Concealed semantic and episodic autobiographical memory electrified
Electrophysiology-based concealed information tests (CIT) try to determine whether somebody possesses concealed information about a probe item by comparing event-related potentials (ERPs) between this item and comparison items (irrelevants). Although the broader field is sometimes referred to as mem...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2013-01-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Human Neuroscience |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fnhum.2012.00354/full |
| _version_ | 1819106402398896128 |
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| author | Giorgio eGanis Giorgio eGanis Giorgio eGanis Haline E. Schendan Haline E. Schendan |
| author_facet | Giorgio eGanis Giorgio eGanis Giorgio eGanis Haline E. Schendan Haline E. Schendan |
| author_sort | Giorgio eGanis |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Electrophysiology-based concealed information tests (CIT) try to determine whether somebody possesses concealed information about a probe item by comparing event-related potentials (ERPs) between this item and comparison items (irrelevants). Although the broader field is sometimes referred to as memory detection, little attention has been paid to the precise type of underlying memory involved. This study begins addressing this issue by examining the key distinction between semantic and episodic memory in the autobiographical domain within a CIT paradigm. This study also addressed the issue of whether multiple repetitions of the items over the course of the session habituate the brain responses. Participants were tested in a 3-stimulus CIT with semantic autobiographical probes (their own date of birth) and episodic autobiographical probes (a secret date learned just before the study). Results dissociated these two memory conditions on several ERP components. Semantic probes elicited a smaller frontal N2 than episodic probes, consistent with the idea that the frontal N2 decreases with greater pre-existing semantic knowledge about the item. Likewise, semantic probes elicited a smaller central N400 than episodic probes. Semantic probes also elicited a larger P3b than episodic probes because of their richer meaning. In contrast, episodic probes elicited a larger late positive component (LPC) than semantic probes, because of the recent episodic memory associated with them. All these ERPs showed a difference between probes and irrelevants in both memory conditions, except for the N400, which showed a difference only in the semantic condition. Finally, although repetition affected the ERPs, it did not reduce the difference between probes and irrelevants. Thus, the type of memory associated with a probe has both theoretical and practical importance for CIT research. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-22T02:37:34Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5a7087c815e54ae1bc13e96f3eca0611 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1662-5161 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-22T02:37:34Z |
| publishDate | 2013-01-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Human Neuroscience |
| spelling | doaj.art-5a7087c815e54ae1bc13e96f3eca06112022-12-21T18:41:43ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Human Neuroscience1662-51612013-01-01610.3389/fnhum.2012.0035435625Concealed semantic and episodic autobiographical memory electrifiedGiorgio eGanis0Giorgio eGanis1Giorgio eGanis2Haline E. Schendan3Haline E. Schendan4Plymouth UniversityMassachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolPlymouth UniversityMassachusetts General HospitalElectrophysiology-based concealed information tests (CIT) try to determine whether somebody possesses concealed information about a probe item by comparing event-related potentials (ERPs) between this item and comparison items (irrelevants). Although the broader field is sometimes referred to as memory detection, little attention has been paid to the precise type of underlying memory involved. This study begins addressing this issue by examining the key distinction between semantic and episodic memory in the autobiographical domain within a CIT paradigm. This study also addressed the issue of whether multiple repetitions of the items over the course of the session habituate the brain responses. Participants were tested in a 3-stimulus CIT with semantic autobiographical probes (their own date of birth) and episodic autobiographical probes (a secret date learned just before the study). Results dissociated these two memory conditions on several ERP components. Semantic probes elicited a smaller frontal N2 than episodic probes, consistent with the idea that the frontal N2 decreases with greater pre-existing semantic knowledge about the item. Likewise, semantic probes elicited a smaller central N400 than episodic probes. Semantic probes also elicited a larger P3b than episodic probes because of their richer meaning. In contrast, episodic probes elicited a larger late positive component (LPC) than semantic probes, because of the recent episodic memory associated with them. All these ERPs showed a difference between probes and irrelevants in both memory conditions, except for the N400, which showed a difference only in the semantic condition. Finally, although repetition affected the ERPs, it did not reduce the difference between probes and irrelevants. Thus, the type of memory associated with a probe has both theoretical and practical importance for CIT research.http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fnhum.2012.00354/fulldeceptionepisodic memorySemantic memoryERPs (Event-Related Potentials)deception detectionConcealed knowlege |
| spellingShingle | Giorgio eGanis Giorgio eGanis Giorgio eGanis Haline E. Schendan Haline E. Schendan Concealed semantic and episodic autobiographical memory electrified Frontiers in Human Neuroscience deception episodic memory Semantic memory ERPs (Event-Related Potentials) deception detection Concealed knowlege |
| title | Concealed semantic and episodic autobiographical memory electrified |
| title_full | Concealed semantic and episodic autobiographical memory electrified |
| title_fullStr | Concealed semantic and episodic autobiographical memory electrified |
| title_full_unstemmed | Concealed semantic and episodic autobiographical memory electrified |
| title_short | Concealed semantic and episodic autobiographical memory electrified |
| title_sort | concealed semantic and episodic autobiographical memory electrified |
| topic | deception episodic memory Semantic memory ERPs (Event-Related Potentials) deception detection Concealed knowlege |
| url | http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fnhum.2012.00354/full |
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