Recent Advances in the Lipid Nanoparticle-Mediated Delivery of mRNA Vaccines
Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) have recently emerged as one of the most advanced technologies for the highly efficient in vivo delivery of exogenous mRNA, particularly for COVID-19 vaccine delivery. LNPs comprise four different lipids: ionizable lipids, helper or neutral lipids, cholesterol, and lipids...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-03-01
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| Series: | Vaccines |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/11/3/658 |
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| author | K. Swetha Niranjan G. Kotla Lakshmi Tunki Arya Jayaraj Suresh K. Bhargava Haitao Hu Srinivasa Reddy Bonam Rajendra Kurapati |
| author_facet | K. Swetha Niranjan G. Kotla Lakshmi Tunki Arya Jayaraj Suresh K. Bhargava Haitao Hu Srinivasa Reddy Bonam Rajendra Kurapati |
| author_sort | K. Swetha |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) have recently emerged as one of the most advanced technologies for the highly efficient in vivo delivery of exogenous mRNA, particularly for COVID-19 vaccine delivery. LNPs comprise four different lipids: ionizable lipids, helper or neutral lipids, cholesterol, and lipids attached to polyethylene glycol (PEG). In this review, we present recent the advances and insights for the design of LNPs, as well as their composition and properties, with a subsequent discussion on the development of COVID-19 vaccines. In particular, as ionizable lipids are the most critical drivers for complexing the mRNA and in vivo delivery, the role of ionizable lipids in mRNA vaccines is discussed in detail. Furthermore, the use of LNPs as effective delivery vehicles for vaccination, genome editing, and protein replacement therapy is explained. Finally, expert opinion on LNPs for mRNA vaccines is discussed, which may address future challenges in developing mRNA vaccines using highly efficient LNPs based on a novel set of ionizable lipids. Developing highly efficient mRNA delivery systems for vaccines with improved safety against some severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants remains difficult. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T05:47:03Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5a4db9134f1c47e38c19ad3ec2524f88 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-393X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T05:47:03Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Vaccines |
| spelling | doaj.art-5a4db9134f1c47e38c19ad3ec2524f882023-11-17T14:19:10ZengMDPI AGVaccines2076-393X2023-03-0111365810.3390/vaccines11030658Recent Advances in the Lipid Nanoparticle-Mediated Delivery of mRNA VaccinesK. Swetha0Niranjan G. Kotla1Lakshmi Tunki2Arya Jayaraj3Suresh K. Bhargava4Haitao Hu5Srinivasa Reddy Bonam6Rajendra Kurapati7School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Thiruvananthapuram 695551, IndiaSaveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai 602105, IndiaDepartment of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500007, IndiaSchool of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Thiruvananthapuram 695551, IndiaCentre for Advanced Materials and Industrial Chemistry (CAMIC), School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3001, AustraliaDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Blvd, Galveston, TX 77555, USADepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Blvd, Galveston, TX 77555, USASchool of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Thiruvananthapuram 695551, IndiaLipid nanoparticles (LNPs) have recently emerged as one of the most advanced technologies for the highly efficient in vivo delivery of exogenous mRNA, particularly for COVID-19 vaccine delivery. LNPs comprise four different lipids: ionizable lipids, helper or neutral lipids, cholesterol, and lipids attached to polyethylene glycol (PEG). In this review, we present recent the advances and insights for the design of LNPs, as well as their composition and properties, with a subsequent discussion on the development of COVID-19 vaccines. In particular, as ionizable lipids are the most critical drivers for complexing the mRNA and in vivo delivery, the role of ionizable lipids in mRNA vaccines is discussed in detail. Furthermore, the use of LNPs as effective delivery vehicles for vaccination, genome editing, and protein replacement therapy is explained. Finally, expert opinion on LNPs for mRNA vaccines is discussed, which may address future challenges in developing mRNA vaccines using highly efficient LNPs based on a novel set of ionizable lipids. Developing highly efficient mRNA delivery systems for vaccines with improved safety against some severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants remains difficult.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/11/3/658vaccinemRNACOVID-19lipid nanoparticles |
| spellingShingle | K. Swetha Niranjan G. Kotla Lakshmi Tunki Arya Jayaraj Suresh K. Bhargava Haitao Hu Srinivasa Reddy Bonam Rajendra Kurapati Recent Advances in the Lipid Nanoparticle-Mediated Delivery of mRNA Vaccines Vaccines vaccine mRNA COVID-19 lipid nanoparticles |
| title | Recent Advances in the Lipid Nanoparticle-Mediated Delivery of mRNA Vaccines |
| title_full | Recent Advances in the Lipid Nanoparticle-Mediated Delivery of mRNA Vaccines |
| title_fullStr | Recent Advances in the Lipid Nanoparticle-Mediated Delivery of mRNA Vaccines |
| title_full_unstemmed | Recent Advances in the Lipid Nanoparticle-Mediated Delivery of mRNA Vaccines |
| title_short | Recent Advances in the Lipid Nanoparticle-Mediated Delivery of mRNA Vaccines |
| title_sort | recent advances in the lipid nanoparticle mediated delivery of mrna vaccines |
| topic | vaccine mRNA COVID-19 lipid nanoparticles |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/11/3/658 |
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