Mortality among amphetamine users with hepatitis C virus infection: A nationwide study.
<h4>Aims</h4>To investigate liver-related and all-cause mortality among amphetamine users with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and compare this with opioid users with HCV infection and the uninfected general population.<h4>Methods</h4>In this national register study of mort...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2021-01-01
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| Series: | PLoS ONE |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0253710 |
| _version_ | 1818720873968828416 |
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| author | Caroline Gahrton Anders Håkansson Martin Kåberg Anna Jerkeman Henrike Häbel Olav Dalgard Ann-Sofi Duberg Soo Aleman |
| author_facet | Caroline Gahrton Anders Håkansson Martin Kåberg Anna Jerkeman Henrike Häbel Olav Dalgard Ann-Sofi Duberg Soo Aleman |
| author_sort | Caroline Gahrton |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <h4>Aims</h4>To investigate liver-related and all-cause mortality among amphetamine users with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and compare this with opioid users with HCV infection and the uninfected general population.<h4>Methods</h4>In this national register study of mortality in persons notified with HCV infection 1990-2015 and a substance-related diagnosis in Sweden, amphetamine users (n = 6,509) were compared with opioid users (n = 5,739) and a matched comparison group without HCV infection/substance use (n = 152,086).<h4>Results</h4>Amphetamine users were observed for 91,000 years and 30.1% deceased. Crude liver-related mortality was 1.8 times higher in amphetamine users than opioid users (crude mortality rate ratio 1.78, 95% CI 1.45-2.19), but there was no significant difference when adjusting for age and other defined risk factors. An alcohol-related diagnosis was associated with liver-related death and was more common among amphetamine users. Crude and adjusted liver-related mortality was 39.4 and 5.8 times higher, respectively, compared with the uninfected group. All-cause mortality was lower than in opioid users (adjusted mortality rate ratio 0.78, 95% CI 0.73-0.84), but high compared with the uninfected group. External causes of death dominated in younger ages whereas liver-related death was more common among older individuals.<h4>Conclusions</h4>This national register study presents a higher crude risk of liver-related death among HCV-infected amphetamine users compared with opioid users or the uninfected general population. The higher risk of liver-related death compared with opioid users may be explained by lower competing death risk and higher alcohol consumption. Treatment of HCV infection and alcohol use disorders are needed to reduce the high liver-related mortality. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-17T20:29:46Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5a91c51137f1448085f0c791ea1ccc69 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1932-6203 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-17T20:29:46Z |
| publishDate | 2021-01-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PLoS ONE |
| spelling | doaj.art-5a91c51137f1448085f0c791ea1ccc692022-12-21T21:33:38ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032021-01-01166e025371010.1371/journal.pone.0253710Mortality among amphetamine users with hepatitis C virus infection: A nationwide study.Caroline GahrtonAnders HåkanssonMartin KåbergAnna JerkemanHenrike HäbelOlav DalgardAnn-Sofi DubergSoo Aleman<h4>Aims</h4>To investigate liver-related and all-cause mortality among amphetamine users with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and compare this with opioid users with HCV infection and the uninfected general population.<h4>Methods</h4>In this national register study of mortality in persons notified with HCV infection 1990-2015 and a substance-related diagnosis in Sweden, amphetamine users (n = 6,509) were compared with opioid users (n = 5,739) and a matched comparison group without HCV infection/substance use (n = 152,086).<h4>Results</h4>Amphetamine users were observed for 91,000 years and 30.1% deceased. Crude liver-related mortality was 1.8 times higher in amphetamine users than opioid users (crude mortality rate ratio 1.78, 95% CI 1.45-2.19), but there was no significant difference when adjusting for age and other defined risk factors. An alcohol-related diagnosis was associated with liver-related death and was more common among amphetamine users. Crude and adjusted liver-related mortality was 39.4 and 5.8 times higher, respectively, compared with the uninfected group. All-cause mortality was lower than in opioid users (adjusted mortality rate ratio 0.78, 95% CI 0.73-0.84), but high compared with the uninfected group. External causes of death dominated in younger ages whereas liver-related death was more common among older individuals.<h4>Conclusions</h4>This national register study presents a higher crude risk of liver-related death among HCV-infected amphetamine users compared with opioid users or the uninfected general population. The higher risk of liver-related death compared with opioid users may be explained by lower competing death risk and higher alcohol consumption. Treatment of HCV infection and alcohol use disorders are needed to reduce the high liver-related mortality.https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0253710 |
| spellingShingle | Caroline Gahrton Anders Håkansson Martin Kåberg Anna Jerkeman Henrike Häbel Olav Dalgard Ann-Sofi Duberg Soo Aleman Mortality among amphetamine users with hepatitis C virus infection: A nationwide study. PLoS ONE |
| title | Mortality among amphetamine users with hepatitis C virus infection: A nationwide study. |
| title_full | Mortality among amphetamine users with hepatitis C virus infection: A nationwide study. |
| title_fullStr | Mortality among amphetamine users with hepatitis C virus infection: A nationwide study. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Mortality among amphetamine users with hepatitis C virus infection: A nationwide study. |
| title_short | Mortality among amphetamine users with hepatitis C virus infection: A nationwide study. |
| title_sort | mortality among amphetamine users with hepatitis c virus infection a nationwide study |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0253710 |
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