Comparative Study on the Thermal Properties of Engine Oils and Their Nanofluids Incorporating Fullerene-C<sub>60</sub>, TiO<sub>2</sub> and Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> at Different Temperatures
The efficiency, durability, and overall performance of a car engine are influenced by several critical factors. The quality and properties of engine oil play a crucial role, and oil is used in internal combustion engines for lubrication and cooling purposes. This research study aimed to compare the...
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MDPI AG
2024-02-01
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| Series: | Energies |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/17/3/732 |
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| author | Chanaka Galpaya Ashan Induranga Vimukthi Vithanage Prasanga Mantilaka Kaveenga Rasika Koswattage |
| author_facet | Chanaka Galpaya Ashan Induranga Vimukthi Vithanage Prasanga Mantilaka Kaveenga Rasika Koswattage |
| author_sort | Chanaka Galpaya |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The efficiency, durability, and overall performance of a car engine are influenced by several critical factors. The quality and properties of engine oil play a crucial role, and oil is used in internal combustion engines for lubrication and cooling purposes. This research study aimed to compare the impact of fullerene-C<sub>60</sub> (99.5%), Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, and TiO<sub>2</sub> nanoparticles on the thermal properties of C.A.L.T.E.X. red engine oil with grades 10W30, 20W40, and 20W50. This study focused on the effect of a nanoparticle concentration of 0.01 wt.% in different engine oil grades at various temperature values of 30–120 °C. The nanofluids were prepared using the two-step direct mixing method, employing a magnetic stirrer and an ultrasonicator, ensuring uniform distribution of nanoparticles in the base fluids. The thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity, and volumetric heat capacity of the base fluids and nanofluids were measured using the FLUCON LAMBDA thermal conductivity meter. Additionally, flash points were measured using the flash point tester. It was concluded that the thermal properties of TiO<sub>2</sub> and Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> showed considerable enhancement; in contrast, fullerene only showed a 212 °C flash point. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T03:57:38Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5a40413024c940398b7fb48296d18de9 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1073 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T03:57:38Z |
| publishDate | 2024-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Energies |
| spelling | doaj.art-5a40413024c940398b7fb48296d18de92024-02-09T15:11:46ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732024-02-0117373210.3390/en17030732Comparative Study on the Thermal Properties of Engine Oils and Their Nanofluids Incorporating Fullerene-C<sub>60</sub>, TiO<sub>2</sub> and Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> at Different TemperaturesChanaka Galpaya0Ashan Induranga1Vimukthi Vithanage2Prasanga Mantilaka3Kaveenga Rasika Koswattage4Faculty of Graduate Studies, Sabaragamuwa University of Sri Lanka, Belihuloya 70140, Sri LankaFaculty of Graduate Studies, Sabaragamuwa University of Sri Lanka, Belihuloya 70140, Sri LankaFaculty of Graduate Studies, Sabaragamuwa University of Sri Lanka, Belihuloya 70140, Sri LankaCenter for Nano Device Fabrication and Characterization (CNFC), Faculty of Technology, Sabaragamuwa University of Sri Lanka, Belihuloya 70140, Sri LankaFaculty of Technology, Sabaragamuwa University of Sri Lanka, Belihuloya 70140, Sri LankaThe efficiency, durability, and overall performance of a car engine are influenced by several critical factors. The quality and properties of engine oil play a crucial role, and oil is used in internal combustion engines for lubrication and cooling purposes. This research study aimed to compare the impact of fullerene-C<sub>60</sub> (99.5%), Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, and TiO<sub>2</sub> nanoparticles on the thermal properties of C.A.L.T.E.X. red engine oil with grades 10W30, 20W40, and 20W50. This study focused on the effect of a nanoparticle concentration of 0.01 wt.% in different engine oil grades at various temperature values of 30–120 °C. The nanofluids were prepared using the two-step direct mixing method, employing a magnetic stirrer and an ultrasonicator, ensuring uniform distribution of nanoparticles in the base fluids. The thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity, and volumetric heat capacity of the base fluids and nanofluids were measured using the FLUCON LAMBDA thermal conductivity meter. Additionally, flash points were measured using the flash point tester. It was concluded that the thermal properties of TiO<sub>2</sub> and Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> showed considerable enhancement; in contrast, fullerene only showed a 212 °C flash point.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/17/3/732CALTEX red engine oilnanofluidsthermal conductivitythermal diffusivityvolumetric heat capacityflashpoint |
| spellingShingle | Chanaka Galpaya Ashan Induranga Vimukthi Vithanage Prasanga Mantilaka Kaveenga Rasika Koswattage Comparative Study on the Thermal Properties of Engine Oils and Their Nanofluids Incorporating Fullerene-C<sub>60</sub>, TiO<sub>2</sub> and Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> at Different Temperatures Energies CALTEX red engine oil nanofluids thermal conductivity thermal diffusivity volumetric heat capacity flashpoint |
| title | Comparative Study on the Thermal Properties of Engine Oils and Their Nanofluids Incorporating Fullerene-C<sub>60</sub>, TiO<sub>2</sub> and Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> at Different Temperatures |
| title_full | Comparative Study on the Thermal Properties of Engine Oils and Their Nanofluids Incorporating Fullerene-C<sub>60</sub>, TiO<sub>2</sub> and Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> at Different Temperatures |
| title_fullStr | Comparative Study on the Thermal Properties of Engine Oils and Their Nanofluids Incorporating Fullerene-C<sub>60</sub>, TiO<sub>2</sub> and Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> at Different Temperatures |
| title_full_unstemmed | Comparative Study on the Thermal Properties of Engine Oils and Their Nanofluids Incorporating Fullerene-C<sub>60</sub>, TiO<sub>2</sub> and Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> at Different Temperatures |
| title_short | Comparative Study on the Thermal Properties of Engine Oils and Their Nanofluids Incorporating Fullerene-C<sub>60</sub>, TiO<sub>2</sub> and Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> at Different Temperatures |
| title_sort | comparative study on the thermal properties of engine oils and their nanofluids incorporating fullerene c sub 60 sub tio sub 2 sub and fe sub 2 sub o sub 3 sub at different temperatures |
| topic | CALTEX red engine oil nanofluids thermal conductivity thermal diffusivity volumetric heat capacity flashpoint |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/17/3/732 |
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