Olfactory marker protein contains a leucine-rich domain in the Ω-loop important for nuclear export
Abstract Olfactory marker protein (OMP) is a cytosolic protein expressed in mature olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs). OMP modulates cAMP signalling and regulates olfactory sensation and axonal targeting. OMP is a small soluble protein, and passive diffusion between nucleus and cytoplasm is expected....
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2022-11-01
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| Series: | Molecular Brain |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13041-022-00973-0 |
| _version_ | 1811328838290898944 |
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| author | Noriyuki Nakashima Akiko Nakashima Kie Nakashima Makoto Takano |
| author_facet | Noriyuki Nakashima Akiko Nakashima Kie Nakashima Makoto Takano |
| author_sort | Noriyuki Nakashima |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Olfactory marker protein (OMP) is a cytosolic protein expressed in mature olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs). OMP modulates cAMP signalling and regulates olfactory sensation and axonal targeting. OMP is a small soluble protein, and passive diffusion between nucleus and cytoplasm is expected. However, OMP is mostly situated in the cytosol and is only sparsely detected in the nuclei of a subset of ORNs, hypothalamic neurons and heterologously OMP-expressing cultured cells. OMP can enter the nucleus in association with transcription factors. However, how OMP is retained in the cytosol at rest is unclear. Because OMP is proposed to affect cell differentiation, it is important to understand how OMP is distributed between cytoplasm and nucleus. To elucidate the structural profile of OMP, we applied several bioinformatics methods to a multiple sequence alignment (MSA) of OMP protein sequences and ranked the evolutionarily conserved residues. In addition to the previously reported cAMP-binding domain, we identified a leucine-rich domain in the Ω-loop of OMP. We introduced mutations into the leucine-rich region and heterologously expressed the mutant OMP in HEK293T cells. Mutations into alanine increased the nuclear distribution of OMP quantified by immunocytochemistry and western blotting. Therefore, we concluded that OMP contains a leucine-rich domain important for nuclear transport. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T15:32:06Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5ac49646820449d29fd21d2562aa3540 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1756-6606 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T15:32:06Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecular Brain |
| spelling | doaj.art-5ac49646820449d29fd21d2562aa35402022-12-22T02:41:21ZengBMCMolecular Brain1756-66062022-11-0115111010.1186/s13041-022-00973-0Olfactory marker protein contains a leucine-rich domain in the Ω-loop important for nuclear exportNoriyuki Nakashima0Akiko Nakashima1Kie Nakashima2Makoto Takano3Department of Physiology, Kurume University School of MedicineDepartment of Physiology, Kurume University School of MedicineDepartment of Physiology and Cell Biology, Kobe University School of MedicineDepartment of Physiology, Kurume University School of MedicineAbstract Olfactory marker protein (OMP) is a cytosolic protein expressed in mature olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs). OMP modulates cAMP signalling and regulates olfactory sensation and axonal targeting. OMP is a small soluble protein, and passive diffusion between nucleus and cytoplasm is expected. However, OMP is mostly situated in the cytosol and is only sparsely detected in the nuclei of a subset of ORNs, hypothalamic neurons and heterologously OMP-expressing cultured cells. OMP can enter the nucleus in association with transcription factors. However, how OMP is retained in the cytosol at rest is unclear. Because OMP is proposed to affect cell differentiation, it is important to understand how OMP is distributed between cytoplasm and nucleus. To elucidate the structural profile of OMP, we applied several bioinformatics methods to a multiple sequence alignment (MSA) of OMP protein sequences and ranked the evolutionarily conserved residues. In addition to the previously reported cAMP-binding domain, we identified a leucine-rich domain in the Ω-loop of OMP. We introduced mutations into the leucine-rich region and heterologously expressed the mutant OMP in HEK293T cells. Mutations into alanine increased the nuclear distribution of OMP quantified by immunocytochemistry and western blotting. Therefore, we concluded that OMP contains a leucine-rich domain important for nuclear transport.https://doi.org/10.1186/s13041-022-00973-0Olfactory marker protein (OMP)Hypothalamic neuronsNuclear transportNuclear export signals (NES)Leucine-rich sequenceBioinformatics |
| spellingShingle | Noriyuki Nakashima Akiko Nakashima Kie Nakashima Makoto Takano Olfactory marker protein contains a leucine-rich domain in the Ω-loop important for nuclear export Molecular Brain Olfactory marker protein (OMP) Hypothalamic neurons Nuclear transport Nuclear export signals (NES) Leucine-rich sequence Bioinformatics |
| title | Olfactory marker protein contains a leucine-rich domain in the Ω-loop important for nuclear export |
| title_full | Olfactory marker protein contains a leucine-rich domain in the Ω-loop important for nuclear export |
| title_fullStr | Olfactory marker protein contains a leucine-rich domain in the Ω-loop important for nuclear export |
| title_full_unstemmed | Olfactory marker protein contains a leucine-rich domain in the Ω-loop important for nuclear export |
| title_short | Olfactory marker protein contains a leucine-rich domain in the Ω-loop important for nuclear export |
| title_sort | olfactory marker protein contains a leucine rich domain in the ω loop important for nuclear export |
| topic | Olfactory marker protein (OMP) Hypothalamic neurons Nuclear transport Nuclear export signals (NES) Leucine-rich sequence Bioinformatics |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13041-022-00973-0 |
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