Neurodegeneration and epigenetics: A review
Neuronal function and differentiation are tightly regulated by both genome and epigenome. Based on the environmental information the epigenetic changes occur. Neurodegeneration is the consequence of dysregulation of both the genome and epigenome. In this study, we saw different types of alterations...
| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | Spanish |
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Elsevier España
2023-07-01
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| Series: | Neurología |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0213485321000347 |
| _version_ | 1827929215761121280 |
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| author | P. Ghosh A. Saadat |
| author_facet | P. Ghosh A. Saadat |
| author_sort | P. Ghosh |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Neuronal function and differentiation are tightly regulated by both genome and epigenome. Based on the environmental information the epigenetic changes occur. Neurodegeneration is the consequence of dysregulation of both the genome and epigenome. In this study, we saw different types of alterations of epigenome present in neuronal cells of different model organisms for neurodegenerative disorders. The epigenetic modifications including chromatin modification, DNA methylation, and changes in regulatory RNAs (miRNA) are having a great impact on neurodegenerative disorders as well as memory. The effects of these re-editing in the neuronal cells cause Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease but an unusual form of neuroepigenetics has been seen in Prion Disease. Subsequently, for the development of treatment of these diseases, epigenetic modifications should be kept in mind. Although until now many reports came on drug discovery inhibiting histone deacetylases and DNA methyltransferases to reverse the epigenetic change but they lack targeted delivery and sometimes cause a cytotoxic effect on neuronal cells. In future, advancement in targeted and non-cytotoxic drugs should be the main focus for therapeutic treatment of the neurodegenerative disorders. Resumen: La función y diferenciación neuronales están reguladas en gran medida por el genoma y el epigenoma. Los estímulos ambientales producen cambios epigenéticos. La neurodegeneración es consecuencia de una alteración en el genoma y el epigenoma. Hemos analizado diferentes tipos de alteraciones del epigenoma presentes en células neuronales de diferentes modelos animales de enfermedad neurodegenerativa. Los cambios epigenéticos (modificación de la cromatina, metilación del ADN, cambios en los ARN reguladores [miARN]) tienen un impacto importante en las enfermedades neurodegenerativas y en la memoria. Dichos cambios en células neuronales causan diferentes enfermedades, como las de Alzheimer, Parkinson, y Huntington; sin embargo, las enfermedades priónicas muestran formas epigenéticas inusuales. Por tanto, el desarrollo de tratamientos para estas enfermedades debe considerar los cambios epigenéticos. Se han desarrollado diversos fármacos inhibidores de la histona deacetilasa y la ADN metiltransferasa, que revierten los cambios epigenéticos, pero no utilizan sistemas de liberación inteligente, por lo que a veces pueden producir efectos citotóxicos en las células neuronales. La investigación sobre tratamientos para las enfermedades neurodegenerativas debe centrarse en el desarrollo de fármacos no citotóxicos con sistemas de liberación inteligente. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-13T06:19:37Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5ac29a80693044b5a14f8b380f4b98b8 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0213-4853 |
| language | Spanish |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-13T06:19:37Z |
| publishDate | 2023-07-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier España |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Neurología |
| spelling | doaj.art-5ac29a80693044b5a14f8b380f4b98b82023-06-10T04:26:51ZspaElsevier EspañaNeurología0213-48532023-07-01386e62e68Neurodegeneration and epigenetics: A reviewP. Ghosh0A. Saadat1Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Kalapet, Puducherry 605014, IndiaCorresponding author.; Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Kalapet, Puducherry 605014, IndiaNeuronal function and differentiation are tightly regulated by both genome and epigenome. Based on the environmental information the epigenetic changes occur. Neurodegeneration is the consequence of dysregulation of both the genome and epigenome. In this study, we saw different types of alterations of epigenome present in neuronal cells of different model organisms for neurodegenerative disorders. The epigenetic modifications including chromatin modification, DNA methylation, and changes in regulatory RNAs (miRNA) are having a great impact on neurodegenerative disorders as well as memory. The effects of these re-editing in the neuronal cells cause Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease but an unusual form of neuroepigenetics has been seen in Prion Disease. Subsequently, for the development of treatment of these diseases, epigenetic modifications should be kept in mind. Although until now many reports came on drug discovery inhibiting histone deacetylases and DNA methyltransferases to reverse the epigenetic change but they lack targeted delivery and sometimes cause a cytotoxic effect on neuronal cells. In future, advancement in targeted and non-cytotoxic drugs should be the main focus for therapeutic treatment of the neurodegenerative disorders. Resumen: La función y diferenciación neuronales están reguladas en gran medida por el genoma y el epigenoma. Los estímulos ambientales producen cambios epigenéticos. La neurodegeneración es consecuencia de una alteración en el genoma y el epigenoma. Hemos analizado diferentes tipos de alteraciones del epigenoma presentes en células neuronales de diferentes modelos animales de enfermedad neurodegenerativa. Los cambios epigenéticos (modificación de la cromatina, metilación del ADN, cambios en los ARN reguladores [miARN]) tienen un impacto importante en las enfermedades neurodegenerativas y en la memoria. Dichos cambios en células neuronales causan diferentes enfermedades, como las de Alzheimer, Parkinson, y Huntington; sin embargo, las enfermedades priónicas muestran formas epigenéticas inusuales. Por tanto, el desarrollo de tratamientos para estas enfermedades debe considerar los cambios epigenéticos. Se han desarrollado diversos fármacos inhibidores de la histona deacetilasa y la ADN metiltransferasa, que revierten los cambios epigenéticos, pero no utilizan sistemas de liberación inteligente, por lo que a veces pueden producir efectos citotóxicos en las células neuronales. La investigación sobre tratamientos para las enfermedades neurodegenerativas debe centrarse en el desarrollo de fármacos no citotóxicos con sistemas de liberación inteligente.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0213485321000347EpigenéticaEnfermedades neurodegenerativasModificación de histonasMetilación de ADN |
| spellingShingle | P. Ghosh A. Saadat Neurodegeneration and epigenetics: A review Neurología Epigenética Enfermedades neurodegenerativas Modificación de histonas Metilación de ADN |
| title | Neurodegeneration and epigenetics: A review |
| title_full | Neurodegeneration and epigenetics: A review |
| title_fullStr | Neurodegeneration and epigenetics: A review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Neurodegeneration and epigenetics: A review |
| title_short | Neurodegeneration and epigenetics: A review |
| title_sort | neurodegeneration and epigenetics a review |
| topic | Epigenética Enfermedades neurodegenerativas Modificación de histonas Metilación de ADN |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0213485321000347 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT pghosh neurodegenerationandepigeneticsareview AT asaadat neurodegenerationandepigeneticsareview |