between Maleimide and Furan-Containing Polystyrene Using Infrared Spectroscopy |
| title_full | Kinetic Study of the Diels–Alder Reaction between Maleimide and Furan-Containing Polystyrene Using Infrared Spectroscopy |
| title_fullStr | Kinetic Study of the Diels–Alder Reaction between Maleimide and Furan-Containing Polystyrene Using Infrared Spectroscopy |
| title_full_unstemmed | Kinetic Study of the Diels–Alder Reaction between Maleimide and Furan-Containing Polystyrene Using Infrared Spectroscopy |
| title_short | Kinetic Study of the Diels–Alder Reaction between Maleimide and Furan-Containing Polystyrene Using Infrared Spectroscopy |
| title_sort | kinetic study of the diels alder reaction between maleimide and furan containing polystyrene using infrared spectroscopy |
| topic | Diels–Alder reaction kinetics infrared spectroscopy |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/16/3/441 |
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