The gastroprotective effect of ethyl acetate fraction of hot water extract of Trichosanthes cucumerina Linn and its underlying mechanisms
Abstract Background Antacids, anticholinergic drugs, histamine H2- receptor antagonists and irreversible proton pump inhibitors have been used for the treatment of gastric ulcers. However, prolonged use of these drugs may lead to series of adverse effects such as diarrhea, headache, rash, hypertensi...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2017-06-01
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| Series: | BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine |
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| Online Access: | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12906-017-1796-y |
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| author | Ramani Karunakaran M. Ira Thabrew G. Mayuri Thammitiyagodage B. Prasanna Galhena L.D.A. Menuka Arawwawala |
| author_facet | Ramani Karunakaran M. Ira Thabrew G. Mayuri Thammitiyagodage B. Prasanna Galhena L.D.A. Menuka Arawwawala |
| author_sort | Ramani Karunakaran |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Antacids, anticholinergic drugs, histamine H2- receptor antagonists and irreversible proton pump inhibitors have been used for the treatment of gastric ulcers. However, prolonged use of these drugs may lead to series of adverse effects such as diarrhea, headache, rash, hypertension, muscular and joint pain. Therefore, there is an urgent need of more effective and safer treatments with fewer side effects. The aim of the present study was to scientifically evaluate the gastroprotective activity of fractions of the hot water extract of Trichosanthes cucumerina Linn (Family: Cucurbitaceae) aerial parts with a view to identifying the fraction with the best gastroprotective activity and the possible mechanism/s by which this fraction exert gastroprotection. Methods Gastroprotective activity of hexane fraction (HF), ethyl acetate fraction (EF), butanol fraction (BF) and aqueous fraction (AF) were evaluated by the assessment of ability to reduce the ulcer index in ethanol-induced rat model and the mode of action by which the most active fraction mediating gastroprotection. Results EF showed the maximum gastroprotection effect followed by BF and AF. EF (75 mg/kg) exhibited significantly higher gastroprotection compared to the reference drugs. Further investigations with two lower doses of EF confirmed that EF can mediated a significant and dose dependent gastroprotection. The rats treated with the EF showed significant reduction in free acidity (45%), total acidity (by 48%) in the gastric juice, increased the amount of mucus produced by the rat gastro mucosa and potent antihistamine activity (by 25.6%). EF was also rich in phenolic compounds and flavonoids. Conclusion Gastroprotective mechanism of EF is possibly involves inhibition of acidity, elevation in mucus content, inhibition of histamine and antioxidant mechanisms. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-10T21:45:36Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5ab8f2025b034668a653481f976fe6d6 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1472-6882 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-10T21:45:36Z |
| publishDate | 2017-06-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-5ab8f2025b034668a653481f976fe6d62022-12-22T01:32:23ZengBMCBMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine1472-68822017-06-011711810.1186/s12906-017-1796-yThe gastroprotective effect of ethyl acetate fraction of hot water extract of Trichosanthes cucumerina Linn and its underlying mechanismsRamani Karunakaran0M. Ira Thabrew1G. Mayuri Thammitiyagodage2B. Prasanna Galhena3L.D.A. Menuka Arawwawala4Medical Research InstituteInstitute of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology & BiotechnologyMedical Research InstituteDepartment of Biochemistry & Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of KelaniyaIndustrial Technology InstituteAbstract Background Antacids, anticholinergic drugs, histamine H2- receptor antagonists and irreversible proton pump inhibitors have been used for the treatment of gastric ulcers. However, prolonged use of these drugs may lead to series of adverse effects such as diarrhea, headache, rash, hypertension, muscular and joint pain. Therefore, there is an urgent need of more effective and safer treatments with fewer side effects. The aim of the present study was to scientifically evaluate the gastroprotective activity of fractions of the hot water extract of Trichosanthes cucumerina Linn (Family: Cucurbitaceae) aerial parts with a view to identifying the fraction with the best gastroprotective activity and the possible mechanism/s by which this fraction exert gastroprotection. Methods Gastroprotective activity of hexane fraction (HF), ethyl acetate fraction (EF), butanol fraction (BF) and aqueous fraction (AF) were evaluated by the assessment of ability to reduce the ulcer index in ethanol-induced rat model and the mode of action by which the most active fraction mediating gastroprotection. Results EF showed the maximum gastroprotection effect followed by BF and AF. EF (75 mg/kg) exhibited significantly higher gastroprotection compared to the reference drugs. Further investigations with two lower doses of EF confirmed that EF can mediated a significant and dose dependent gastroprotection. The rats treated with the EF showed significant reduction in free acidity (45%), total acidity (by 48%) in the gastric juice, increased the amount of mucus produced by the rat gastro mucosa and potent antihistamine activity (by 25.6%). EF was also rich in phenolic compounds and flavonoids. Conclusion Gastroprotective mechanism of EF is possibly involves inhibition of acidity, elevation in mucus content, inhibition of histamine and antioxidant mechanisms.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12906-017-1796-yTrichosanthes cucumerina LinnGastroprotectionEthyl acetate fractionAcidityMuscusAntihistamine |
| spellingShingle | Ramani Karunakaran M. Ira Thabrew G. Mayuri Thammitiyagodage B. Prasanna Galhena L.D.A. Menuka Arawwawala The gastroprotective effect of ethyl acetate fraction of hot water extract of Trichosanthes cucumerina Linn and its underlying mechanisms BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine Trichosanthes cucumerina Linn Gastroprotection Ethyl acetate fraction Acidity Muscus Antihistamine |
| title | The gastroprotective effect of ethyl acetate fraction of hot water extract of Trichosanthes cucumerina Linn and its underlying mechanisms |
| title_full | The gastroprotective effect of ethyl acetate fraction of hot water extract of Trichosanthes cucumerina Linn and its underlying mechanisms |
| title_fullStr | The gastroprotective effect of ethyl acetate fraction of hot water extract of Trichosanthes cucumerina Linn and its underlying mechanisms |
| title_full_unstemmed | The gastroprotective effect of ethyl acetate fraction of hot water extract of Trichosanthes cucumerina Linn and its underlying mechanisms |
| title_short | The gastroprotective effect of ethyl acetate fraction of hot water extract of Trichosanthes cucumerina Linn and its underlying mechanisms |
| title_sort | gastroprotective effect of ethyl acetate fraction of hot water extract of trichosanthes cucumerina linn and its underlying mechanisms |
| topic | Trichosanthes cucumerina Linn Gastroprotection Ethyl acetate fraction Acidity Muscus Antihistamine |
| url | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12906-017-1796-y |
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