A Novel Reduced Graphene Oxide Modified Carbon Paste Electrode for Potentiometric Determination of Trihexyphenidyl Hydrochloride in Pharmaceutical and Biological Matrices
A novel promising carbon paste electrode with excellent potentiometric properties was prepared for the analysis of trihexyphenidyl hydrochloride (THP), the acetylcholine receptor and an anticholinergic drug in real samples. It contains 10.2% trihexyphenidy-tetraphenylborate ionic pair as the electro...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-04-01
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| Series: | Sensors |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/9/2955 |
| _version_ | 1827694343631142912 |
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| author | Josip Radić Maša Buljac Boštjan Genorio Ema Gričar Mitja Kolar |
| author_facet | Josip Radić Maša Buljac Boštjan Genorio Ema Gričar Mitja Kolar |
| author_sort | Josip Radić |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | A novel promising carbon paste electrode with excellent potentiometric properties was prepared for the analysis of trihexyphenidyl hydrochloride (THP), the acetylcholine receptor and an anticholinergic drug in real samples. It contains 10.2% trihexyphenidy-tetraphenylborate ionic pair as the electroactive material, with the addition of 3.9% reduced graphene oxide and 0.3% of anionic additive into the paste, which consists of 45.0% dibutylphthalate as the solvent mediator and 40.6% graphite. Under the optimized experimental conditions, the electrode showed a Nernstian slope of 58.9 ± 0.2 mV/decade with a regression coefficient of 0.9992. It exhibited high selectivity and reproducibility as well as a fast and linear dynamic response range from 4.0 × 10<sup>−7</sup> to 1.0 × 10<sup>−2</sup> M. The electrode remained usable for up to 19 days. Analytical applications showed excellent recoveries ranging from 96.8 to 101.7%, LOD was 2.5 × 10<sup>−7</sup> M. The electrode was successfully used for THP analysis of pharmaceutical and biological samples. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T12:02:46Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5a7ff0ed1d364c91a1028b5eb5c5f64e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T12:02:46Z |
| publishDate | 2021-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-5a7ff0ed1d364c91a1028b5eb5c5f64e2023-11-21T16:48:30ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202021-04-01219295510.3390/s21092955A Novel Reduced Graphene Oxide Modified Carbon Paste Electrode for Potentiometric Determination of Trihexyphenidyl Hydrochloride in Pharmaceutical and Biological MatricesJosip Radić0Maša Buljac1Boštjan Genorio2Ema Gričar3Mitja Kolar4Department of Environmental Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Technology, R. Boškovića 35, 21000 Split, CroatiaDepartment of Environmental Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Technology, R. Boškovića 35, 21000 Split, CroatiaDepartment of Chemical Engineering and Technical Safety, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Večna pot 113, 1000 Ljubljana, SloveniaDepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Večna pot 113, 1000 Ljubljana, SloveniaDepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Večna pot 113, 1000 Ljubljana, SloveniaA novel promising carbon paste electrode with excellent potentiometric properties was prepared for the analysis of trihexyphenidyl hydrochloride (THP), the acetylcholine receptor and an anticholinergic drug in real samples. It contains 10.2% trihexyphenidy-tetraphenylborate ionic pair as the electroactive material, with the addition of 3.9% reduced graphene oxide and 0.3% of anionic additive into the paste, which consists of 45.0% dibutylphthalate as the solvent mediator and 40.6% graphite. Under the optimized experimental conditions, the electrode showed a Nernstian slope of 58.9 ± 0.2 mV/decade with a regression coefficient of 0.9992. It exhibited high selectivity and reproducibility as well as a fast and linear dynamic response range from 4.0 × 10<sup>−7</sup> to 1.0 × 10<sup>−2</sup> M. The electrode remained usable for up to 19 days. Analytical applications showed excellent recoveries ranging from 96.8 to 101.7%, LOD was 2.5 × 10<sup>−7</sup> M. The electrode was successfully used for THP analysis of pharmaceutical and biological samples.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/9/2955potentiometrycarbon paste electrodereduced graphene oxidetrihexyphenidyl hydrochloridepharmaceuticalsurine samples |
| spellingShingle | Josip Radić Maša Buljac Boštjan Genorio Ema Gričar Mitja Kolar A Novel Reduced Graphene Oxide Modified Carbon Paste Electrode for Potentiometric Determination of Trihexyphenidyl Hydrochloride in Pharmaceutical and Biological Matrices Sensors potentiometry carbon paste electrode reduced graphene oxide trihexyphenidyl hydrochloride pharmaceuticals urine samples |
| title | A Novel Reduced Graphene Oxide Modified Carbon Paste Electrode for Potentiometric Determination of Trihexyphenidyl Hydrochloride in Pharmaceutical and Biological Matrices |
| title_full | A Novel Reduced Graphene Oxide Modified Carbon Paste Electrode for Potentiometric Determination of Trihexyphenidyl Hydrochloride in Pharmaceutical and Biological Matrices |
| title_fullStr | A Novel Reduced Graphene Oxide Modified Carbon Paste Electrode for Potentiometric Determination of Trihexyphenidyl Hydrochloride in Pharmaceutical and Biological Matrices |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Novel Reduced Graphene Oxide Modified Carbon Paste Electrode for Potentiometric Determination of Trihexyphenidyl Hydrochloride in Pharmaceutical and Biological Matrices |
| title_short | A Novel Reduced Graphene Oxide Modified Carbon Paste Electrode for Potentiometric Determination of Trihexyphenidyl Hydrochloride in Pharmaceutical and Biological Matrices |
| title_sort | novel reduced graphene oxide modified carbon paste electrode for potentiometric determination of trihexyphenidyl hydrochloride in pharmaceutical and biological matrices |
| topic | potentiometry carbon paste electrode reduced graphene oxide trihexyphenidyl hydrochloride pharmaceuticals urine samples |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/9/2955 |
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