Soft Ionics: Governing Physics and State of Technologies
Soft ionic materials combine charged mobile species and tailored polymer structures in a manner that enables a wide array of functional devices. Traditional metal and silicon electronics are limited to two charge carriers: electrons and holes. Ionic devices hold the promise of using the wide range o...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-07-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Physics |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2022.890845/full |
| _version_ | 1811219287856119808 |
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| author | Max Tepermeister Nikola Bosnjak Jinyue Dai Xinyue Zhang Samuel M. Kielar Zhongtong Wang Zhiting Tian Jin Suntivich Meredith N. Silberstein |
| author_facet | Max Tepermeister Nikola Bosnjak Jinyue Dai Xinyue Zhang Samuel M. Kielar Zhongtong Wang Zhiting Tian Jin Suntivich Meredith N. Silberstein |
| author_sort | Max Tepermeister |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Soft ionic materials combine charged mobile species and tailored polymer structures in a manner that enables a wide array of functional devices. Traditional metal and silicon electronics are limited to two charge carriers: electrons and holes. Ionic devices hold the promise of using the wide range of chemical and molecular properties of mobile ions and polymer functional groups to enable flexible conductors, chemically specific sensors, bio-compatible interfaces, and deformable digital or analog signal processors. Stand alone ionic devices would need to have five key capabilities: signal transmission, energy conversion/harvesting, sensing, actuation, and signal processing. With the great promise of ionically-conducting materials and ionic devices, there are several fields working independently on pieces of the puzzle. These fields range from waste-water treatment research to soft robotics and bio-interface research. In this review, we first present the underlying physical principles that govern the behavior of soft ionic materials and devices. We then discuss the progress that has been made on each of the potential device components, bringing together findings from a range of research fields, and conclude with discussion of opportunities for future research. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T07:23:38Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5a62ddb0405e4f8191bc6ddae060db2c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-424X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T07:23:38Z |
| publishDate | 2022-07-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Physics |
| spelling | doaj.art-5a62ddb0405e4f8191bc6ddae060db2c2022-12-22T03:42:15ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Physics2296-424X2022-07-011010.3389/fphy.2022.890845890845Soft Ionics: Governing Physics and State of TechnologiesMax Tepermeister0Nikola Bosnjak1Jinyue Dai2Xinyue Zhang3Samuel M. Kielar4Zhongtong Wang5Zhiting Tian6Jin Suntivich7Meredith N. Silberstein8Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United StatesSibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United StatesSibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United StatesDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United StatesDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United StatesSibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United StatesSibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United StatesDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United StatesSibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United StatesSoft ionic materials combine charged mobile species and tailored polymer structures in a manner that enables a wide array of functional devices. Traditional metal and silicon electronics are limited to two charge carriers: electrons and holes. Ionic devices hold the promise of using the wide range of chemical and molecular properties of mobile ions and polymer functional groups to enable flexible conductors, chemically specific sensors, bio-compatible interfaces, and deformable digital or analog signal processors. Stand alone ionic devices would need to have five key capabilities: signal transmission, energy conversion/harvesting, sensing, actuation, and signal processing. With the great promise of ionically-conducting materials and ionic devices, there are several fields working independently on pieces of the puzzle. These fields range from waste-water treatment research to soft robotics and bio-interface research. In this review, we first present the underlying physical principles that govern the behavior of soft ionic materials and devices. We then discuss the progress that has been made on each of the potential device components, bringing together findings from a range of research fields, and conclude with discussion of opportunities for future research.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2022.890845/fullpolyelectrolyteionomerionotronicssoft roboticselectrochemistrypolymer |
| spellingShingle | Max Tepermeister Nikola Bosnjak Jinyue Dai Xinyue Zhang Samuel M. Kielar Zhongtong Wang Zhiting Tian Jin Suntivich Meredith N. Silberstein Soft Ionics: Governing Physics and State of Technologies Frontiers in Physics polyelectrolyte ionomer ionotronics soft robotics electrochemistry polymer |
| title | Soft Ionics: Governing Physics and State of Technologies |
| title_full | Soft Ionics: Governing Physics and State of Technologies |
| title_fullStr | Soft Ionics: Governing Physics and State of Technologies |
| title_full_unstemmed | Soft Ionics: Governing Physics and State of Technologies |
| title_short | Soft Ionics: Governing Physics and State of Technologies |
| title_sort | soft ionics governing physics and state of technologies |
| topic | polyelectrolyte ionomer ionotronics soft robotics electrochemistry polymer |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2022.890845/full |
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