Resistance pattern of breakthrough urinary tract infections in children on antibiotic prophylaxis
Summary: Prophylactic antibiotics are commonly used for prevention of urinary tract infections (UTIs) in children. It was postulated that the organisms and resistance patterns of breakthrough infections would differ with the choice of antimicrobial prophylaxis. This was a retrospective descriptive s...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2009-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Infection and Public Health |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1876034109000574 |
| _version_ | 1828397018450493440 |
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| author | Ali Reza Nateghian Joan L. Robinson Shahab Mohandessi Nakysa Hooman |
| author_facet | Ali Reza Nateghian Joan L. Robinson Shahab Mohandessi Nakysa Hooman |
| author_sort | Ali Reza Nateghian |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Summary: Prophylactic antibiotics are commonly used for prevention of urinary tract infections (UTIs) in children. It was postulated that the organisms and resistance patterns of breakthrough infections would differ with the choice of antimicrobial prophylaxis. This was a retrospective descriptive study of all breakthroughs UTI from 2000 to 2006 in children over 1 month of age discharged from a referral children's hospital in Tehran, Iran on continuous antibiotic prophylaxis for UTIs. Fifty-seven children discharged on prophylaxis had breakthrough UTIs of which 32 (56%) had a previously diagnosed urinary tract anomaly. Escherichia coli was responsible for the majority of infections irrespective of choice of prophylaxis. Thirty-three of 56 breakthrough UTIs (59%) were with organisms that were resistant to the prophylactic antibiotic. There was an increased incidence of resistance to prophylaxis in children on cefixime (16 of 22; 78%) when compared with children on cephalexin (7 of 19; 37%; p = 0.02) and a trend toward increased resistance when compared with children on trimethoprim–sulfamethoxasole (3 of 8; 37%) (p = 0.10). In conclusion, the resistance pattern of organisms causing breakthrough UTIs varies with the choice of prophylaxis which should be taken into consideration in chosing empiric therapy for such infections. Keywords: Antibiotic prophylaxis, Cefixime, Pyelonephritis, Resistance, Antibiotic, Urinary tract infection |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-10T08:39:26Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5a84331eec9b4b2bb51232a9d45d88d1 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1876-0341 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-10T08:39:26Z |
| publishDate | 2009-01-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Infection and Public Health |
| spelling | doaj.art-5a84331eec9b4b2bb51232a9d45d88d12022-12-22T01:55:53ZengElsevierJournal of Infection and Public Health1876-03412009-01-0123147152Resistance pattern of breakthrough urinary tract infections in children on antibiotic prophylaxisAli Reza Nateghian0Joan L. Robinson1Shahab Mohandessi2Nakysa Hooman3Pediatric Infectious Diseases Department, Ali Asghar Children's Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranDepartment of Pediatrics and Stollery Children's Hospital, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada; Corresponding author at: Room 8213, Aberhart Centre One, 11402 University Avenue, Edmonton, AB, Canada T6G 2J3. Tel.: +1 780 407 3666; fax: +1 780 407 7136.Ali Asghar Children's Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranPediatric Nephrology Department, Ali Asghar Children's Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranSummary: Prophylactic antibiotics are commonly used for prevention of urinary tract infections (UTIs) in children. It was postulated that the organisms and resistance patterns of breakthrough infections would differ with the choice of antimicrobial prophylaxis. This was a retrospective descriptive study of all breakthroughs UTI from 2000 to 2006 in children over 1 month of age discharged from a referral children's hospital in Tehran, Iran on continuous antibiotic prophylaxis for UTIs. Fifty-seven children discharged on prophylaxis had breakthrough UTIs of which 32 (56%) had a previously diagnosed urinary tract anomaly. Escherichia coli was responsible for the majority of infections irrespective of choice of prophylaxis. Thirty-three of 56 breakthrough UTIs (59%) were with organisms that were resistant to the prophylactic antibiotic. There was an increased incidence of resistance to prophylaxis in children on cefixime (16 of 22; 78%) when compared with children on cephalexin (7 of 19; 37%; p = 0.02) and a trend toward increased resistance when compared with children on trimethoprim–sulfamethoxasole (3 of 8; 37%) (p = 0.10). In conclusion, the resistance pattern of organisms causing breakthrough UTIs varies with the choice of prophylaxis which should be taken into consideration in chosing empiric therapy for such infections. Keywords: Antibiotic prophylaxis, Cefixime, Pyelonephritis, Resistance, Antibiotic, Urinary tract infectionhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1876034109000574 |
| spellingShingle | Ali Reza Nateghian Joan L. Robinson Shahab Mohandessi Nakysa Hooman Resistance pattern of breakthrough urinary tract infections in children on antibiotic prophylaxis Journal of Infection and Public Health |
| title | Resistance pattern of breakthrough urinary tract infections in children on antibiotic prophylaxis |
| title_full | Resistance pattern of breakthrough urinary tract infections in children on antibiotic prophylaxis |
| title_fullStr | Resistance pattern of breakthrough urinary tract infections in children on antibiotic prophylaxis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Resistance pattern of breakthrough urinary tract infections in children on antibiotic prophylaxis |
| title_short | Resistance pattern of breakthrough urinary tract infections in children on antibiotic prophylaxis |
| title_sort | resistance pattern of breakthrough urinary tract infections in children on antibiotic prophylaxis |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1876034109000574 |
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