Unravelling Plant Responses to Stress—The Importance of Targeted and Untargeted Metabolomics
Climate change and an increasing population, present a massive global challenge with respect to environmentally sustainable nutritious food production. Crop yield enhancements, through breeding, are decreasing, whilst agricultural intensification is constrained by emerging, re-emerging, and endemic...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-08-01
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| Series: | Metabolites |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1989/11/8/558 |
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| author | James William Allwood Alex Williams Henriette Uthe Nicole M. van Dam Luis A. J. Mur Murray R. Grant Pierre Pétriacq |
| author_facet | James William Allwood Alex Williams Henriette Uthe Nicole M. van Dam Luis A. J. Mur Murray R. Grant Pierre Pétriacq |
| author_sort | James William Allwood |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Climate change and an increasing population, present a massive global challenge with respect to environmentally sustainable nutritious food production. Crop yield enhancements, through breeding, are decreasing, whilst agricultural intensification is constrained by emerging, re-emerging, and endemic pests and pathogens, accounting for ~30% of global crop losses, as well as mounting abiotic stress pressures, due to climate change. Metabolomics approaches have previously contributed to our knowledge within the fields of molecular plant pathology and plant–insect interactions. However, these remain incredibly challenging targets, due to the vast diversity in metabolite volatility and polarity, heterogeneous mixtures of pathogen and plant cells, as well as rapid rates of metabolite turn-over. Unravelling the systematic biochemical responses of plants to various individual and combined stresses, involves monitoring signaling compounds, secondary messengers, phytohormones, and defensive and protective chemicals. This demands both targeted and untargeted metabolomics approaches, as well as a range of enzymatic assays, protein assays, and proteomic and transcriptomic technologies. In this review, we focus upon the technical and biological challenges of measuring the metabolome associated with plant stress. We illustrate the challenges, with relevant examples from bacterial and fungal molecular pathologies, plant–insect interactions, and abiotic and combined stress in the environment. We also discuss future prospects from both the perspective of key innovative metabolomic technologies and their deployment in breeding for stress resistance. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T08:36:06Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5ac49aa90da14834ac71ffcd50d0468d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2218-1989 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T08:36:06Z |
| publishDate | 2021-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Metabolites |
| spelling | doaj.art-5ac49aa90da14834ac71ffcd50d0468d2023-11-22T08:40:03ZengMDPI AGMetabolites2218-19892021-08-0111855810.3390/metabo11080558Unravelling Plant Responses to Stress—The Importance of Targeted and Untargeted MetabolomicsJames William Allwood0Alex Williams1Henriette Uthe2Nicole M. van Dam3Luis A. J. Mur4Murray R. Grant5Pierre Pétriacq6Environmental and Biochemical Sciences, James Hutton Institute, Errol Road, Invergowrie, Dundee DD2 5DA, UKSchool of Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UKGerman Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Molecular Interaction Ecology Group, Friedrich-Schiller University Jena, Puschstr. 4, 04103 Leipzig, GermanyGerman Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Molecular Interaction Ecology Group, Friedrich-Schiller University Jena, Puschstr. 4, 04103 Leipzig, GermanyInstitute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences (IBERS), Edward Llwyd Building, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth SY23 3DA, UKGibbet Hill Campus, School of Life Sciences, The University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UKUMR 1332 Fruit Biology and Pathology, Centre INRAE de Nouvelle Aquitaine Bordeaux, University of Bordeaux, 33140 Villenave d’Ornon, FranceClimate change and an increasing population, present a massive global challenge with respect to environmentally sustainable nutritious food production. Crop yield enhancements, through breeding, are decreasing, whilst agricultural intensification is constrained by emerging, re-emerging, and endemic pests and pathogens, accounting for ~30% of global crop losses, as well as mounting abiotic stress pressures, due to climate change. Metabolomics approaches have previously contributed to our knowledge within the fields of molecular plant pathology and plant–insect interactions. However, these remain incredibly challenging targets, due to the vast diversity in metabolite volatility and polarity, heterogeneous mixtures of pathogen and plant cells, as well as rapid rates of metabolite turn-over. Unravelling the systematic biochemical responses of plants to various individual and combined stresses, involves monitoring signaling compounds, secondary messengers, phytohormones, and defensive and protective chemicals. This demands both targeted and untargeted metabolomics approaches, as well as a range of enzymatic assays, protein assays, and proteomic and transcriptomic technologies. In this review, we focus upon the technical and biological challenges of measuring the metabolome associated with plant stress. We illustrate the challenges, with relevant examples from bacterial and fungal molecular pathologies, plant–insect interactions, and abiotic and combined stress in the environment. We also discuss future prospects from both the perspective of key innovative metabolomic technologies and their deployment in breeding for stress resistance.https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1989/11/8/558metabolomicsplant pathologyplant–insect interactionsbiotic stressabiotic stresstargeted |
| spellingShingle | James William Allwood Alex Williams Henriette Uthe Nicole M. van Dam Luis A. J. Mur Murray R. Grant Pierre Pétriacq Unravelling Plant Responses to Stress—The Importance of Targeted and Untargeted Metabolomics Metabolites metabolomics plant pathology plant–insect interactions biotic stress abiotic stress targeted |
| title | Unravelling Plant Responses to Stress—The Importance of Targeted and Untargeted Metabolomics |
| title_full | Unravelling Plant Responses to Stress—The Importance of Targeted and Untargeted Metabolomics |
| title_fullStr | Unravelling Plant Responses to Stress—The Importance of Targeted and Untargeted Metabolomics |
| title_full_unstemmed | Unravelling Plant Responses to Stress—The Importance of Targeted and Untargeted Metabolomics |
| title_short | Unravelling Plant Responses to Stress—The Importance of Targeted and Untargeted Metabolomics |
| title_sort | unravelling plant responses to stress the importance of targeted and untargeted metabolomics |
| topic | metabolomics plant pathology plant–insect interactions biotic stress abiotic stress targeted |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1989/11/8/558 |
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