Risk of severe COVID-19 infection in persons with diabetes during the first and second waves in Denmark: A nationwide cohort study
ObjectiveCoronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) increases risk of hospitalization and death in diabetes and diabetes-related conditions. We examined the temporal trends in COVID-19-related hospitalization and mortality in the total Danish population by diabetes and diabetes-related conditions in the tw...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-10-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Endocrinology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2022.1025699/full |
| _version_ | 1797996631434461184 |
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| author | Jacob V. Stidsen Anders Green Louise Rosengaard Kurt Højlund Kurt Højlund |
| author_facet | Jacob V. Stidsen Anders Green Louise Rosengaard Kurt Højlund Kurt Højlund |
| author_sort | Jacob V. Stidsen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | ObjectiveCoronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) increases risk of hospitalization and death in diabetes and diabetes-related conditions. We examined the temporal trends in COVID-19-related hospitalization and mortality in the total Danish population by diabetes and diabetes-related conditions in the two first waves of COVID-19 in Denmark.Materials and methodsWe identified all persons with diabetes in the whole Danish population using national registries. COVID-19-related risks of hospitalization and death were assessed using Cox regression analysis in wave 1 (1 March-31 August 2020) and wave 2 (1 September 2020-28 February 2021) of the pandemic for persons with (n=321,933) and without diabetes (n=5,479,755). Analyses were stratified according to status of hypertension, obesity, cardiovascular and microvascular disease.ResultsThe cumulative incidence of COVID-19 hospitalization increased from wave 1 to wave 2 in both persons without (from 4 to 10 in 10,000) and with diabetes (from 16 to 54 per 10,000). The relative risk of hospitalization, however, increased more in patients with diabetes compared to persons without (age-, sex- and co-morbidity-adjusted HR [aHR] 1.40 (95% CI 1.27, 1.55) versus 1.76 (1.65, 1.87), p<0.001 for interaction with wave). The mortality rate, according to the whole population, increased similarly in persons without and with diabetes from wave 1 to wave 2 (from 0.63 to 1.5 versus from 4.3 to 10 in 10,000; aHR 1.65; 1.34, 2.03 and 1.64; 1.43, 1.88). However, when mortality was restricted to the hospitalized population, the crude mortality fell from 26.8% to 19.6% in persons with diabetes, while only a minor decrease was seen in persons without diabetes (from 16.7% to 15.5%).ConclusionThe risk of COVID-19-related hospitalization increased more in persons with than without diabetes from wave 1 to wave 2 of the COVID-19 pandemic in the Danish population. However, mortality according to the whole population did not change, due to reduced mortality among hospitalized persons with diabetes. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T10:20:27Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5a88c43ec17d400b8f7e4cd7fa7ec08d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-2392 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T10:20:27Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Endocrinology |
| spelling | doaj.art-5a88c43ec17d400b8f7e4cd7fa7ec08d2022-12-22T04:29:46ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Endocrinology1664-23922022-10-011310.3389/fendo.2022.10256991025699Risk of severe COVID-19 infection in persons with diabetes during the first and second waves in Denmark: A nationwide cohort studyJacob V. Stidsen0Anders Green1Louise Rosengaard2Kurt Højlund3Kurt Højlund4Steno Diabetes Center Odense, Odense University Hospital, Odense, DenmarkSteno Diabetes Center Odense, Odense University Hospital, Odense, DenmarkOpen Patient data Explorative Network, Odense University Hospital, Odense, DenmarkSteno Diabetes Center Odense, Odense University Hospital, Odense, DenmarkDepartment of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, DenmarkObjectiveCoronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) increases risk of hospitalization and death in diabetes and diabetes-related conditions. We examined the temporal trends in COVID-19-related hospitalization and mortality in the total Danish population by diabetes and diabetes-related conditions in the two first waves of COVID-19 in Denmark.Materials and methodsWe identified all persons with diabetes in the whole Danish population using national registries. COVID-19-related risks of hospitalization and death were assessed using Cox regression analysis in wave 1 (1 March-31 August 2020) and wave 2 (1 September 2020-28 February 2021) of the pandemic for persons with (n=321,933) and without diabetes (n=5,479,755). Analyses were stratified according to status of hypertension, obesity, cardiovascular and microvascular disease.ResultsThe cumulative incidence of COVID-19 hospitalization increased from wave 1 to wave 2 in both persons without (from 4 to 10 in 10,000) and with diabetes (from 16 to 54 per 10,000). The relative risk of hospitalization, however, increased more in patients with diabetes compared to persons without (age-, sex- and co-morbidity-adjusted HR [aHR] 1.40 (95% CI 1.27, 1.55) versus 1.76 (1.65, 1.87), p<0.001 for interaction with wave). The mortality rate, according to the whole population, increased similarly in persons without and with diabetes from wave 1 to wave 2 (from 0.63 to 1.5 versus from 4.3 to 10 in 10,000; aHR 1.65; 1.34, 2.03 and 1.64; 1.43, 1.88). However, when mortality was restricted to the hospitalized population, the crude mortality fell from 26.8% to 19.6% in persons with diabetes, while only a minor decrease was seen in persons without diabetes (from 16.7% to 15.5%).ConclusionThe risk of COVID-19-related hospitalization increased more in persons with than without diabetes from wave 1 to wave 2 of the COVID-19 pandemic in the Danish population. However, mortality according to the whole population did not change, due to reduced mortality among hospitalized persons with diabetes.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2022.1025699/fullCOVID-19diabetescardiovascular diseasemicrovascular diseasehypertensionSARS-CoV-2 |
| spellingShingle | Jacob V. Stidsen Anders Green Louise Rosengaard Kurt Højlund Kurt Højlund Risk of severe COVID-19 infection in persons with diabetes during the first and second waves in Denmark: A nationwide cohort study Frontiers in Endocrinology COVID-19 diabetes cardiovascular disease microvascular disease hypertension SARS-CoV-2 |
| title | Risk of severe COVID-19 infection in persons with diabetes during the first and second waves in Denmark: A nationwide cohort study |
| title_full | Risk of severe COVID-19 infection in persons with diabetes during the first and second waves in Denmark: A nationwide cohort study |
| title_fullStr | Risk of severe COVID-19 infection in persons with diabetes during the first and second waves in Denmark: A nationwide cohort study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Risk of severe COVID-19 infection in persons with diabetes during the first and second waves in Denmark: A nationwide cohort study |
| title_short | Risk of severe COVID-19 infection in persons with diabetes during the first and second waves in Denmark: A nationwide cohort study |
| title_sort | risk of severe covid 19 infection in persons with diabetes during the first and second waves in denmark a nationwide cohort study |
| topic | COVID-19 diabetes cardiovascular disease microvascular disease hypertension SARS-CoV-2 |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2022.1025699/full |
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