Elucidating the Associated Biological Function and Clinical Significance of <i>RHOJ</i> Expression in Urothelial Carcinoma
Urothelial cancer, a common urinary system malignancy, often presents treatment challenges due to metastasis and chemotherapy side effects. Angiogenesis, crucial for tumor growth, has become a target for drug development. This study explores the expression, prognostic value, and clinical correlation...
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MDPI AG
2023-09-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/18/14081 |
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| author | Xin-Jie Lu Hsing-Fan Lai Sheng-Cheng Wu Chin-Li Chen Yi-Lin Chiu |
| author_facet | Xin-Jie Lu Hsing-Fan Lai Sheng-Cheng Wu Chin-Li Chen Yi-Lin Chiu |
| author_sort | Xin-Jie Lu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Urothelial cancer, a common urinary system malignancy, often presents treatment challenges due to metastasis and chemotherapy side effects. Angiogenesis, crucial for tumor growth, has become a target for drug development. This study explores the expression, prognostic value, and clinical correlation of <i>RHOJ</i> in the TCGA BLCA, GSE31684, and GSE32894 datasets. We identify common differentially expressed genes across these databases and utilize g:Profiler and Cytoscape ClueGO for functional assessment. Further, we perform a gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) using Hallmark gene sets and use the imsig package for immune cell infiltration analysis. Our analysis indicates that <i>RHOJ</i> expression levels significantly impact survival rates, tumor progression, and immune response in urothelial tumors. High <i>RHOJ</i> expression correlated with poor prognosis, advanced disease stages, and an increase in monocyte population within the tumor microenvironment. This aligns with current literature indicating a key role of immune infiltration in bladder cancer progression and treatment response. Moreover, the GSEA and imsig results further suggest a potential mechanistic link between <i>RHOJ</i> expression and immune-related pathways. Considering the increasing emphasis on immunotherapeutic strategies in bladder cancer management, our findings on <i>RHOJ</i>’s potential as a diagnostic biomarker and its association with immune response open new avenues for therapeutic interventions. |
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| format | Article |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T22:40:16Z |
| publishDate | 2023-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-5a5d4013b4ef4fb6b40577f5ab9af3d82023-11-19T11:07:32ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672023-09-0124181408110.3390/ijms241814081Elucidating the Associated Biological Function and Clinical Significance of <i>RHOJ</i> Expression in Urothelial CarcinomaXin-Jie Lu0Hsing-Fan Lai1Sheng-Cheng Wu2Chin-Li Chen3Yi-Lin Chiu4Department of Biochemistry, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, TaiwanDepartment of Biochemistry, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, TaiwanDivision of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital Penghu Branch, Magong 880, TaiwanDivision of Urology, Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, TaiwanDepartment of Biochemistry, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, TaiwanUrothelial cancer, a common urinary system malignancy, often presents treatment challenges due to metastasis and chemotherapy side effects. Angiogenesis, crucial for tumor growth, has become a target for drug development. This study explores the expression, prognostic value, and clinical correlation of <i>RHOJ</i> in the TCGA BLCA, GSE31684, and GSE32894 datasets. We identify common differentially expressed genes across these databases and utilize g:Profiler and Cytoscape ClueGO for functional assessment. Further, we perform a gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) using Hallmark gene sets and use the imsig package for immune cell infiltration analysis. Our analysis indicates that <i>RHOJ</i> expression levels significantly impact survival rates, tumor progression, and immune response in urothelial tumors. High <i>RHOJ</i> expression correlated with poor prognosis, advanced disease stages, and an increase in monocyte population within the tumor microenvironment. This aligns with current literature indicating a key role of immune infiltration in bladder cancer progression and treatment response. Moreover, the GSEA and imsig results further suggest a potential mechanistic link between <i>RHOJ</i> expression and immune-related pathways. Considering the increasing emphasis on immunotherapeutic strategies in bladder cancer management, our findings on <i>RHOJ</i>’s potential as a diagnostic biomarker and its association with immune response open new avenues for therapeutic interventions.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/18/14081<i>RHOJ</i> expression in urothelial carcinomatumor microenvironmentprognostic biomarkers in bladder cancer |
| spellingShingle | Xin-Jie Lu Hsing-Fan Lai Sheng-Cheng Wu Chin-Li Chen Yi-Lin Chiu Elucidating the Associated Biological Function and Clinical Significance of <i>RHOJ</i> Expression in Urothelial Carcinoma International Journal of Molecular Sciences <i>RHOJ</i> expression in urothelial carcinoma tumor microenvironment prognostic biomarkers in bladder cancer |
| title | Elucidating the Associated Biological Function and Clinical Significance of <i>RHOJ</i> Expression in Urothelial Carcinoma |
| title_full | Elucidating the Associated Biological Function and Clinical Significance of <i>RHOJ</i> Expression in Urothelial Carcinoma |
| title_fullStr | Elucidating the Associated Biological Function and Clinical Significance of <i>RHOJ</i> Expression in Urothelial Carcinoma |
| title_full_unstemmed | Elucidating the Associated Biological Function and Clinical Significance of <i>RHOJ</i> Expression in Urothelial Carcinoma |
| title_short | Elucidating the Associated Biological Function and Clinical Significance of <i>RHOJ</i> Expression in Urothelial Carcinoma |
| title_sort | elucidating the associated biological function and clinical significance of i rhoj i expression in urothelial carcinoma |
| topic | <i>RHOJ</i> expression in urothelial carcinoma tumor microenvironment prognostic biomarkers in bladder cancer |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/18/14081 |
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