Transcriptional Modulation of the Host Immunity Mediated by Cytokines and Transcriptional Factors in <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i>-Infected Patients of North-East India
Complications due to malaria are caused mostly by host immunological responses. <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i> subverts host immunity by various strategies, including modulation in the host immune responses by regulating cytokines. The transcriptional alterations of major cytokines and imm...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2019-10-01
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| Series: | Biomolecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/9/10/600 |
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| author | Md Zohaib Ahmed Nitin Bhardwaj Supriya Sharma Veena Pande Anupkumar R Anvikar |
| author_facet | Md Zohaib Ahmed Nitin Bhardwaj Supriya Sharma Veena Pande Anupkumar R Anvikar |
| author_sort | Md Zohaib Ahmed |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Complications due to malaria are caused mostly by host immunological responses. <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i> subverts host immunity by various strategies, including modulation in the host immune responses by regulating cytokines. The transcriptional alterations of major cytokines and immunoregulators were analyzed in this study through gene expression profiling in clinically defined subgroups of <i>P. falciparum</i> patients. Malaria patients were included from Dhalai district hospital of Tripura with uncomplicated malaria (UC) and severe malaria (SM) and healthy controls from endemic and non-endemic areas of India. qPCR gene expression analysis was performed for all factors and they were grouped into three clusters based on their altered expressions. The first cluster was downregulated with an increased parasitic burden which included T-BET, GATA3, EOMES, TGF-β, STAT4, STAT6 and cytokines IFN-γ, IL-12, IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13. RANTES, IL-8, CCR8, and CXCR3 were decreased in the SM group. The second cluster was upregulated with severity and included TNF-α, IL-10, IL-1β and IL-7. PD-1 and BCL6 were increased in the SM group. The third cluster comprised of NF-κB and was not altered. The level of perforin was suppressed while GrB expression was elevated in SM. <i>P. falciparum</i> malaria burden is characterized by the modulation of host immunity via compromization of T cell-mediated responses and suppression of innate immune-regulators. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-16T09:10:22Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2218-273X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-16T09:10:22Z |
| publishDate | 2019-10-01 |
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| record_format | Article |
| series | Biomolecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-5b043dc6879b4ba5a784ab8a5e6510792022-12-21T22:37:00ZengMDPI AGBiomolecules2218-273X2019-10-0191060010.3390/biom9100600biom9100600Transcriptional Modulation of the Host Immunity Mediated by Cytokines and Transcriptional Factors in <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i>-Infected Patients of North-East IndiaMd Zohaib Ahmed0Nitin Bhardwaj1Supriya Sharma2Veena Pande3Anupkumar R Anvikar4Epidemiology and Clinical Research Division, ICMR-National Institute of Malaria Research, New Delhi 110077, IndiaEpidemiology and Clinical Research Division, ICMR-National Institute of Malaria Research, New Delhi 110077, IndiaEpidemiology and Clinical Research Division, ICMR-National Institute of Malaria Research, New Delhi 110077, IndiaDepartment of Biotechnology, Kumaun University, Bhimtal, Uttarakhand, 263136, IndiaEpidemiology and Clinical Research Division, ICMR-National Institute of Malaria Research, New Delhi 110077, IndiaComplications due to malaria are caused mostly by host immunological responses. <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i> subverts host immunity by various strategies, including modulation in the host immune responses by regulating cytokines. The transcriptional alterations of major cytokines and immunoregulators were analyzed in this study through gene expression profiling in clinically defined subgroups of <i>P. falciparum</i> patients. Malaria patients were included from Dhalai district hospital of Tripura with uncomplicated malaria (UC) and severe malaria (SM) and healthy controls from endemic and non-endemic areas of India. qPCR gene expression analysis was performed for all factors and they were grouped into three clusters based on their altered expressions. The first cluster was downregulated with an increased parasitic burden which included T-BET, GATA3, EOMES, TGF-β, STAT4, STAT6 and cytokines IFN-γ, IL-12, IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13. RANTES, IL-8, CCR8, and CXCR3 were decreased in the SM group. The second cluster was upregulated with severity and included TNF-α, IL-10, IL-1β and IL-7. PD-1 and BCL6 were increased in the SM group. The third cluster comprised of NF-κB and was not altered. The level of perforin was suppressed while GrB expression was elevated in SM. <i>P. falciparum</i> malaria burden is characterized by the modulation of host immunity via compromization of T cell-mediated responses and suppression of innate immune-regulators.https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/9/10/600malariacytokinestranscriptional factorsinnate immunitycell-mediated immunitynorth-east india |
| spellingShingle | Md Zohaib Ahmed Nitin Bhardwaj Supriya Sharma Veena Pande Anupkumar R Anvikar Transcriptional Modulation of the Host Immunity Mediated by Cytokines and Transcriptional Factors in <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i>-Infected Patients of North-East India Biomolecules malaria cytokines transcriptional factors innate immunity cell-mediated immunity north-east india |
| title | Transcriptional Modulation of the Host Immunity Mediated by Cytokines and Transcriptional Factors in <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i>-Infected Patients of North-East India |
| title_full | Transcriptional Modulation of the Host Immunity Mediated by Cytokines and Transcriptional Factors in <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i>-Infected Patients of North-East India |
| title_fullStr | Transcriptional Modulation of the Host Immunity Mediated by Cytokines and Transcriptional Factors in <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i>-Infected Patients of North-East India |
| title_full_unstemmed | Transcriptional Modulation of the Host Immunity Mediated by Cytokines and Transcriptional Factors in <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i>-Infected Patients of North-East India |
| title_short | Transcriptional Modulation of the Host Immunity Mediated by Cytokines and Transcriptional Factors in <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i>-Infected Patients of North-East India |
| title_sort | transcriptional modulation of the host immunity mediated by cytokines and transcriptional factors in i plasmodium falciparum i infected patients of north east india |
| topic | malaria cytokines transcriptional factors innate immunity cell-mediated immunity north-east india |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/9/10/600 |
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