Antiviral Drugs in Adenovirus-Induced Keratoconjunctivitis
Human adenovirus (HAdV) is one of the most common causes of conjunctivitis worldwide. Depending on specific serotypes and other factors, it can lead to several ocular manifestations, ranging from isolated, self-limited disease to epidemic and potentially sight-threatening keratoconjunctivitis. To da...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-10-01
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| Series: | Microorganisms |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/10/10/2014 |
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| author | Roberto Imparato Nicola Rosa Maddalena De Bernardo |
| author_facet | Roberto Imparato Nicola Rosa Maddalena De Bernardo |
| author_sort | Roberto Imparato |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Human adenovirus (HAdV) is one of the most common causes of conjunctivitis worldwide. Depending on specific serotypes and other factors, it can lead to several ocular manifestations, ranging from isolated, self-limited disease to epidemic and potentially sight-threatening keratoconjunctivitis. To date, no antiviral agent against ocular adenovirus has been licensed, and its management is still based on hygienic and supportive measures alone. In this review, a literature search up to August 2021 was performed to find peer-reviewed articles, with the primary aim to investigate drugs or other compounds with any antiviral activity against adenovirus. Finally, we included 70 articles, consisting of both in vitro, and in vivo studies on animal models and clinical trials of any phase, as well as a case-report, and analyzed each compound separately. Many antiviral agents proved to be effective on in vivo and in vitro studies on animal models, and in pre-clinical trials, but lacked reliability in large, controlled clinical investigations. The design of such studies, though, presented several hurdles, due to the nature and the specific characteristics of adenovirus-induced ocular diseases. Nevertheless, some promising compounds are currently under study, and further investigations are needed to prove their efficacy in the management of adenovirus conjunctivitis. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T19:44:20Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5ad5e009e94944e788a985d171637250 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2607 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T19:44:20Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Microorganisms |
| spelling | doaj.art-5ad5e009e94944e788a985d1716372502023-11-24T01:27:01ZengMDPI AGMicroorganisms2076-26072022-10-011010201410.3390/microorganisms10102014Antiviral Drugs in Adenovirus-Induced KeratoconjunctivitisRoberto Imparato0Nicola Rosa1Maddalena De Bernardo2Eye Unit, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, Scuola Medica Salernitana, University of Salerno, 84081 Salerno, ItalyEye Unit, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, Scuola Medica Salernitana, University of Salerno, 84081 Salerno, ItalyEye Unit, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, Scuola Medica Salernitana, University of Salerno, 84081 Salerno, ItalyHuman adenovirus (HAdV) is one of the most common causes of conjunctivitis worldwide. Depending on specific serotypes and other factors, it can lead to several ocular manifestations, ranging from isolated, self-limited disease to epidemic and potentially sight-threatening keratoconjunctivitis. To date, no antiviral agent against ocular adenovirus has been licensed, and its management is still based on hygienic and supportive measures alone. In this review, a literature search up to August 2021 was performed to find peer-reviewed articles, with the primary aim to investigate drugs or other compounds with any antiviral activity against adenovirus. Finally, we included 70 articles, consisting of both in vitro, and in vivo studies on animal models and clinical trials of any phase, as well as a case-report, and analyzed each compound separately. Many antiviral agents proved to be effective on in vivo and in vitro studies on animal models, and in pre-clinical trials, but lacked reliability in large, controlled clinical investigations. The design of such studies, though, presented several hurdles, due to the nature and the specific characteristics of adenovirus-induced ocular diseases. Nevertheless, some promising compounds are currently under study, and further investigations are needed to prove their efficacy in the management of adenovirus conjunctivitis.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/10/10/2014adenovirusconjunctivitisantiviral drugskeratitis |
| spellingShingle | Roberto Imparato Nicola Rosa Maddalena De Bernardo Antiviral Drugs in Adenovirus-Induced Keratoconjunctivitis Microorganisms adenovirus conjunctivitis antiviral drugs keratitis |
| title | Antiviral Drugs in Adenovirus-Induced Keratoconjunctivitis |
| title_full | Antiviral Drugs in Adenovirus-Induced Keratoconjunctivitis |
| title_fullStr | Antiviral Drugs in Adenovirus-Induced Keratoconjunctivitis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Antiviral Drugs in Adenovirus-Induced Keratoconjunctivitis |
| title_short | Antiviral Drugs in Adenovirus-Induced Keratoconjunctivitis |
| title_sort | antiviral drugs in adenovirus induced keratoconjunctivitis |
| topic | adenovirus conjunctivitis antiviral drugs keratitis |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/10/10/2014 |
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