The Exercise Training Modulatory Effects on the Obesity-Induced Immunometabolic Dysfunctions
Nakisa Soltani,1 Sayed Mohammad Marandi,1 Mohammad Kazemi,2 Nafiseh Esmaeil3 1Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran; 2Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; 3Department of Immun...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Dove Medical Press
2020-03-01
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| Series: | Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.dovepress.com/the-exercise-training-modulatory-effects-on-the-obesity-induced-immuno-peer-reviewed-article-DMSO |
| _version_ | 1827844572359688192 |
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| author | Soltani N Marandi SM Kazemi M Esmaeil N |
| author_facet | Soltani N Marandi SM Kazemi M Esmaeil N |
| author_sort | Soltani N |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Nakisa Soltani,1 Sayed Mohammad Marandi,1 Mohammad Kazemi,2 Nafiseh Esmaeil3 1Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran; 2Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; 3Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IranCorrespondence: Nafiseh EsmaeilDepartment of Immunology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 81744-176, IranTel +98 31 37929097Fax +98 3113 7929031Email nafesm5@gmail.comSayed Mohammad MarandiDepartment of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, IranTel +983137932358Fax +983136687572Email smmarandi2001@yahoo.comAbstract: Reduced physical activity rate in people’s lifestyle is a global concern associated with the prevalence of health disorders such as obesity and metabolic disturbance. Ample evidence has indicated a critical role of the immune system in the aggravation of obesity. The type, duration, and production of adipose tissue-released mediators may change subsequent inactive lifestyle-induced obesity, leading to the chronic systematic inflammation and monocyte/macrophage (MON/MФ) phenotype polarization. Preliminary adipose tissue expansion can be inhibited by changing the lifestyle. In this context, exercise training is widely recommended due to a definite improvement of energy balance and the potential impacts on the inflammatory signaling cascades. How exercise training affects the immune system has not yet been fully elucidated, because its anti-inflammatory, pro-inflammatory, or even immunosuppressive impacts have been indicated in the literature. A thorough understanding of the mechanisms triggered by exercise can suggest a new approach to combat meta-inflammation-induced metabolic diseases. In this review, we summarized the obesity-induced inflammatory pathways, the roles of MON/MФ polarization in adipose tissue and systemic inflammation, and the underlying inflammatory mechanisms triggered by exercise during obesity.Keywords: exercise training, immune system, adipose tissue, toll-like receptors, macrophage polarization, obesity, meta-inflammation |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T08:43:50Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5ae05442d806464d8087eedfafdd2989 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1178-7007 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T08:43:50Z |
| publishDate | 2020-03-01 |
| publisher | Dove Medical Press |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity |
| spelling | doaj.art-5ae05442d806464d8087eedfafdd29892023-09-02T16:33:55ZengDove Medical PressDiabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity1178-70072020-03-01Volume 1378581052611The Exercise Training Modulatory Effects on the Obesity-Induced Immunometabolic DysfunctionsSoltani NMarandi SMKazemi MEsmaeil NNakisa Soltani,1 Sayed Mohammad Marandi,1 Mohammad Kazemi,2 Nafiseh Esmaeil3 1Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran; 2Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; 3Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IranCorrespondence: Nafiseh EsmaeilDepartment of Immunology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 81744-176, IranTel +98 31 37929097Fax +98 3113 7929031Email nafesm5@gmail.comSayed Mohammad MarandiDepartment of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, IranTel +983137932358Fax +983136687572Email smmarandi2001@yahoo.comAbstract: Reduced physical activity rate in people’s lifestyle is a global concern associated with the prevalence of health disorders such as obesity and metabolic disturbance. Ample evidence has indicated a critical role of the immune system in the aggravation of obesity. The type, duration, and production of adipose tissue-released mediators may change subsequent inactive lifestyle-induced obesity, leading to the chronic systematic inflammation and monocyte/macrophage (MON/MФ) phenotype polarization. Preliminary adipose tissue expansion can be inhibited by changing the lifestyle. In this context, exercise training is widely recommended due to a definite improvement of energy balance and the potential impacts on the inflammatory signaling cascades. How exercise training affects the immune system has not yet been fully elucidated, because its anti-inflammatory, pro-inflammatory, or even immunosuppressive impacts have been indicated in the literature. A thorough understanding of the mechanisms triggered by exercise can suggest a new approach to combat meta-inflammation-induced metabolic diseases. In this review, we summarized the obesity-induced inflammatory pathways, the roles of MON/MФ polarization in adipose tissue and systemic inflammation, and the underlying inflammatory mechanisms triggered by exercise during obesity.Keywords: exercise training, immune system, adipose tissue, toll-like receptors, macrophage polarization, obesity, meta-inflammationhttps://www.dovepress.com/the-exercise-training-modulatory-effects-on-the-obesity-induced-immuno-peer-reviewed-article-DMSOexercise trainingimmune systemadipose tissuetoll-like receptorsmacrophage polarizationobesitymeta-inflammation |
| spellingShingle | Soltani N Marandi SM Kazemi M Esmaeil N The Exercise Training Modulatory Effects on the Obesity-Induced Immunometabolic Dysfunctions Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity exercise training immune system adipose tissue toll-like receptors macrophage polarization obesity meta-inflammation |
| title | The Exercise Training Modulatory Effects on the Obesity-Induced Immunometabolic Dysfunctions |
| title_full | The Exercise Training Modulatory Effects on the Obesity-Induced Immunometabolic Dysfunctions |
| title_fullStr | The Exercise Training Modulatory Effects on the Obesity-Induced Immunometabolic Dysfunctions |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Exercise Training Modulatory Effects on the Obesity-Induced Immunometabolic Dysfunctions |
| title_short | The Exercise Training Modulatory Effects on the Obesity-Induced Immunometabolic Dysfunctions |
| title_sort | exercise training modulatory effects on the obesity induced immunometabolic dysfunctions |
| topic | exercise training immune system adipose tissue toll-like receptors macrophage polarization obesity meta-inflammation |
| url | https://www.dovepress.com/the-exercise-training-modulatory-effects-on-the-obesity-induced-immuno-peer-reviewed-article-DMSO |
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